Relative susceptibility of the Bikaner and Delhi populations of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its predator, Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), to different insecticides (original) (raw)
Related papers
The present research was carried out at Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan during 2008 to study the effect of different chemical pesticides on mustard aphid (L. erysimi) and their adverse effects on Ladybird beetle in Turnip field. The experiments were carried out with eight treatments, Actara® (low) @ 5g/100 lit water, Actara® (medium) @ 10g/100 lit water, Actara® (high) @ 15g/100 lit water, Confidor® (low) @ 80ml/100ml lit water, Confidor® (medium) @100ml/100 lit water, Confidor® (high) @ 120ml/100 lit water, Fastkil® @ 200ml/100 liter of water with a control. Results showed that Fastkil was more toxic to the mustard aphid (L. erysimi) population followed by Actara (high), Actara (medium) and Actare (low), respectively. Fastkil was found most lethal for the ladybird beetle population followed by Confidor (high), Actara (low), Confidor (low), Confidor (medium), and Actara (medium) respectively. The study recommends the use of Actara for the safe and effective control of mustard aphid (L. erysimi). Farmers should use Actara for the control of Aphids (L. erysimi) in the field as it is the least toxic to ladybird beetle population.
Evaluation of insecticides with bio-agents against natural enemies of mustard aphid
Ten different treatments were evaluated against natural enemies of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). The maximum population of coccinellid beetles with a mean of 4.97 and 4.83 per plant was recorded in the treatments with two releases of C. septumpunctata @ 5000 grubs/ha. Similarly, the Chrysoperla sp. population was maximum in the treatment comprising two releases of C. zastrowi @ 40,000 grubs/ha, with a mean of 3.83 and 3.65 per plant. The aphid parasitoid, D. rapae showed maximum activity in the control with a mean of 27.81 and 27.40 per cent parasitization. The lowest population of these natural enemies was observed in the treatment schedule comprising two sprays of imidacloprid 17.8 SL (0.005%).
Email: The toxicity of carbosulfon 20 EC, acetamiprid 20 SL, triazofos 40 EC, profenofos 50 EC and imidacloprid 20 SL was evaluated, when used alone; and in combination by making carbosulfan as standard and combined with other insecticides in 1:1 ratio; on the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Homoptera: Aphididae). The different concentrations ranging from 100,000 ppm, 50,000 ppm down to 390 ppm were prepared and LC values were calculated by Probit analysis. The LC value 50 50 determined after 24 hours for carbosulfon was 9472.2 ppm, acetamiprid 12857 ppm, imidacloprid 32143 ppm, profenofos 35295 ppm and for triazofos was 21338 ppm. The LC values of the combinations were calculated as ; carbosulfon + 50 acetamiprid 18590 ppm, carbosulfon + imidacloprid 15606 ppm, carbosulfon + profenofos 14464 ppm and for carbosulfon + triazofos 20090 ppm. These results suggested that carbosulfon + profenofos combination as the best insecticidal combination for the control of mustard aphid f...
Nepal Agriculture Research Journal, 2023
Faba bean (Vica faba L.) is important crop of Nepal which is grown in all climatic zone of country. Different insect pests are host of faba bean but black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scop. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is of more concern. Most of the farmer shifted to another crop due to A. fabae problem. Different insecticide have been sprayed to manage this aphid but most of the farmer were unable control them. However, very limited research was conducted for its ecofriendly management. Thus, we evaluate different insecticides such as nitenpyram, flonicamid, imidacloprid, dimethoate, azadirachtin, and neem oil on laboratory. Scintillating glass vial test and filter paper test were employed. Higher number of aphid mortality were found on dimethoate with LT 50 value of 15.93 hour followed by nitenpyram, and imidacloprid with 18.61 and 32.87 hour, respectively on scintillating glass vial test. On filter paper test, LT 50 of dimethoate was 27.34 hour followed by imidacloprid and nitenpyram with 49.51 and 53.44, respectively. Similarly, higher lady bird beetle Coccinella septempunctata Linn (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) mortality were also caused by dimethoate with LT 50 value of 63.38 hour followed by imidacloprid and nitenpyram with 153.21 188.42 hour. Our result suggested that nitenpyram or imidacloprid could be used for ecofriendly management of A. fabae with low mortality of its predator C. septempunctata. However precautionary measure has to be taken before applying them and waiting period has to be maintained for harvesting.
Relative toxicity of insecticides viz., clothianidin, bifenthrin, imidacloprid, spinosad, thiacloprid, flubendiamide, flonicamid and dimethoate is reported against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. Clothianidin @100 g a.i ha-1 was the most effective in bringing down the population of aphid at 1, 3, 7 DAS, while at 10 DAS, dimethoate (450 g a.i. ha-1) recorded the lowest incidence of aphid population (4.49 number per plant) with highest per cent reduction (79.19). The highest mean yield of 13.08 q ha-1 was obtained from dimethoate 450 g a.i. ha-1 followed by imidacloprid 20 g a.i. ha-1 (12.25 q ha-1) as compared to the lowest in the untreated plots (9.17 q ha-1). The highest benefit was achieved in the plots treated with imidacloprid 20 g a.i. ha-1 with a benefit-cost ratio of 8.72:1 whereas the lowest benefit cost ratio of 0.37:1 was obtained from the plots treated with spinosad 45 g a.i. ha-1. In laboratory, following dry film bioassay, the LC 50 (at 24 h) of clothianidin, bifenthrin, imidacloprid , spinosad, thiacloprid, flubendiamide, flonicamid and dimethaote were found to be 0.031, 0.117, 0.063, 0.912, 0.042,0.027, 0.079 and 0.057 ppm with the order of toxicity flubendiamide> clothianidin > thiacloprid > dimethoate >imidacloprid >flonicamid> bifenthrin >spinosad, respectively. Taking dimethoate as unity, the order of relative toxicity of insecticides was: flubendiamide (2.11)> clothianidin (1.83)> thiacloprid (1.35) > imidacloprid (0.90)>flonicamid (0.72)> bifenthrin (0.48)>spinosad (0.06) at 24 h. It was concluded that though dimethoate 450 g ai. ha-1 was an equally effective insecticide against A. craccivora as imidacloprid, the latter was more effective in terms of aphid population reduction, yield and benefit-cost ratio. Considering the LC 50 values and relative toxicity against A. craccivora, flubendiamide 60 a.i ha-1 was the most toxic and spinosad 45 a.i ha-1 the least toxic among the tested chemicals.
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2017
Conventional insecticide assays, which measure the effects of insecticide exposure on short-term mortality, overlook important traits, including persistence of toxicity or sub-lethal effects. Therefore, such approaches are especially inadequate for prediction of the overall impact of insecticides on beneficial arthropods. In this study, the side effects of four modern insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, and spirotetramat) on Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were evaluated under laboratory conditions by exposition on treated potted plants. In addition to investigation of acute toxicity and persistence of harmful activity in both larvae and adults of A. bipunctata, demographic parameters were evaluated, to provide a comprehensive picture of the nontarget effects of these products. Field doses of the four insecticides caused detrimental effects to A. bipunctata; but in different ways. Overall, spinosad showed the best toxicological profile among the products tested. Emamectin benzoate could be considered a low-risk insecticide, but had high persistence. Chlorantraniliprole exhibited lethal effects on early instar larvae and adults, along with a long-lasting activity, instead spirotetramat showed a low impact on larval and adult mortality and can be considered a short-lived insecticide. However, demographic analysis demonstrated that chlorantraniliprole and spirotetramat caused sub-lethal effects. Our findings highlight that sole assessment of mortality can lead to underestimation of the full impact of pesticides on nontarget insects. Demographic analysis was demonstrated to be a sensitive method for detection of the sub-lethal effects of insecticides on A. bipunctata, and this approach should be considered for evaluation of insecticide selectivity.
Bio-Efficacy of Newer Insecticides Against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.)
International Journal of Current Science 12(3): 2022 2022, 2022
An experiment was conducted to determine the relative bio-efficacy of nine insecticides, viz. Dimethoate 30 EC, Thiamethoxam 25 WG, Acetamiprid 20 SP, Buprofezin 25 SC, Chlorpyriphos 20 EC, Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD, Diafenthiuron 50 WP, Imidacloprid 17.8 SL and Quinalphos 25 EC against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) under field conditions at Research Farm of Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) during Rabi 2021-22. The observations were recorded on one day prior and 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after spraying of insecticides. The results revealed that imidacloprid 17.8 SL was found most effective followed by thiamethoxam 25 WG and dimethoate 30 EC against population of aphid. The maximum yield of 3861 kg/ha was recorded in the plot treated with imidacloprid 17.8 SL followed by thiamethoxam 25 WG (3444 kg/ha) and dimethoate 30 EC (3194 kg/ha). While the minimum seed yield was obtained in the untreated control (1778 kg/ha) followed by chloropyriphos 20 EC (1944 kg/ha) and diafenthiuron 50 WP (2222 kg/ha). The highest incremental cost-benefit ratio (C:B ratio) of 1:6.38 was computed in imidacloprid 17.8 SL followed by 1:5.60 in thiamethoxam 25 WG and 1:4.99 in dimethoate 30 EC. The minimum C:B ratio of 1:2.71 was obtained in chloropyriphos 20 EC followed by diafenthiuron 50 WP (1:2.97).
Efficacy of sub lethal doses of Insecticides on mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt
International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2018
The present study was done to know the efficacy of sub lethal doses Insecticides on mustard aphid, L. erysimi Kalt underlaboratory conditions. Results revealed that the highest mortality of L erysimi were observed 100 % (Cypermethrin 10EC and Dimethoate 30 EC) followed by 93.33% (Thiamethoxam 25 WG, Imidacloprid 70 WG), 86.67% (Acetamiprid 20 SP), 73.33% (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Fenpyroximate 5 SC), 60% (Pyriproxyfen 10 EC, Fipronil 5 SC) at 72 Hrs after treatment in 0.001% concentration. At 72 Hrs after treatment in 0.002% concentration the highest mortality were observed 100% (Cypermethrin 10EC, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and Dimethoate 30 EC) followed by 93.33% (Lambda cyhalothrin 5EC, Imidacloprid 70 WG), 86.67% (Thiamethoxam 25 WG), 60% (Pyriproxyfen 10 EC), 80% (Fenpyroximate 5 SC), 73.33% (Fipronil 5 SC), 66.67% (Pyriproxyfen 10 EC, Acetamiprid 20 SP). Whereas Treated with 0.003% the highest mortality were observed 100% (Dimethoate 30 EC, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Lambda cyhalothrin 5EC, Imidacloprid 70 WG Cypermethrin 10 EC) followed by 93.33% (Thiamethoxam 25 WG, Fenpyroximate 5 SC), 80% (Acetamiprid 20 SP, Pyriproxyfen 10 EC) and lowest 66.67% mortality recode in treated with Fipronil 5 SC.
Efficacy of Biopesticides and Insecticides Against Mustard Aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.)
Indian Journal of Entomology
A field experiment on the efficacy of biopesticides and newer insecticides against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) was conducted during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The treatment dimethoate 30%EC was found to be the most effective followed by pyriproxyfen 10%EC and buprofezin 25%SC. The maximum seed yield was obtained with dimethoate 30%EC (13.31 q ha-1) followed by pyriproxyfen 10%EC (13.07 q ha-1), buprofezin 25%SC (12.83 q ha-1) and pymetrozine 50%WG (11.79 q ha-1). The maximum net return was obtained with dimethoate 30%EC (`21,231.00 ha-1) followed by buprofezin 25%SC (`18,661.00 ha-1) and pyriproxyfen 10%EC (`17,756.00 ha-1), of which dimethoate 30%EC adversely affected the predator Coccinella septempunctata L.