Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalysed Homogeneous Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous Media (original) (raw)

This chapter reviews the recent advances in the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to formic acid or formate in aqueous media. The transformation of CO2, a stable greenhouse gas, to useful chemicals is essential for mitigating climate change and addressing energy demand. It highlights the effectiveness of transition metal catalysts, particularly rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium complexes, and examines the role of water as a solvent. The chapter discusses the challenges and solutions related to catalyst solubility, reaction conditions, and the catalytic mechanisms, as well as strategies for recycling catalysts to enhance sustainability.