Effect of Desmopressin on the Amount of Bleeding and Transfusion Requirements in Patients Undergoing Heart Transplant Surgery (original) (raw)
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Desmopressin after cardiac surgery in bleeding patients. A multicenter randomized trial
Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2016
Previous studies showed that desmopressin decreases post-operative blood loss in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. These studies were small and never studied the effect of desmopressin in patients with active bleeding. Objective of the study was to determine whether desmopressin reduces red blood cells transfusion requirements in patients with active bleeding after cardiac surgery who had been pre-treated with tranexamic acid. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study randomized elective patients with bleeding after cardiac surgery despite pre-treatment with tranexamic acid, to receive placebo (saline solution) or a single administration of desmopressin (0.3 μg/kg in saline solution). The primary endpoint was the number of patients requiring red blood cells transfusion after randomization and during hospital stay. Secondary end points were: blood loss from chest tubes during the first 24 h after study drug administration, hours of mechan...
Desmopressin Reduces Transfusion Needs after Surgery
Anesthesiology, 2008
Background: Perioperative pathologic microvascular bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and could be reduced by hemostatic drugs. At the same time, safety concerns regarding existing hemostatic agents include excess mortality. Numerous trials investigating desmopressin have lacked power to detect a beneficial effect on transfusion of blood products. The authors performed a meta-analysis of 38 randomized, placebo-controlled trials (2,488 patients) investigating desmopressin in surgery and indicating at least perioperative blood loss or transfusion of blood products.
Desmopressin Reduces Transfusion Needs after Surgery : A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Anesthesiology, 2008
Background: Perioperative pathologic microvascular bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and could be reduced by hemostatic drugs. At the same time, safety concerns regarding existing hemostatic agents include excess mortality. Numerous trials investigating desmopressin have lacked power to detect a beneficial effect on transfusion of blood products. The authors performed a meta-analysis of 38 randomized, placebo-controlled trials (2,488 patients) investigating desmopressin in surgery and indicating at least perioperative blood loss or transfusion of blood products.
Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory
Aim: Bleeding is a major problem in cardiac surgery, and results in a high risk of allogeneic blood transfusion associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In recent years, studies in the literature reported that desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, DDAVP) reduces the blood loss after surgical interventions. The aim of the present study is to analyze the effect of desmopressin and tranexamic acid on blood product use and postoperative bleeding in patients that were pretreated with P2Y12 inhibitors by cardiologists and undergone emergent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Material and Methods:The prospectively collected data of 62 adult patients who underwent emergent isolated CABG surgery and pretreated with P2Y12 inhibitors by cardiologists were retrospectively reviewed. The perioperative data of the patients included their demographic data, laboratory findings, the amount of blood loss from chest tubes, the amount of blood product use, need of re-t...
Effect of Desmopressin on Bleeding After Heart Surgeries: A Narrative Review
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Desmopressin is an analog of the antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin), which causes anticoagulant activity by increasing plasma factor 8. The use of desmopressin dates back to 1977, when this hormone was used to prevent bleeding during tooth extraction and surgery in patients with hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease. After that, this hormone was expanded to prevent bleeding in congenital defects and conditions such as chronic kidney and liver failure. Also, this hormone is used to prevent bleeding in major surgeries such as heart surgery, where the patient loses much blood and needs a blood transfusion. Considering the importance of desmopressin in bleeding control, the present study was conducted to investigate the possible effect of this hormone in heart surgery.
Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine, 2016
Background: Severe bleeding is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery using the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) pump. Desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, is used to prevent postoperative bleeding in patients with renal insufficiency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of desmopressin in reducing blood loss after cardiac surgery in patients receiving antiplatelet drugs. Methods: In this prospective clinical trial, 40 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with CPB, aged over 18 years, and on antiplatelet therapy for a week before surgery were divided in two groups. Case and control groups received nasal desmopressin spray and nasal normal saline spray, respectively. Patient vital signs, blood loss, administration of blood products, prescription drugs to improve the coagulation status, serum and whole intake and output of patients, need for a second surgery to control the bleeding, remaining sternum open, mortality due to bleeding, duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and mechanical ventilation were recorded. Results: In the case and control groups there were no differences in duration of operation, mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay. There was no significant difference in terms of postoperative bleeding and intake of blood products between two groups (P>0.05). Reoperation due to bleeding in the case and control groups was observed in 3 (15%), and 1 (5%) patient(s), respectively (P=0.3). Conclusion: Desmopressin has no significant effect on reducing the amount of bleeding after cardiac surgery in patients receiving anti-platelet agents.
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2016
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common surgical intervention at the end-stages of coronary artery occlusion disease. Despite the effectiveness of CABG, it may have particular complications, such as bleeding during and after surgery. So far, there have been many drugs used to reduce bleeding. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the effects of desmopressin on the amount of bleeding in patients undergoing CABG with a cardiopulmonary bypass pump (CPBP) who were taking anti-platelet medicine. Methods: One hundred patients scheduled for elective CABG with a CPBP were included in a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial study. They were randomly divided into two groups. One group received desmopressin (40 µg) and the other group received a placebo (isotonic saline). Seven patients were excluded from the study, and 47 and 46 patients participated in the desmopressin and control groups, respectively. The methods of monitoring and the anesthetic techniques were similar in both groups, and all surgeries were performed by one surgeon. Variables including age, gender, pump time, aortic clamp time, duration of surgery, complications (e.g., nausea and vomiting, blood pressure changes), the necessity to receive blood products, and coagulation tests (prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, and bleeding time) were assessed. Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS software version 17. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age, gender, pump time, clamp time, duration of surgery, complications, and the changes in hemoglobin and coagulation test measurements (P > 0.05). No significant difference was noted between the groups regarding the rate of bleeding after surgery (359.3 ± 266.2 in group D vs. 406.3 ± 341.6 in group P (control group); P = 0.208). However, the platelet changes after surgery in both groups were significantly different. The analysis revealed that the rate of thrombocytopenia after surgery was higher in the control group (P = 0.012). Conclusions: Our study showed that desmopressin could not reduce the amount of blood loss after CABG. Also, desmopressin did not have a significant effect on coagulation status. Therefore, based on the results of our study, it seems that the use of this medication cannot be a helpful for patients with any indication for CABG.
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, 1991
Desmopressin acetate (DA) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin that may improve perioperative coagulation in cardiac surgical patients. Twenty-seven adult patients with good left ventricular function and normal preoperative coagulation profiles scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery participated in the double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The 14 patients in the DA group received the drug over 10 minutes (starting 15 minutes after protamine administration). The 13 patients in the placebo group received an equal volume of saline. Preoperative template bleeding time was longer in the placebo group (P = 0.04). Otherwise, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in demographics, coagulation variables, renal concentrating
Journal of Vascular Surgery, 1995
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) on blood loss, transfusion requirements, and thromboembolic complications in patients undergoing elective aortic operations. Methods: A randomized, double-blind trial was carried out during a 3-year period with patients receiving 20 wg DDAVP or identical-appearing placebo at the time of aortic cross-clamp placement. In addition to major bleeding and thromboembolic end points, bleeding times and platelet counts were monitored serially. Results: Forty-three patients were randomized to receive DDAVP, and 48 were assigned to a placebo. An equivalent proportion of patients with aneurysm and patients with occlusive disease was in each group. In spite of mild prolongation in the postoperative bleeding times and moderate thrombocytopenia, DDAVP had no beneficial effect on blood loss or transfusion requirements. Total blood transfusion amotmt (mean-+ standard deviation) for patients receiving DDAVP was 3.1 + 3.0 U compared with 2.7 +-3.0 U for those receiving placebo. For all patients the period associated with the greatest blood loss was the time between heparin administration with cross-clamp application and reversal of heparin with protamine sulfate. The incidence of major thromboembolic complications was similar in both groups. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia and mild platelet dysfunction are common after aortic operation, but DDAVP does not improve hemostasis or lessen transfusion requirements. This study does not rule out a beneficial effect of DDAVP in patients who are undergoing more complex aortic operations or who have major hemostatic aberrations. (J VAse SuRa 1995;22:223-30.) Desmopressin acetate, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), is a synthetic vasopressin analog that lacks vasoconstrictor activity and acutely increases levels of Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) when administered intravenously. 1 It has been used to improve hemostasis in patients with mild hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease; it shortens the bleeding time in these patients apparently by inducing endothelial release of large multi-From the
Transfusion of Blood Products in the Postoperative of Cardiac Surgery
International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences, 2021
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are prone to excessive postoperative bleeding. In addition, it is known that the passage of blood through the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit triggers the release of inflammatory mediators, resulting in a series of changes in hemostasis. Other situations such as thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and liver failure may also influence the occurrence of acute anemia, which should be corrected immediately. 1,2 However, the indiscriminate use of blood products in cardiac surgery has been associated with increased risk of infection, increased need for mechanical ventilation, increased organ failure, longer length of hospital stay, and higher mortality rates. 3-6 Although blood transfusion may become imperative for the management of postoperative cardiac surgery patients, several efforts have been made to restrict and standardize transfusion practice and improve outcomes for patients. 7-9 Much has been discussed about the optimal time for transfusion, although there is no global standardization of hematocrit and hemoglobin values, but only a consensus on clinical criteria. In practice, efforts have focused on maintaining hemoglobin values between 7 and