Food Consumption Pattern and the Intake of Sugar, Salt, and Fat in the South Jakarta City—Indonesia (original) (raw)

Consumption and sources of added sugar in Indonesia: a review

Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The present report summarized the best available evidence regarding consumption level and sources of free or added sugars in Indonesia. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Information was extracted from food balance sheets, household expenditure surveys, nutrition surveys, published studies, unpublished theses/ dissertations, and government reports. RESULTS A total of 18 references were obtained, showing varying results. Indonesia's national surveys suggested intakes of sugar below 50 grams per day or below 10% of energy intake. Published studies suggested higher levels of intake. Studies used expenditure surveys or a single day of recall to determine dietary intake. None made use of biomarkers to determine the level of sugar intake. The 2014 Total Diet Study estimated that 11.8% of the population consumed >50 grams sugar per day. Common food sources were table sugar, wheat products, milk products, sweetened drinks, condiments, candies and chocolate products. C...

Development and validity of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire as a new research tool for sugar intake assessment among Indonesian adolescents

Heliyon, 2021

Robust evidence has shown that sugar is a major contributor to obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). However, there have not been sufficient tools to estimate sugar intakes. Therefore, developing a new and valid tool to assess sugar intake, based on cultural eating habits, is crucial. The study was done in two phases; the first focused on the development of Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ), and the second focused on researching the validity of the questionnaire. Food items in the SFFQ were selected from the latest national survey review, exploratory survey, and food market observation. Forty-nine food items were included in the final SFFQ with five open-ended questions for fruit groups. One hundred and six adolescents aged 15-17 years participated in the study. The total sugar intake among the adolescents was 58.80 g/day (52.7 g sucrose; 1.47 g fructose; 1.49 glucose) which contributed to 11.6% of the total energy intake per day. The reliability analysis showed a good agreement between the two administered SFFQs in a one-month interval. The relative validity results, using 6-days food diaries as a reference method, demonstrated a superior ability to rank individuals into the same and adjacent classification and only <10% gross misclassification in all sugar intakes. The developed SFFQ in turn has been proven to have moderate to good validity and be applicable for a larger epidemiological study.

Source of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among Indonesian: A mini review

Journal of Global Nutrition

Overweight-obesity become global health concern and sugar sweetened beverages is highlighted contributing the excessive energy intake. This mini review aims to describe the source of sugar intake from beverage among Jakarta population as capital city of Indonesia. This study was mini review of 5 articles of SSB consumption using 7-days fluid record or semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). This study obtained the information that SSBs consumption has occurred in younger age and increased in older age. SSBs consumption is dominated by milk-based drinks in children, milk-based drink and flavored beverages such as carbonated soft drinks, electrolyte drinks, sport drinks, flavored drinks (not include original fruit drinks) in adolescence, and milk-based drinks, tea and coffee-based drinks in young adults. It is necessary to educate the care giver for children and adolescents also young adults regarding the healthier beverages to prevent health impacts due to SSBs consum...

Do Indonesians follow its Dietary Guidelines?: evidence related to food consumption, healthy lifestyle, and nutritional status within the period 2000-2010

2011

Dietary Guidelines are sets of advisory statements that give dietary advice for population to promote nutritional well-being. They contain information on foods or behaviors that are encouraged and cautionary messages derived from scientific evidence-based reviews and specific local conditions. The Indonesian Dietary Guidelines consisting of 13 messages that were publicized by the Ministry of Health in 1995 and have not been reviewed afterward in relation to nutritional status and health outcome of the population. By reviewing studies on different age groups in the past 10 years and comparing the results with the recommended guidelines, this paper aims to identify if messages have been successfully applied and if there are relevant issues not yet covered in the guidelines. The reviews covered 29 out of 33 provinces, representing studies from sub-district or higher levels (district, provincial, national). Results showed that some messages have been better implemented than others; also...

The Diet Patterns of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Lhokseumawe, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 2020

Diabetes Mellitus/DM is an increase in blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia which causes various complications in some important organs such as eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels. A proper diet of diabetes mellitus patients is determined based on the amount of food intake, scheduled meal, and daily food composition. This study is a descriptive research, and aim to identify the diets of diabetic patients in Pusong, Lhokseumawe with 108 in population. The number of research samples were 52 respondents using purposive sampling techniques. The sample criteria applied with several conditions, such as had been suffering from type 2 DM for more than 5 years and able to read and write in Indonesian. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha test value of 0.841. The results showed that 78.8% of respondents were not able to control the type of daily food consumption, 73.1% were not able to control the amount of daily food, 67.3% were not ab...

Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Its Potential Health Implications in Indonesia

National public health Journal, 2022

The broad availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the Indonesian market is increasing consumption. It, combined with escalating incidence and prevalence of diabetes and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and the ongoing debate on policies, has called for a comprehensive review as described in this study. Data was compiled from various sources but mainly gathered from the reported or published documents because of no direct access to the necessary data set. The lack of studies that assessed the direct relationship between SSB consumption and health outcomes in the Indonesian context also became a strong reason for the preparation of this review to highlight important points for further research, academic reviews, and debates on empiric policies to control sugar consumption at the population level. Sociocultural factors were an apparent and crucial determinant of the sweetness preferences of mainstream Indonesians. They were not capitalized in the available documents and should be embraced in future health promotional measures. Given the high contribution of carbohydrates and sugar to total energy intake in the Indonesian diet, it is pertinent to control the increasing trend of SSBs consumption through interventions on both the supply and demand sides.

Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB’s) Consumption in Household of DKI Jakarta Province in 2020

Proceedings of The International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics, 2023

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for causing 41 million deaths annually, constituting approximately 74% of all global fatalities. One of the key factors contributing to the elevated risk of NCD's is the excessive consumption of sugary beverages, which encompass a variety of liquid products containing added sugars. This research endeavor seeks to identify the socioeconomic factors that perform in shaping the consumption patterns of sugary beverages within households residing in Province of DKI Jakarta. This study using data from the 2020 Susenas survey, contain a total of 5,456 sampled households. Binary logistic regression is used for modelling whether households had consumed sugary beverages during the preceding week or not. Variables such as marital status, gender, age, educational attainment, employment status of the household head, as well as internet accessibility, economic status, internet usage motives, and household size, were found to influence the likelihood of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in DKI Jakarta Province. Based on these findings, it is recommended to enhance the use of the internet for promoting healthy lifestyles.

The Differences of Sugar-sweetened Beverages Consumption Averages according to Some Factors among Students of SMAN 48 East Jakarta 2016

1970

Sugar-sweetened beverages are certain types of calorie drinks which are ready to drink when it purchased. This research aims to get information about the differences of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption averages among students of SMAN 48 East Jakarta according to sex, mass media exposure, accessibility, availability, family influence, peer influence, nutritional knowledge, attitude, physical activity, the habit of bringing mineral water, and pocket money. This quantitative study (cross sectional) is conducted to 168 samples (quota sampling method). Self-administered Questionnaire and various sized bottles are used as the instruments of this research. The result showed that the average of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption in general was 245,7 mL/day. The averages of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption based on its categories were tea/coffee (152,7 mL/day), fruit-flavored drinks (77,1 mL/day), flavored drinks (without fruit juice) (65,7 mL/day), sports drinks (56,9 mL/day), caloric carbonated drinks (42,2 mL/day), and energy drinks (10,0 mL/day). Bivariate analysis (t-independent test) showed that there was a significant difference on the average of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption according to sex, mass media exposure, availability, peer influence, and attitude. Support from various authorities related to sugar-sweetened beverages sales policy and free mineral water supply in public places, especially school, are needed to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages consumption.

Development and validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing sugar consumption among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Malaysian Journal of Nutrition

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing habitual added sugar consumption of adults in the Klang Valley. In the development phase, a 24-hour dietary recall (24-hr DR) was used to determine food items to be included into the FFQ among adults from three major ethnicities (n = 51). In the validation phase, the FFQ was further validated against a reference method which was a multiple-pass 24-hr DR among 125 adults in Klang Valley. The response rate for the latter phase was 96.1%. The semi-quantitative FFQ consisting of 64 food items was categorised into 10 food groups. The mean added sugar intake determined by the reference method was 44.2 +/- 20.2 g/day while that from the FFQ was 49.4 +/- 21.4 g/day. The difference in mean intake between the two methods was 5.2 g (95% CI = 2.6-7.9; SD = 14.9, p < 0.05) or 11.8%. Pearson correlation was r = 0.74 (p < 0.001) for the two methods while Spearman rank correla...

The Pattern of Carbohydrate Intake among University Students from Eastern Indonesia Tends to be Diverse

Current Nutrition & Food Science

Background: Along with the shift in consumption patterns of carbohydrate staple foods in Indonesia, many communities are abandoning local traditional foods such as tubers and sago and turning to white rice. Objective: Considering the rise of modern living patterns that are loved by teenagers and young adults, the researchers aimed to identify the basic food consumption patterns of adolescents and young people in Indonesia and the factors that influence them. Methods: The subjects involved in this study were 108 Universitas Gadjah Mada students representing various regions and tribes in Indonesia. The proportion of each part of Indonesia was determined by the proportionate stratified random sampling technique, while the research subjects were selected by purposive sampling. Subjects were interviewed using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Data on knowledge factors related to nutrition and perceptions were obtained using a separate questionnaire. Results: Th...