Anti-Phosphatidylserine/Prothrombin Antibodies are not Frequently Found in Patients with Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriages (original) (raw)
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Clinical Chemistry, 2006
Background: Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with recurrent fetal loss, but the clinical relevance of antiprothrombin (aPT) antibodies remains controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of plasma concentrations of aPT antibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA isotypes) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) not associated with antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we measured plasma aPT antibodies in 100 pregnant women at 8 -12 weeks of gestation who had histories of recurrent abortion not associated with antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. The controls were 200 healthy gestational-age-matched women with uncomplicated gestations.
International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research, 2016
Background: Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) are acquired autoantibodies directed to phospholipids which are associated with slow progressive thrombosis and infarction of placenta. Infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss may occur because of impaired trophoblast function, placental infarction, and abnormal blood clotting. Aim: To evaluate APLA (IgG and IgM) in cases of infertility and recurrent abortions. Materials and Methods: A prospective study comprising 70 subjects was carried out. Fifty cases of unexplained infertility and recurrent abortions (25 each) constituted the study group. Twenty healthy multipara females of same reproductive age group constituted the control group. Venous blood samples were collected, and serum was analyzed for two types of APLA (IgG and IgM) by ELISA method. Results: The mean IgM and IgG levels in recurrent abortions group were 8.10 MPL-U/ml and 6.17 GPL-U/ml, respectively whereas in control group, the levels were 4.67 MPL-U/ml and 4.53 GPL-U/ml, respectively. The difference was statistically nonsignificant. The mean IgM and IgG levels in unexplained infertility group were 7.30 MPL-U/ml and 6.12 GPL-U/ml, respectively whereas in control group, the levels were 4.67 MPL-U/ml and 4.53 GPL-U/ml, respectively. Again the difference was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusions: The present study concludes that there is no significance of raised APLA in cases of infertility and recurrent abortions.
Role of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Unexplained Recurrent Abortion and Intrauterine Fetal Death
2013
Background: Women with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have a significant risk of reproductive failure and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the recurrent miscarriages, intrauterine fetal deaths, and intrauterine fetal growth restriction is significant among these patients. Women with a history of recurrent abortion and unexplained fetal death or a history of recurrent thrombotic episodes should be screened for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. We studied the incidence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and lupus anticoagulant (LA) factor in recurrent unexplained miscarriages and intrauterine fetal deaths. Subjects and Methods: We performed a cohort study among women who attended the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assiut University hospitals, Assiut, Egypt, between October 2007 and October 2011 after being referred due to recurrent miscarriage (≥ 2 consecutive pregnancy losses). All women underwent a standardized investigation sequence. Women with other reasons for...
Antiphospholipid antibodies and the investigation of recurrent miscarriage
Current Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 1999
Recurrent miscarriage (three or more consecutive miscarriages) affects 1% of the female population and this causes severe psychological morbidity in both the sufferer and their partner. For many years the aetiology of recurrent miscarriage in the majority of cases has remained unclear. Treatment regimens to improve pregnancy outcome were based on poorly-designed studies, often without control cohorts, which have subsequently been shown to be of no proven benefit. Over the past 15 years accumulating evidence has implicated the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAbs) in the aetiology of recurrent miscarriage. APAbs can be found in 15% of the recurrent miscarriage population, and are associated with first and second-trimester miscarriages as well as other obstetric complications. Aspirin and subcutaneous heparin administration are of clinically-proven benefit in lowering the miscarriage rate in women with this condition. Maternal side effects of aspirin and heparin are rare but include thrombocytopenia and osteoporosis. No direct teratogenic effects of aspirin and heparin have been demonstrated but pregnancies complicated by APAbs need to be monitored closely for evidence of pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction.
Sixty percent of recurrent spontaneous abortions are unexplained. Recurrent abortion is a globally common problem affecting more than 500,000 women in the United States annually. 1 Recurrent spontaneous abortions may happen due to genetic, anatomic, hormonal, infectious and immunologic causes. 2 Immunological factors are the most remarkable cause of abortion and the most important ones are antisperm antibody (ASA) and antiphospholipid antibody. The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a multisystem disorder defined as vascular thromboses (venous, arterial, or small vessel) and/or pregnancy morbidity (fetal loss, premature birth, or recurrent embryonic losses) occurring in those with persistent autoantibodies directed against phospholipid-binding plasma proteins (antiphospholipid antibodies). The most common defect in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion is the hemostatic defect. Although a broad spectrum of antiphospholipid antibodies exists, the universally accepted diagnostic antiphospholipid antibodies tests are lupus anticoagulant (LA), functional coagulation assay, for detection of anticardiolipin antibody and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). If antiphospholipid antibody evaluation is performed, the most common one is anticardiolipin antibody. 1 If properly screened, it would be the cause to be found in almost all women. 1 Clinical features in conjunction with positive laboratory findings will satisfy the criteria for the diagnosis of anticardiolipin and antisperm antibodies. 2 Many authors have focused on antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) as a cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. 3 The study populations consisted of 120 patients who referred to the Motahari Hospital (abortion clinic) of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences since February 2006. Patients with a history of 3 or more previous pregnancy losses were included in the study. The etiology of loss was investigated by complete work up such as hormonal assay and infectious studies. As a result, 120 patients had no etiology. The control group consisted of 50 women with no previous fetal loss, who were matched with the study
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 1997
F. T t i ) k x~~ M. PAUSA, E. NARDON, G. NARCHI, R. BULLA, C. LIVI, S. GUASCHINO, A N D PL. MERONI Tedesc,o I.: Pausa M , Nardon E, Narchi G, Bulla R, Livi C, Guaschino S, Meroni P L . Prevalence nnd biological effects of anti-trophoblast and anti-endothelial cell antibodies in p atients bt.itlt recurrent spontaneous abortions. AJRI 1997; 38:205-211 0 Munksgaard, Copenhtrgcn
Fertility and Sterility, 2010
To evaluate the role of anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein-I (anti-beta(2)GPI-ab) and anti-phosphatidylserine (aPS-ab) antibodies as a risk factor in both recurrent miscarriage (RM) and unexplained fetal losses (UFL). Retrospective, cohort study. Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. 122 pregnant women divided in two groups: study group of 54 women with RM and/or UFL and control group of 68 pregnant without RM history. Analysis of lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti-beta(2)GP1 and aPS antibodies. Comparison of aPL antibody between groups. The prevalence of aPL positive results was 8 out of 54 (14.8%) in the study group and 3 out of 68 (4.41%) in the controls. In the RM subgroup, the prevalence was 3 out of 25 (12%) versus 3 out of 68 (4.4%), and 7 out of 34 (20.6%) versus 3 out of 68 (4.4%) in UFL subgroup. As a whole, the prevalence of anti-beta(2)GP1-ab in the RM/UFL group showed a difference compared with controls but not aPS-ab. In the RM women, anti-beta(2)GP1-ab was positive in 3 out of 25 (12%) versus 1 out of 68 (1.5%) in controls and in 4 out of 34 versus 0 out of 68 cases in women with UFL. In the RM subgroup, aPS-ab was positive in 1 out of 25 (4%) versus 2 out of 68 (2.9%) in control group and in 3 out of 34 versus 2 out of 68 cases in women with UFL. Our results suggest that anti-beta(2)GP1-ab but not aPS-ab is related to RM/UFL and should be considered as a pregnancy-loss risk factor.