INFLUENCING A PARTNER TO USE A CONDOM A College Student Perspective (original) (raw)
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Condom Negotiation Strategy Use and Effectiveness among College Students
Journal of Sex Research, 2012
College students may engage in risky sexual behaviors, such as inconsistent condom use, which increase their risk of sexually transmitted infections. This study examined the association between six condom influence strategies (CIS) and reported condom use among a diverse group of college students. Differences in CIS and condom use were examined by gender, race or ethnicity, and relationship status (casual, monogamous, or no current relationship). The study also used a cluster analysis to investigate how the CIS were used relative to one another, and how patterns of CIS use were related to condom use. Results showed interesting differences in CIS use by gender, race or ethnicity, and relationship status. Four patterns of CIS usage emerged, and results suggested that using all CIS frequently and using more assertive CIS may be particularly important for increased condom use. Men reported more condom use than women overall, but results indicated that using CIS were especially vital for increasing condom use for women. Surprisingly, there were no differences in condom use found for race or ethnicity and relationship type. Programs aimed at increasing students' condom use could benefit from promoting and practicing CIS, and recognizing potential differences among demographic groups.
Sex Roles, 2010
We examined effects of proposer gender and condom negotiation strategy on perceptions of condom proposers in undergraduates in the southwestern regions of the US. Using a video manipulation (N = 150), a female proposer was evaluated no more harshly than a male proposer, and was evaluated more positively in some ways. In a vignette manipulation (N = 193) a female proposer using an Eroticization negotiation strategy (compared to Refusal of sex or Explanation of consequences) was seen as more exciting and likely to engage in sex. Surprisingly, women were harsher judges than men of a female condom proposer using an Eroticization strategy. Greater attention should be paid to the nature of condom negotiation within the framework of the sexual script.
The Role of Social Desirability in Self-Reported Condom Use Attitudes and Intentions
1998
This paper reports the findings from two studies which examined the tendency of sexuallyactive college students to provide socially desirable (i.e., positively biased) responses to questions concerning condom use. The first study found that while female attitudes toward condom use and intentions to use a condom were not associated with social desirability, such attitudes and intentions were significantly related to two measures of impression management for males. The second study attempted to identify conditions under which the relationship between condom use responses and impression management might be attenuated. Specifically, we tested whether participants would report more negative attitudes toward using condoms, and weaker behavioral intentions, when questionnaire instructions emphasized (1) participant anonymity, (2) the scientific importance of obtaining accurate responses, or (3) a combination of these two instructional sets. Results suggest that, compared to a noinstruction control group, self-reported male attitude toward and intention regarding condom use become more negative when anonymity is stressed. Female responses were unaffected by any of the instruction sets compared to the control group. The two studies provide converging evidence that college males positively bias their responses to questions regarding condom use, and suggest the need for further research on the attenuation of such misrepresentation.
A home-practice intervention for increasing condom use among university undergraduates
International Journal of STD & AIDS, 2020
The consistently high rate of sexually transmitted infections among people 18–24 years old warrants novel strategies promoting condom use among large segments of this population. Ample opportunity exits to employ such strategies in university settings. This study evaluated a sex-positive, home-practice intervention designed to promote condom use among university undergraduates engaging in penile–vaginal intercourse (PVI). A sample of 29 opposite-sex undergraduate couples, engaging in PVI, was recruited from a large university. After teaching couples about condom use, a health educator helped couples select condoms/lubricants from options comprising various sizes, fits, shapes, textures, and other features. A 30-day ‘homework assignment’ was made to use these products while reducing condom use errors/problems and enhancing sexual pleasure. A repeated measures design, with a six-month observation period, was used to evaluate the program. Over the six-month period, the mean frequency o...
Correlates of Condom Negotiation Intent: The Case of Jimma University Undergraduates⃰
The study attempted to assess the relationship between condom communication variables and intention to negotiate condom use. Using structured questionnaire and FGDs, the investigator gathered data from 378 randomly selected and 25 discussants that were selected through snowball sampling respectively, from Jimma University undergraduates. Multiple regressions and content analysis were used to analyze the survey and the qualitative data respectively. The analyses indicated significant association between condom communication variables and intention to negotiate condom use. TPB's (Theory of planned behavior) original predictor variables jointly explained 30% variance on the dependent variable. Regression analyses showed that students' attitude towards discussing condom use and condom communication self-efficacy uniquely predicted intention to negotiate condom use. Further, 'verbal condom negotiation strategies' and 'giving great value to life and health', which have been developed from the qualitative data, significantly predicted intention to negotiate condom use, contributing a further 13.8 % over and above TPB's original predictor variables. The study concluded that intention to negotiate condom use is dependent on 'attitude towards discussing condom use, condom communication self-efficacy, giving great value to life and health, and verbal condom negotiation strategies. The study recommends programs that foster safer sex in college context to emphasize these variables, in participatory manner where target groups are encouraged to discuss openly, to develop their communication abilities, to appreciate their life and health, and to enhance their use of condom negotiation strategies. Furthermore, the study recommends more research on prevailing discourses of HIV/AIDS and sexuality on college students.
International Journal of Std & Aids, 2020
Female and male condoms are the only methods that prevent both sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, and unintended pregnancy. Despite continuing high STI rates, few studies investigate factors predicting whether women initiating female condom (FC) use sustain use. Using data from a randomized trial, we examined predictors of sustained FC use at five-month follow-up (FU2) among female university students in South Africa who participated in either a one-session, information-only, group-delivered Minimal Intervention or a two-session, group-delivered Enhanced Intervention. In the final multiple logistic regression model, believing one's partner holds positive attitudes toward the FC (aOR ¼ 1.40; p ¼ 0.028), and greater FC use for vaginal sex at previous assessment (aOR) ¼ 1.19; p ¼ 0.008) were associated with greater odds of FC use at FU2. Excluding number of FCprotected occasions at FU1 from the analysis, discussing FC use with partner (aOR ¼ 2.89; p ¼ 0.071) and believing one's partner holds positive attitudes toward the FC (aOR ¼ 1.63; p < 0.001) were associated with greater odds of use at FU2. The FC empowers women to protect themselves from both STIs and unintended pregnancy, but targeted interventions are needed to address men's negative attitudes toward the device. Engaging men as FC champions to support and promote FC use, along with marketing campaigns targeted to men, may expand FC coverage and enhance uptake.
Health Communication, 2014
Cialdini’s (1984) principles of influence were employed to inform the decision-making pro- cess with respect to using condoms during casual sex. In the current study, focus groups (n = 9) were conducted to understand the relationship between the six principles of influence (authority, consistency, liking, reciprocity, scarcity, and social proof) and condom use in casual sex relationships. Results revealed that authority, consistency, and social proof were endorsed often as influencing condom use. Gender differences in the endorsement of the principles were also observed. The results speak to how these principles of influence aide the condom deci- sion-making process during these often spontaneous sexual encounters and are discussed with an emphasis on the theoretical and practical implications for using these principles in future health campaigns.
WOMEN, MEN, AND CONDOMS Attitudes and Experiences of Heterosexual College Students
Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1992
Little is known concerning gender and ethnic differences in attitudes about condoms or about the impact of attitudes on condom use. College students ( N = 393) rated many features of condoms. Overall, students were mildly positive about condoms, believing they offer effective protection but detract from sexual sensation. Both past condom use and future intentions to use condoms were higher among students with more favorable global attitudes toward condoms and more favorable specific beliefs about the interpersonal dynamics of condom use. Future intentions to use condoms were also associated with greater worry about sexually transmitted diseases and fewer previous sexual partners. Women were more favorable toward condoms than men. Gender differences also emerged in the predictors of condom use. Implications for assessing condom attitudes and for increasing condom use among young heterosexuals are discussed.
Sexual Health, 2011
Background: The purpose of this study was to develop an abbreviated reliable tool for assessing the attitudes US college-aged men and women have about condoms and condom use. Method: An online questionnaire was constructed and completed by 674 participants incorporating modified items from the Attitudes Towards Condom Scale (1984) and the Multidimensional Condom Attitude Scale (1994), with the addition of gender-neutral worded and condom positive or erotic items. Results: The original 40 items were reduced to 18 Likert-type items comprising the Brief Condom Attitude Scale (BCAS). Gender comparisons on a subset of 584 self-identified heterosexual participants indicated that women were significantly more likely to consider condoms as less protective, while men were significantly more likely to consider condoms as more interruptive. Additional analyses examining partnership indicated that monogamous participants were significantly more likely to view condoms as less interruptive, more erotic and less negative than non-monogamous participants. Conclusions: The BCAS appears to be a reliable measure for assessing US college-aged individuals' attitudes about condoms.
Reactions of Heterosexual African American Men to Women's Condom Negotiation Strategies
Journal of Sex Research, 2010
This study describes responses of 172 single heterosexual African American men, ages 18-35, to condom negotiation attempts. Strategies used included reward, coercive, legitimate, expert, referent, and informational strategies, based on Raven's (1992) influence model. The purpose was: 1) to identify strategies influencing participant acquiescence to request, and 2) to identify predictors of participant compliance/refusal to comply with negotiation attempts. Participants viewed six videotape segments showing an actress, portrayed in silhouette, speaking to the viewer as a 'steady partner'. After each segment, participants completed measures of: request compliance, positive and negative affect, and attributions concerning the model and themselves. No significant differences were found in men's ratings across all vignettes. However, differences in response existed across subgroups of individuals, suggesting that while the strategy used had little impact on participant response, the act of suggesting condom use produced responses that differed across participant subgroups. Subgroups differed on levels of AIDS risk knowledge, STD history, and experience with sexual coercion. Also, the "least-willing-to-use" subgroup was highest in anger/rejection and least likely to make attributions of caring for partner. Effective negotiation of condom use with a male sexual partner may not be determined as much by specific strategy used as by partner characteristics.