Analysis of the Impact Dynamics of Shape Memory Alloy Hybrid Composites for Advanced Applications (original) (raw)
Related papers
Impact Energy Absorption Analysis of Shape Memory Hybrid Composites
Journal of Composites Science
Shape memory hybrid composites are hybrid structures with fiber-reinforced-polymer matrix materials. Shape memory wires due to shape memory/super-elastic properties exhibit a pseudo-elastic response with good damping/energy absorption capability. It is expected that the addition of shape memory wires in the glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer matrix composite (GFRP) will improve their mechanical and impact resistant properties. Stainless-steel wires are also expected to improve the impact resistance properties of GFRPs. In this research work, we investigated the effect of addition of shape memory wires and stainless-steel wires on the impact resistance properties of the GFRP and compared our results with conventional GFRPs. Super-elastic shape memory alloy wires and stainless-steel wires were fabricated as meshes and composites were fabricated by the hand-layup process followed by vacuum bagging and the compression molding setup. The shape-memory-alloy-wires-reinforced GFRP showed maximu...
Finite element simulation of low velocity impact on shape memory alloy composite plates
Composite Structures, 2005
Delamination of composite materials due to low velocity impacts is one of the major failure types of aerospace composite structures. The low velocity impact may not immediately induce any visible damage on the surface of structures whilst the stiffness and compressive strength of the structures can decrease dramatically.Shape memory alloy (SMA) materials possess unique mechanical and thermal properties compared with conventional materials. Many studies have shown that shape memory alloy wires can absorb a lot of the energy during the impact due to their superelastic and hysteretic behaviour. The superelastic effect is due to reversible stress induced transformation from austenite to martensite. If a stress is applied to the alloy in the austenitic state, large deformation strains can be obtained and stress induced martensite is formed. Upon removal of the stress, the martensite reverts to its austenitic parent phase and the SMA undergoes a large hysteresis loop and a large recoverable strain is obtained. This large strain energy absorption capability can be used to improve the impact tolerance of composites. By embedding superelastic shape memory alloys into a composite structure, impact damage can be reduced quite significantly.This article investigates the impact damage behaviour of carbon fiber/epoxy composite plates embedded with superelastic shape memory alloys wires. The results show that for low velocity impact, embedding SMA wires into composites increase the damage resistance of the composites when compared to conventional composites structures.
Shape Memory Hybrid Composites for Aerospace Applications
Materials Science Forum
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are smart materials that have the ability to recover large strain. The shape memory and superelasticity in these alloys is due to stress induced martensitic transformation that strongly depends upon the phase transformation temperatures. These alloys are being investigated for a number of applications due to their remarkable properties such as improved impact and damage resistance, vibration damping, seismic damping, shape morphing and crack closure properties. In this work, these alloys were integrated in fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) to develop hybrid composite structures that can benefit from both fiber strength and intrinsic properties of SMAs resulting in weight efficient smart materials with better mechanical properties. The experimental investigation on impact performance of nitinol SMAs wire reinforced glass fiber composites (GFRP) showed 18% increase in toughness, as compared to steel wire reinforced glass fiber composites. In this paper, the e...
2009
A complete dynamic model is presented to study the response of smart hybrid composite structure embedded with shape memory alloy (SMA) wires subjected to low velocity impact. The analysis could be used to calculate the contact forces, the deflections, the velocities and the in-plane strains and stresses of the structure during the impact. The SMA wires were embedded within the layers of the composite laminate. The first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) as well as the Fourier series method was utilized to solve the governing equations of the composite plate analytically. The interaction between the impactor and the plate was modeled with the help of two degrees-of-freedom system, consisting of springs-masses. The Choi's linearized Hertzian contact model was used in the impact analysis of the laminated hybrid composite plate. A computer program was developed based on the analysis. The results of calculations of the program were compared with the existing paper results. An excellent agreement was seen between the comparisons. The effect of the volume fraction of the SMA wires on the contact forces, the deflections, the velocities and the inplane strains and stresses of the structure during the impact were studied. It was seemed that embedding the SMA wires within the layers of the traditional laminated composite plates would improve the impact resistance of the structures remarkably.
A new nonlinear finite element model is presented for the static aero-thermal deflection of a shape memory alloy hybrid composite panel with initial geometric imperfection and under the combined effect of thermal and aerodynamic loads. The nonlinear governing equations are obtained using Marguerre curved plate theory and the principle of virtual work. The effect of large deflection is included in the formulation through the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relations. The aerodynamic pressure is modeled using the quasi-steady first-order piston theory. The Newton-Raphson iteration method is employed to obtain the nonlinear aero-thermal deflections, while an Eigen value problem is solved at each temperature and static aerodynamic load to predict the free vibration frequencies about the deflected equilibrium position. Finally, the nonlinear deflection and free vibration characteristics of a shape memory alloy hybrid composite panel are presented, illustrating the effect of shape memory alloy fiber embeddings, temperature rise, dynamic pressure, and initial geometric imperfection on the panel response.
This article presents a complete analytical model to study the role of the shape memory alloys (SMAs) on improvement the impact response of the smart composite structures. The role of some physical and geometrical parameters such as the volume fraction, the orientation and the location of the SMA wires on the contact force history, the deflection, the in-plane strains and stresses of the structures is investigated in details. Also the effect of density of the impactor to the plate ratio and the elastic modulus of the impactor to the plate ratio on the contact force history and the deflection of the plate is studied. The first order shear deformation theory as well as the Fourier series method was utilized to solve the governing equations of the composite plate analytically. The interaction between the impactor and the plate was modeled with the help of two degrees of freedom system consisting of springs-masses. The Choi's linearized contact model was used in the analysis. The results of the above research indicated that the use of the SMA wires inside the smart composite structures improve the global behavior of the structure against the impact. The smart composite structures damp more uniformly and rapidly after the impact.
Molecules
This paper aims to estimate the enhancement in the energy absorption characteristics of the glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP) by embedding prestrained pseudo-elastic shape memory alloy (SMA) that was used as a secondary reinforcement. The pseudo-elastic SMA (PE-SMA) embedded were in the form of wires and have an equiatomic composition (i.e., 50%–50%) of nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti). These specimens are fabricated using a vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. The estimation is done for the GFRP and SMA/GFRP specimens at four different impact velocities (65, 75, 85, and 103 m/s) using a gas-gun impact set-up. At all different impact velocities, the failure modes change as we switch from GFRP to SMA/GFRP specimen. In the SMA/GFRP specimen, the failure mode changed from delamination in the primary region to SMA-pull out and SMA deformation. This leads to an increase in the ballistic limit. It is observed that energy absorbed by SMA/GFRP specimens is higher than the GFRP specim...
Experimental investigation on a fully thermoplastic composite subjected to repeated impacts
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2019
In the last years, the spread of composite laminates into the engineering sectors was observed; the main reason lies in higher values of strength/weight and stiffness/weight ratios with respect to conventional materials. Firstly, the attention was focused on fibres reinforced with thermosetting matrix. Then, the necessity to move towards low density and recyclable solutions has implied the development of composites made with thermoplastic matrix. Even if the first application of thermoplastic composites can be found into no structural parts, the replacement of metallic structural parts with such material in areas potentially subjected to impact has become worthy of investigation. Depending on the field of application and on the design geometry, in fact, some components can be subjected to repeated impacts at localized sites either during fabrication, activities of routine maintenance or during service conditions. When composite material was adopted, even though the impact damage ass...
Study of Temperature Variation over Shape Memory Polymer Hybrid Composite under Transverse Loading
Soft Robotics - Recent Advances and Applications [Working Title]
The chapter presents a nonlinear bending analysis of layered shape memory polymer composite beams under the influence of uniformly distributed transverse load. Simplified Co continuity Finite Element Method based on Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory has been adopted for bending analysis of shape memory polymer composite (SMPC) and shape memory polymer nanocomposite sandwich (SMPNCS) beam. The numerical solutions are obtained by the iterative Newton-Raphson method with Von-Karman nonlinear kinematics. Material properties of SMPC with shape memory polymer (SMP) as matrix and carbon fiber as reinforcements have been calculated by the theory of volume averaging. The effect of temperature on SMP, SMPC, SMP hybrid composite, and SMPNCS has been evaluated for various parameters such as aspect ratio, number of layers, boundary conditions, the volume fraction of carbon fiber, and laminate stacking orientation. The present study provides a detailed explanation of the influence of various ...
Part II. Thermomechanical characteristics of shape memory alloy composites
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2004
Shape memory alloys embedded into composites have many possible applications, such as using the composites for shape control of structures, changing vibration frequencies or for use in controlling impact damage. However before these can become a reality the basic thermomechanical behaviour of the SMA-composites needs to be well understood. This paper details an investigation into the thermomechanical behaviour of the SMA-composites, looking at the preliminary results of recovery stresses produced and the stress and strain behaviour with respect to temperature.