Self-employment in Brazil and its determinants: a spatial analysis (original) (raw)
Related papers
Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 2015
resumo: este artigo discute as tendências históricas em grandes áreas metropolitanas brasileiras mostrando que a produção diminuiu sua participação no país, mas o movimento foi, em geral, mais intenso nas grandes áreas metropolitanas e, particularmente, na Área metropolitana de são Paulo (AmsP). esse movimento foi mais intenso na década de 1980 e na primeira metade da década de 1990. A partir de meados de 1990 até ao final da década de 2000, a tendência da participação na fabricação ficou desgastada. o primeiro período reflete o esgotamento do processo de substituição de importações que ocorreu nas três décadas anteriores (1950-1980). o segundo período, de 1993 a 2009, representa um novo modelo de crescimento e a evidencia do esgotamento do sector manufatureiro reforça a ideia de um novo período, em termos de emprego industrial. enquanto de 1996 a 2005 a concentração aumentou, ela diminuiu novamente na segunda metade da primeira década dos anos 2000. A AmsP reinventou-se muito rapidamente a partir de final de 1970 até meados da década de 2000. PAlAvrAs-chAve: Áreas metropolitanas; concentração industrial; manufaturados; serviços.
Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, 2010
This paper is about the links between entrepreneurship determinants, entrepreneurship rate and entrepreneurship consequences. A model relating demographic, cultural, economical and institutional antecedents to entrepreneurship rate and to economic and social regional performance is proposed and tested using Rio Grande do Sul municipal data. The results support the view that institutional, economical and demographic variables shape entrepreneurship rate. Moreover support was also found for the fact that the entrepreneurship rate impacts the development of localities. Unlike other researches our results also suggest that the entrepreneurship rate mediates the effects of other variables on the regional economic and social performance. This result has important implications for establishing regional development policies because if the interest is to enhance economic and social development the best practice is to improve the entrepreneurship antecedents rather than only stimulate more pe...
Entrepreneurship in Brazil: A Worthy Endeavor?
International Journal of Economics and Finance
This study analyzes if there are differences between the income of entrepreneurs and wage earners in Brazil. Using data from the 2015 National Household Sample Survey database, we estimate a Mincer equation, correcting for self-selection, which explains the choice of entrepreneurship in the function of earnings related to salaried work. Subsequently, the wage differential per category is decomposed using the Oaxaca-Blinder procedure. To complete the analysis, a detailed decomposition is used to identify the explained and unexplained components of the wage gap. The results indicate that personal, cultural, and demographic characteristics affect the entrepreneurial occupational choice as well the differential in the income of entrepreneurs and employees. On average, entrepreneurs earn approximately 19.68% more than salaried workers.
Cuadernos de Gestión, 2017
The objective of this paper consists in analysing whether Local Productive Arrangements (APLs)-the Brazilian version of a cluster-can improve the local development of their host municipalities. Most studies concern about the identification and mapping of APL but only a few examine their effects on the socioeconomic development of their regions. The major challenge to identifying lessons learned from APL is the lack of robust tools to measure whether or not such policies are successful at local development level. In this line a quantitative research is made to compare the local development among municipalities from the Sao Paulo State, in Brazil by using data from SEADE (Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados). Local development is measured by a composite index (IDL) built by the authors and the Sao Paulo State Social Responsibility Index (IPRS). The former includes health and demographic dimensions which are not included in the latter. Municipalities with APL represent about 19% of the total. Based on analysis of variance, results suggest they have a better local development than municipalities without APL. Since most APLs are relevant for economic local development reasons, they play an important role both for the sectorial policies and for local development policy. This finding would validate the Sao Paulo State policies towards building and consolidation of APL.
Analysis of the development of local productive arrangements (LPAs) in Brazil
2020
Faced with the crisis of the 1970s, the Local Productive Arrangements (LPA) were created, where micro, small and medium enterprises organized themselves with socioeconomic and political agents, located in the same territory, developing related economic activities that present links of production, interaction, cooperation and learning. In Brazil, the Federal Government together with class entities, supporting industry and commerce, carried out numerous initiatives to stimulate the development of LPA in various regions of the country. This article aims to present the development of LPA policies in Brazil, analyzing quantitative data, addressing the region that has shown the greatest growth in LPA and which is the predominant productive sector in recent years. In addition to traditional reference research, the database available at the <i>Observatório Brasileiro de Arranjos Produtivos Locais </i>(<i>OBLPA</i>) was used to analyze and compare the results. The gro...
2007
Local economies within a country differ substantially in their economic performance and such differences might persist over long periods of time. Increasing concern with regional disparities and poverty levels have prompted a growing interest in understanding factors giving some places better conditions for enhancing performance and overcoming development challenges. In particular, researchers and policy makers have been trying to investigate the potential roles of public policy at local level. Here, the key question relates to the capability of local governments in significantly impacting their realities despite their historic, economic, social and geographical constraints. The central aim of this paper is to empirically investigate the factors influencing local development across Brazilian municipalities, emphasizing the role of local public policy. To do that we adopt spatial econometric models inspired by growth theory and by some recent development of spatial economics. Our results contribute to the identification of determinants of local economic development measured by three variables, namely employment change, income per capita change and the change in the population below the poverty line. From the empirical estimates evidence is provided regarding the factors suggested by the recent literature on growth, development and spatial economics.
Theorising Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector in Urban Brazil: A Product of Exit or Exclusion?
The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2015
This article evaluates critically the competing explanations for informal sector entrepreneurship that read such endeavours to result from either ‘exclusion’ from state benefits and the circuits of the modern economy or the voluntary ‘exit’ of workers from formal institutions. Reporting evidence from a 2003 survey in urban Brazil, it is revealed that similar proportions of informal sector entrepreneurs explain their participation to result from their involuntary exclusion and voluntary exit from the formal economy. The outcome is a call to shift from an either/or to a both/and approach when explaining informal sector entrepreneurship and for wider research on the relative weightings given to exit and exclusion in different contexts so as to develop a socio-spatially contingent explanation for participation in informal sector entrepreneurship across the globe.