Science cited in patents: A geographic "flow" analysis of bibliographic citation patterns in patents (original) (raw)
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Research Policy, 2001
The development of science-based technologies may draw heavily on codified and tacit outputs from both domestic research bases and foreign sources. Having a view of the scientific underpinnings of these technical innovations and related knowledge diffusion and utilization processes, especially those concerning public-financed basic research, is of major importance to policymakers nowadays. Some of those scientific and technical inputs are pivotal to technical inventions and Ž . are acknowledged as such by explicit references ''citations'' to related research papers in the reference list on the corresponding patents. This case study deals with citations to Dutch-authored research papers on USPTO patents granted during the period 1987-1996. Results of the citation analysis reveal several important features of contributions made by the Ž . Dutch science base to Dutch-invented andror foreign-invented patents such as 1 a marked overall increase of patent Ž . Ž . citations to Dutch research papers, and 2 significant differences between domestic and foreign citation patterns where 3 domestic citation links are dominated by author-inventor self-citations and patents originating from the large R & D-intensive multinational firms such as Philips. These findings provide new empirical evidence that patent citation analysis produces systemic quantitative data providing strategic background information regarding nation-specific and sector-specific factors in domestic and cross-border science-technology linkages and knowledge flows. q
Patent Citations and the Geography of Knowledge Spillovers: A Reassessment
American Economic Review, 2005
The measurement of knowledge spillovers is subject, at root, to a fundamental identification problem, which implies that any empirical re-sult in the area must be treated with caution. Professor Robert Langer of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for example, is one of the ...
Cross-country learning from patents: an analysis of citations flows in innovation trajectories
Scientometrics, 2021
This study proposes a methodological approach to investigate cross-country creativity/knowledge flows by analyzing patent citation networks, taking the aircraft, aviation and cosmonautics (AAC) industry as a case study. It aims at shedding some light on the following research questions: (a) how cross-country creative/learning flows can be investigated; (b) have countries of current patent owners benefited from patent acquisitions. In fact, despite the well-established economic interest for (analyzing and forecasting) innovation trajectories, this research area is still unexplored, thus, motivating the need for such study. Over 43,000,000 patents have been analyzed whereby: (a) owners have performed cross-country patent acquisitions; (b) acquired patents (granted within 2005–2009) are cited by subsequent patents (2010–2015). Methodology and results are scalable to other industries and can be exploited by managers and policy makers to: (a) help firms forecasting innovation trajectorie...
Patents, Citations & Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy
The Economic Journal, 2003
This is an important book that will influence future research on R&D and innovation. It brings together a number of pioneering papers by Adam Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg (and various co-authors) on the use of patent citations to study the innovation process, plus several new pieces of work. The book is organised in four parts. The papers in Part 1 lay the 'conceptual' groundwork for research on patent citations. The first is the classic paper by Trajtenberg demonstrating that citations are linked to demand-based measures of social surplus for one important medical innovation, CT scanners. Making this link between patent citations and social (and private) value provides powerful justification for using citations in economic studies. It is surprising and unfortunate that there have not been similar studies on other innovations, despite the huge growth of empirical work on vertically differentiated product markets.
Science-technology flows in Spanish regions: an analysis of scientific citations in patents
2002
Many regions of the European Union with a high degree of self-government have elected very clearly to stimulate scientific research and technological development (R&D) as a specific means of promoting economic growth and the welfare of their citizens. In Spain, several Autonomous Regions have organised their efforts in science and technology by means of the adoption of regional R&D plans. In some cases, particular concern is taken to link the scope of scientific research with that of technology, but even in these few cases, it is acknowledged that little is known of the mechanisms by which the results of scientific research are translated into technological development, and how this latter in turn influences the objectives of scientific research. Our aim in this article is to study in greater depth the relationship between science and technological development in the various Regions of Spain. The methodology that we apply to investigate the links between science and technology is based on analysing the scientific citations in patent documents (non patent citation NPC). The results obtained from this study provide some relevant data on the interconnection between the scientific and technological systems from a regional perspective.
Research Papers in Economics, 2019
The investigation comprises information about patent citations distributed by different technological domains, which are used to map knowledge flows and to correlate these flows with the evolution of countries' competences. Specifically, the analysis uses information about patent citations to track and discuss the evolution of knowledge flows to a set of selected countries involved in catching-up up processes.. The analysis comprises an analysis of patent citation data extracted from the USPTO database from the period 1982-2006, including information about citations extracted from patents granted by national companies of the selected countries, presented trough technological interaction matrices crossing information of different technological domains of the patents, correlating the technological domains of the patents citing other patents with the technological domains of the patents cited. The hypothesis is that the intensification and diversification of knowledge flows to a gr...