Microbiology Characteristics Among Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Western Romania (original) (raw)
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Changing Epidemiology of the Respiratory Bacteriology of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
Chest, 2016
BACKGROUND: Monitoring potential changes in the epidemiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens furthers our understanding of the potential impact of interventions. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis using data reported to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (CFFPR) from 2006 to 2012 to determine the annual percent changes in the prevalence and incidence of selected CF pathogens. Pathogens included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillinresistant S aureus (MRSA), Haemophilus influenzae, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Changes in nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) prevalence were assessed from 2010 to 2012, when the CFFPR collected NTM species. RESULTS: In 2012, the pathogens of highest prevalence and incidence were MSSA and P aeruginosa, followed by MRSA. The prevalence of A xylosoxidans and B cepacia complex were relatively low. From 2006 to 2012, the annual percent change in overall (as well as in most age strata) prevalence and incidence significantly decreased for P aeruginosa and B cepacia complex, but significantly increased for MRSA. From 2010 to 2012, the annual percent change in overall prevalence of NTM and Mycobaterium avium complex increased. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiology of CF pathogens continues to change. The causes of these observations are most likely multifactorial and include improvements in clinical care and infection prevention and control. Data from this study will be useful to evaluate the impact of new therapies on CF microbiology.
50 Microbiological characterization of patients in Lisbon cystic fibrosis centre
Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 2014
Bacteria in chronic infections can form complex, interacting communities. These communities diversify as a result of interactions with both the environment and each other. The Cystic Fibrosis lung facilitates the cohabitation of diverse microbial organisms and we are only just beginning to understand the extent of this diversity. Objective: We aimed to study the community structure and interspecies interactions, particularly those affecting virulence, in greater detail by using both an in vitro model and deep sequencing of patient samples. Methods: We have developed co-culture multispecies biofilm models in which microbial interactions can be investigated. Results: Using an artificial sputum medium, pathogens such as Pseudomoas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia sp and Candida albicans have been studied in a free-floating biofilm system to determine whether interspecies interactions facilitate the virulence of P. aeruginosa. In addition, metabolic footprinting of these cultures was used to determine changes in small-molecule metabolites. To further characterise the CF lung microbiome, we have collected longitudinal sputum samples from adult CF patients and sequenced 16S rRNA sequences using an Illumina MiSeq. This enables the microbial community in each sample to be identified and compared to determine whether additional factors influence the microbial composition of the lung. Considerable differences in the microbial population could be found between samples. Conclusion: Understanding complex interactions may uncover novel therapeutic targets and ultimately lead to altered CF patient management. We acknowledge the Leverhulme Trust for funding.
Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 2015
Background: Clinical and demographical knowledge on Spanish cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is incomplete as no national registry exists. CFmicrobiology has not been studied at national level. The results of the first Spanish multicenter study on CF microbiology are presented. Methods: 24 CF-Units for adult (n = 12) and pediatric (n = 12) patients from 17 hospitals provided sputa and clinical data from 15 consecutive patients. Cultures and susceptibility testing were performed. Colonization impact on pulmonary function was assessed. Results: 341 patients [mean (SD) age 21 (11) years, 180 ≥ 18 years, mean (SD) FEV 1 = 68 (25)%] were included. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reported as chronic, intermittent or absent in 46%, 22% and 32% of patients, respectively. The annual prevalence was 62%. Positive P. aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus cultures were significantly associated with lower FEV 1 (p b 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions: The representative subset of the Spanish CF-population which has been clinically, demographically and microbiologically characterized will serve as a reference for future CF studies in Spain.
Microbiology of airway disease in a cohort of patients with cystic fibrosis
BMC infectious diseases, 2006
Recent reports document an increasing incidence of new Gram-negative pathogens such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans isolated from patients with Cystic Fibrosis, along with an increase in common Gram-negative pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex. Furthermore, the increase in multidrug-resistance of such organisms makes the therapeutic management of these patients more problematic. Therefore, careful isolation and identification, and accurate studies of susceptibility to antibiotics are critical for predicting the spread of strains, improving therapeutic measures and facilitating our understanding of the epidemiology of emerging pathogens. The first aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the prevalence of colonization by Gram-negative organisms isolated from respiratory samples of Cystic Fibrosis patients in the Regional Referral Cystic Fibrosis Centre of Naples; the second was to evaluate the spectrum of ...
Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, 2016
Increased patient longevity and aggressive antibiotic treatment are thought to impact on the microbial composition of the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we sought to determine if a temporal change in the airway microbiology of adults with CF has occurred over time. Longitudinal analysis of sputum microbiology results was undertaken on patients attending a large adult CF centre. Clinical status and health outcomes of transitioning patients were also assessed. A decrease in the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Aspergillus spp. (p=0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively) occurred. Improvements in lung function among transitioning patients infected with P. aeruginosa were observed. Overtime, a decline in the prevalence of many CF airway pathogens has occurred. Significantly, an incremental improvement in lung function was reported for transitioning patients with current P. aeruginos...
Journal of clinical microbiology, 1999
Investigators participating in the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis project began to collect microbiological, pulmonary, and nutritional data on cystic fibrosis (CF) patients at 180 North American sites in 1994. Part of this study was a survey undertaken in August 1995 to determine microbiology laboratory practices with regard to pulmonary specimens from CF patients. The survey included a section on test ordering, completed by a site clinician, and a section on test performance and reporting, completed by each site's clinical microbiology laboratory staff. Seventy-nine percent of the surveys were returned. There was intersite consistency of microbiology laboratory practices in most cases. The majority of sites follow most of the CF Foundation consensus conference recommendations. There were differences in the frequency at which specimens for culture were obtained, in the use of selective media for Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae, and in the use of a prolon...
The Changing Microbial Epidemiology in Cystic Fibrosis
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2010
SUMMARY Infection of the airways remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). This review describes salient features of the epidemiologies of microbial species that are involved in respiratory tract infection in CF. The apparently expanding spectrum of species causing infection in CF and recent changes in the incidences and prevalences of infection due to specific bacterial, fungal, and viral species are described. The challenges inherent in tracking and interpreting rates of infection in this patient population are discussed.