Real-World Applications of Distributed Clustering Mechanism in Dense Wireless Sensor Networks (original) (raw)
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Clustering Structure and Deployment of Node in Wireless Sensor Network
International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science, 2014
Generally, grouping sensor nodes into clusters has been widely adopted by the research community to satisfy the above scalability objective and generally achieve high energy efficiency and prolong network lifetime in large scale WSN environments. The corresponding hierarchical routing and data gathering protocols imply cluster based organization of the sensor nodes in order that data fusion and aggregation are possible, thus leading to significant energy savings. We propose a clustering approach which organizes the whole network into a connected hierarchy and discuss the design rationale of the different clustering approaches and design principles. Further, we propose several key issues that affect the practical deployment of clustering techniques in wireless sensor network applications. Index Terms-WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), Sensor Node (SN), Base Station (BS), Cluster Head (CH), Mobile ad hoc network (MANET).
The large-scale deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the need for data aggregation necessitate efficient organization of the network topology for the purpose of balancing the load and prolonging the network lifetime. Clustering has proven to be an effective approach for organizing the network into a connected hierarchy. In this article, we highlight the challenges in clustering a WSN, discuss the design rationale of the different clustering approaches, and classify the proposed approaches based on their objectives and design principles. We further discuss several key issues that affect the practical deployment of clustering techniques in sensor network applications.
Clustering objectives in wireless sensor networks: A survey and research direction analysis
Computer Networks, 2020
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) typically include thousands of resource-constrained sensors to monitor their surroundings, collect data, and transfer it to remote servers for further processing. Although WSNs are considered highly flexible ad-hoc networks, network management has been a fundamental challenge in these types of networks given the deployment size and the associated quality concerns such as resource management, scalability, and reliability. Topology management is considered a viable technique to address these concerns. Clustering is the most well-known topology management method in WSNs, grouping nodes to manage them and/or executing various tasks in a distributed manner, such as resource management. Although clustering techniques are mainly known to improve energy consumption, there are various quality-driven objectives that can be realized through clustering. In this paper, we review comprehensively existing WSN clustering techniques, their objectives and the network properties supported by those techniques. After refining more than 500 clustering techniques, we extract about 215 of them as the most important ones, which we further review, catergorize and classify based on clustering objectives and also the network properties such as mobility and heterogeneity. In addition, statistics are provided based on the chosen metrics, providing highly useful insights into the design of clustering techniques in WSNs.
A distributed clustering scheme for wireless sensor networks
2014 6th Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology (IKT), 2014
Clustering is a promising solution to conserve sensor energy levels and to organize tasks among nodes. This paper presents a distributed energy efficient protocol to cluster wireless sensor networks using two techniques: local re-clustering and multi-criteria cluster formation. When a Cluster Head (CH) maintains an acceptable part of its remaining energy, it is not necessary to cooperate in consecutive clustering processes (global re-clustering). However, most of the previous algorithms have not considered the energy harvesting attained from local re-clustering, which is the process of selecting a new CH only when the previous CH has consumed a prespecified part of its energy. Besides, each node computes a multi-criteria score for being selected as a CH and running a round. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol prolongs the lifetime of WSNs by decreasing clustering overhead.
Energy-efficient distributed clustering in wireless sensor networks
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2010
The deployment of wireless sensor networks in many application areas requires self-organization of the network nodes into clusters. Clustering is a network management technique, since it creates a hierarchical structure over a flat network. Quite a lot of node clustering techniques have appeared in the literature, and roughly fall into two families: those based on the construction of a dominating set and those which are based solely on energy considerations. The former family suffers from the fact that only a small subset of the network nodes are responsible for relaying the messages, and thus cause rapid consumption of the energy of these nodes. The latter family uses the residual energy of each node in order to decide about whether it will elect itself as a leader of a cluster or not. This family's methods ignore topological features of the nodes and are used in combination with the methods of the former family. We propose an energy-efficient distributed clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks, based on a metric for characterizing the significance of a node, w.r.t. its contribution in relaying messages. The protocol achieves small communication complexity and linear computation complexity. Experimental results attest that the protocol improves network longevity.
Extending the longevity, is a significant job to be accomplished by these sensor networks. The traditional routing protocols could not be applied here, due to its nodes powered by batteries. Nodes are often clustered in to non-overlapping clusters, so as to provide energy efficiency. A concise overview on clustering processes, within wireless sensor networks is given in this paper. But it is difficult to replace the deceased batteries of the sensor nodes. A distinctive sensor node consumes much of its energy during wireless communication. This research work suggests the development of a hierarchical distributed clustering mechanism, which gives improved performance over the existing clustering algorithm LEACH. The two hiding concepts behind the proposed scheme are the hierarchical distributed clustering mechanism and the concept of threshold. Energy utilization is significantly reduced, thereby greatly prolonging the lifetime of the sensor nodes.
Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks
2009
The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has grown enormously in the last decade, pointing out the crucial need for scalable and energy-efficient routing and data gathering and aggregation protocols in corresponding large-scale environments. Hierarchical clustering protocols (as opposed to direct single-tier communication schemes) have extensively been used toward the above directions. Moreover, they can greatly contribute to overall system scalability, lifetime, and energy efficiency.
Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks- A Survey
International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security, 2016
Increased demand of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in various applications has made it a hot research area. Several challenges imposed which include energy conservation, scalability, limited network resources etc. with energy conservation being the most important. Clustering improves the energy efficiency by making high power nodes as cluster heads (CHs) which reduces the chance of energy depletion of nodes. Scalability, fault tolerance, data aggregation, energy efficiency are some of the main objectives of clustering. This paper discusses various challenges associated with clustering and different methods or techniques developed to overcome these challenges. Various clustering approaches have been summarized and few prominent Quality of service (QoS) based clustering routing protocols for WSN have been identified. Comparison of these approaches and protocols is discussed based on some parameters.
Real-World Applications of Cluster Based Wireless Sensor Networks and Data Aggregation
Wireless sensors and wireless sensor networks have come up to the bleeding edge of mainstream researchers naturally. Clustering is a prospering topology control approach, which can extend the lifetime and raise versatility for wireless sensor networks. The most very much enjoyed basis for distributed clustering approach is to pick cluster heads with more remaining energy and to turn them periodically. Sensors at substantial activity areas quickly exhaust their energy assets and bite the dust ahead of time, deserting the system to fall. The utilization of these sensors and the probability of sorting out them into networks have found numerous exploration issues and have featured imaginative approaches to adapt to specific issues. In this paper, the impression of distributed clustering component has been expounded exquisitely and diverse regions where such distributed clustering strategy could be put to use in rising real world wireless sensor arrange applications have been assembled and talked about.