Platońskie podłoże językowe Księgi Rodzaju 1-2 w wersji Septuaginty? Wstępna próba rewizji pewnej teorii (Platonic pattern of the phraseology of Genesis 1-2 LXX revisited), USS 19 (2021), 121-141 (original) (raw)
2021, U schyłku starożytności. Studia źródłoznawcze
In 1994 Martin Rösel tried to demonstrate the influence of Platonic phraseology on the Greek text of the opening chapters of Genesis (LXX Genesis 1–11, Rösel: Übersetzung als Vollendung des Auslegung). The paper attempts to take up anew the question of the possible hints of Platonic language in Genesis 1–2 LXX. The author argues that at least three examples already pointed out by Rösel seem to be best explained as the adaptation of the phraseology of Plato indeed (Gen 1.2: ἀόρατος καὶ ἀκατασκεύαστος – Plat. Tim. 50d–51a: ἂν παρεσκευασμένον εὖ / ἀνόρατον εἶδός τι καὶ ἄμορφον; Gen 1.4f ὅτι καλόν; Plat., Tim. 28a, 29a: καλὸν ἐξ ἀνάγκης, καλός ἐστιν ὅδε ὁ κόσμος; Gen 1.26–27: κατ᾽ εἰκόνα … καθ᾽ ὁμοίωσιν [θεοῦ]; Plat. Tim. 39B: εἰκόνα τινὸς εἶναι, Plat. Theaet. 176b: ὁμοίωσις θεῷ). He adds, however, two further possible instances of such phraseological influence (Gen 1.1: ἐποίησεν ὁ θεός – Plat. Tim. 31a: ἐποίησεν ὁ ποιῶν, Gen 2.24: δύο εἰς … μίαν – Plat. Symp. 191d: ἓν ἐκ δυοῖν). It seems reasonable to argue that the translators of Septuagint consciously applied Platonic phraseology, which they borrowed from the cosmological imaginary (especially from Timaeus), as the best Greek equivalent of certain Hebrew expressions. Possible linguistic borrowing however did not necessarily mean, as Rösel believed, any serious “implementation” of Platonic doctrine into the Biblical text, maybe except the idea of original complementarity of man and woman in Gen 2.24 (cf. Symp. 192e) virtually absent in the Hebrew version.
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