Radionuclide concentrations analysis of Duhok air atmosphere by gamma spectrometry (original) (raw)
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RAP Conference Proceedings, 2022
The activity concentrations of 7 Be, 210 Pb, 40 K and 137 Cs in ground level air at the monitoring station in Tirana, Albania were determined during the period from January 2021 to January 2022. To perform a routine air radioactivity monitoring, we used a typical aerosol sampling station located at the Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics in Tirana not only for routine air radioactivity monitoring, but also to monitor the air in the institute from the radiation protection point of view because in the institute are located the temporary radioactive waste site, 137 Cs source used in the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory and 137 Cs irradiation source. Activities in all aerosol samples are measured by gamma spectrometer with High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The cylinder geometry efficiency curve generated by Canberra's Laboratory Sourceless Calibration Software (LabSOCS) was used to analyze the air filters. The obtained results show the activity concentrations of cosmogenic 7 Be ranged from 2.38 to 6.82 mBq m-3 with a maximum in the spring/summer period. The activity concentrations for 210 Pb were in the range 0.37 to 1.27 mBq m-3. The activity concentrations of anthropogenic 137 Cs in ground level air was observed only in three air filters in the range 0.30-6.01 μBq m-3. The monitoring is done for the first time in Albania, providing us the data of cosmogenic and terrestrial radionuclides in ground level air. This study will continue also in the future in order to see the variation of radionuclides during the years.
PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATION 2020 (ICONSTA 2020)
Measurements of natural radionuclide (NORMs) and artificial radionuclide in airborne particulates obtained from around prospective site area of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), in West Kalimantan, Bengkayang have been carried out. In the NPP development plan, the radionuclide data from potential sites should be measured to determine the baseline environmental data. The objective research was to obtain ambient air quality data from the radiological aspects of the gamma transmitter around of NPP site area. The data is then used to compile environmental documents related to location permits in the NPP development plan. Sampling was carried out from February to April 2020, at locations up to 10 km from the area of NPP site prospective (Sungai Raya Village, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan). The radionuclide measured using a Gamma Spectrometer with HP Ge detector and analysis using Maestro software. The results showed that there were several natural radionuclides 238 U and their decay series (226 Ra, 210 Pb), 232 Th and their decay series (228 Th), 40 K, and 137 Cs of the artificial radionuclide in airborne particulate samples. In general, the concentration activity of that natural radionuclide (238 U, 232 Th and their decay series) is still below the threshold value of the Indonesian Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency (BAPETEN), while the artificial radionuclide 137 Cs still within the world range. Natural radionuclide and their decay sequence are estimated to be purely from the environment, whereas the 137 Cs from the fallout.
Atom Indonesia, 2021
Bali and Lombok islands are popular resorts and tourist destinations in the world because of their culture and beautiful natural view. The natural and anthropogenic radionuclides content in surface air of Bali and Lombok islands such as 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs were measured at 3 monitoring stations in a period from January to December 2016. Aerosol samples were collected using a high volume total suspended particles (TSP) sampler. The activity concentrations of those radionuclides in the airborne particulate matter were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The results show that the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K ranged from 1.0 to 3.04 µBq/m 3 , not detected to 1.78 µBq/m 3 , and 0.03 to 0.49 mBq/m 3 , respectively. All the airborne particulate matter filter samples were found to be lower than the minimum detectable activity for 137 Cs, which means that none of 137 Cs is originated from atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and other sources in the surface air of Bali and Lombok islands. Variations of monthly activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were influenced by rainfall during the study period. Furthermore, the peak concentrations of radionuclides also occur due to volcanic ash coming from the Mount Rinjani eruption.
The International Conference on Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Natural radioactivity exists everywhere around us in soil, air, water, and atmosphere and even in our bodies. Radiological background levels especially for vital locations are of great importance to our country nuclear program. EL-Dabaa site, at which the first Egyptian nuclear power plant will be constructed, is strategic area to be monitored before the beginning of the plant experimental and commercial operation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the radioactivity levels and its radiological hazard indices especially in the zones around the NPPs; exclusion zone, low population zone and high population area (El-Dabaa old and new town). Many soil and shore sediment samples were collected from these areas. They were prepared and then analyzed using HpGe spectrometer. The calculations of activity concentration (Ac) of natural radionuclides 238 U, 232 Th decay series and 40 K were carried out. Based on the results obtained, the hazard indices (air absorbed gamma dose rate D , annual effective dose E , excess life time cancer risk ELCR) indoor and outdoor also (Ra equivalent Raeq and internal and external hazard index Hin,Hex) also (gamma index I and alpha index I) were estimated. The man-made radionuclide 137 Cs was also measured. The results are tabulated, plotted, discussed and compared with the national and international levels and limits.
A STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS FOR CANKIRI, TURKEY
This study is the first to assess the level of background radiation for the Cankiri province of Turkey. Indoor air radon concentrations were determined using Columbia Resin-39 nuclear track detectors and the average 222 Rn activity was found to be 44 Bq m 23 (equivalent to an annual effective dose of 1.1 mSv). Measurements of gamma doses in outdoor air were performed using a portable plastic scintillation detector and the average gamma absorbed dose rate was found to be 8 mR h 21 (corresponding to an annual effective dose of 87.7 mSv). Radionuclide activity concentrations in soil samples were measured through gamma-ray spectrometry and the average activities were determined as 17.7, 22.3, 357 and 4.1 Bq kg 21 for the radionuclides 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs, respectively. The average annual effective dose from the natural radioactivity sources ( 238 U series, 232 Th series and 40 K) was calculated to be 44.4 mSv. Radioactivity levels of drinking water samples were carried out using a low-background proportional counter and the average gross alpha and beta activities were obtained as 0.25 and 0.26 Bq l 21 , respectively (equivalent to an annual effective dose of 184 mSv). The average radon concentrations in indoor air and the average radionuclide activities in soil were found to be lower than most Turkish cities while higher levels of outdoor gamma dose rate and water radioactivity were observed. The results of this study showed that the region's background radioactivity level differs considerably from the reported data for Turkish cities.
Measurement of Radioactivity in Dust in the Air using Gamma-ray Spectroscopic Analysis
2004
Experiment on measurement of radioactivity in the air using gamma spectrometry has been done. He-40T filter paper was set-up on the air collector (stapler) at 0.5~1.5 meters from the ground. Duration of air collection was set for 1.5 hours and flow rate of the air passing through the filter was measured. The filter, then, was put at 3 cm from a HPGe detector. Measurement of radioactive in the filter used a MCA system. The system was set at 3000 seconds for the counting time. Data obtained from the experiment have shown that radioactive concentration of Pb-212 in the air was in the range of 6.11 x10 -8 ~ 17.2 x10 -8 Bq/cm 3 . ABSTRAK Pengukuran radioaktif di udara dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrometri gamma. Kertas penyaring He-40T ditata pada kolektor udara setinggi 0.5-1.5 meter dari tanah. Pengumpulan udara dilakukan selama 1.5 jam dan kecepatan alir rata-rata udara yang melalui penyaring diukur. Penyaring kemudian di letakkan 3 cm dari detektor HPGe. Pengukuran radioaktif pad...
Environmental radioactivity concentrations of Tekirdağ
International Congress Series, 2005
This paper presents the environmental radioactivity concentrations in Tekirdag, a city in the region of Marmara in Turkey. Indoor and outdoor g-exposure rates were measured by Eberline smart portable counter, ESP-2. Gross aand h-counting of the water samples taken from municipal supplies, wells, and fountains were performed by using a gas-flow proportional counter, Berthold LB770-PC 10. Soil samples, collected from 40 different points in the area, were analyzed by using a gray spectrometry system connected with an HPGe detector and the radioactivity concentrations of the radio nuclides of uranium and thorium series 40 K and 137 Cs were determined. Dose and risk calculations were made.
Environmental radioactivity measurements in Kastamonu region of northern Turkey
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2007
Located in the north-western part of Turkey, the province of Kastamonu has lately been receiving national attention because of its cultural and touristic attractions. This study assesses the environmental radioactivity levels of the region through measurements of indoor radon concentrations and indoor/outdoor gamma absorbed dose in air and radionuclide activities in surface soil and drinking water. The indoor 222 Rn activity concentration was found to be 98:4 Bq=m 3 equivalent to an annual effective dose of 2.48 mSv. The indoor and outdoor gamma absorbed doses were measured as 54.81 and 48.03 nGy/h, respectively, corresponding to a total gamma radiation level (of terrestrial and cosmic origin) of 0.33 mSv/y. The activity concentrations in the soil samples collected from the study area were determined as 32.93, 27.17, 431.43 Bq/kg for the natural radionuclides 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K, respectively, and 8.02 Bq/kg for the fission product 137 Cs. These natural radioactivity sources result in a terrestrial gamma level of 60 mSv=y. The water samples collected from the region carry an average of 0.0089 Bq/l of gross alpha and 0.271 Bq/l of gross beta activities which together cause an annual effective dose of 1:83 mSv. The measurement results obtained in this study indicate that the region has a background radiation level that is within the natural limits and shows no significant departure from the other parts of the country. r
Radionuclide analysis in the soil of Kumaun Himalaya, India, using gamma ray spectrometry
Current science
Environmental release of low levels of radioactivity can occur as a consequence of normal radionuclides present in the earth's crust. We present here the results of a survey undertaken in 2003 on the radionuclide concentration in different rock formations in the eastern part of Kumaun Himalaya. The activity concentration and gamma-absorbed dose rates of the terrestrial radionuclides caused by 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K were determined in the soil samples collected from the eastern part of Kumaun Himalaya. The mean concentration of 238 U and 232 Th in the earth's crust varied from 0.5 to 5 ppm (6 to 60 Bq/kg) and 2 to 20 ppm (8 to 80 Bq/kg) respectively. The reported activity concentration for the different rock formations varied from 32.6 to 1305.5 Bq/kg for 238 U, 16.3 to 136.3 Bq/kg for 232 Th and 124.6 to 1758.0 Bq/kg for 40 K. The distribution of the radionuclides varied with rock type due to different chemical properties of the measured radionuclides and the rocks. The result shows that high activity levels were found in Saryu Formation consisting of augen-gneiss, granite interbedded with schists and flaggy quartzite. The total air-absorbed dose rate in air above 1 m height was calculated from the three radionuclides ( 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K), which varied from 39.1 to 226.8 nGy h -1 . The internal and external health-hazard indices were calculated based on the concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K. Strong positive correlations were observed between 235 U and 226 Ra, 232 Th and 226 Ra, 40 K and 232 Th as well as 40 K and 226 Ra. However, no significant correlation was observed between 238 U and 226 Ra because of radioactive disequilibrium between them.