Opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasites in HIV/ AIDS patients in relation to their clinical and epidemiological status in a specialized medical service in Goiás, Brazil (original) (raw)
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2015
Enteric parasitic infections are important issues on public health, mainly when they are associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The objective of this study was to understand the prevalence and the risk factors associated with enteric parasites among HIV-positive patients who were attending at the single specialized assistance health service in HIV/AIDS in Pelotas, a city in southern Brazil. Out of 273 patients who were interviewed in this study, 19.8% had enteric parasites, and the most frequent pathogens were Trichuris trichiura, Giardia lamblia and Ascaris lumbricoides. The prevalence of opportunistic enteric parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Cystoisospora belli and Strongyloides stercoralis) was low; and it was 1.9% and 2.4%, respectively, among who were and were not undergoing antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This difference was not statistically significant. People in socially vulnerable conditions, who had domestic animals and were not undergoing HAART, would ha...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a cohort of HIVinfected patients from Antioquia, Colombia
Biomédica, 2021
Introduction: HIV infection is still a public health problem worldwide and co-infections with other infectious agents including intestinal parasites are of particular concern, mainly in developing countries like Colombia.Objective: To conduct a cross-sectional study in patients attending an HIV care program in Antioquia given that there have been few intestinal parasites prevalence studies among the HIV population in the country.Material and methods: We evaluated stool samples from 192 patients by direct wet mount and concentration, modified Ziehl Neelsen staining, and agar plate culture. Univariate and correlation analyses were done to explore the association between socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and parasitological data.Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV-positive subjects was 29.2% (56/192; 95% CI: 22.8% - 35.6%). Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkosvkii with 13.0% (25/192; 95% CI: 8.2% - 17.8%) and Blastocystis with 12.0% (23/192; 95% ...
Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Adult Living with Hiv in Cochabamba Bolivia
2020
Background: Thanks to the widespread use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is becoming a chronic manageable disease. In low resources settings where ART is available, but not widely, opportunistic infections such as parasites diseases remain common. These conditions represent a public health problem in the world due to the high prevalence in developing countries and particularly for patients with HIV/AIDS. To date there have been no systematic study on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV) in Bolivia. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of intestinal parasitic infections in PLWHIV who attended routine controls at the reference center for HIV control and prevention in Cochabamba (CDVIR) between January 2011 and December 2015. Methods: Ethical approval was obtained prior to the commencement of this study from the Ethics Committees of the Department of Cochabamba-Bolivia and the Universidad Mayo...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND HIV infection is the most disastrous and invariably fatal disease. Its devastating effect is due to its relentless and eventually complete destruction of the immune system. As a result, people infected with HIV die not due to the virus itself, but rather due to plethora of opportunistic infections that characterize AIDS. Intestinal parasitic infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with HIV in which Diarrhoea is one of the most common clinical presentations. 1 With this background, a prospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV seropositive patients attending an Integrated Counselling Testing Centre (ICTC) of a tertiary care hospital. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care multispecialty teaching hospital for a period of one year. Stool specimens of 250 HIV seropositive patients above 18 years of age and belonging to all genders, were screened for intestinal parasites in the present study. The stool specimens submitted were processed using direct wet mounts, concentration technique of formol ether, sedimentation and saturated common salt solution, and permanent staining techniques using Modified Acid-Fast staining, Trichrome staining and Modified Trichrome staining methods. RESULTS The prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV seropositive patients was found to be 27.6% (69/250). Protozoan parasites were predominant and were detected in 81.15% (56/69), followed by intestinal helminths in 11.59% (8/69) and coccidian parasites in 7.24% (5/69). CONCLUSIONS Intestinal parasites are a common source of infection in HIV seropositive patients. These patients are a threat not only to themselves but also to others in the community as well. Hence routine screening of all HIV seropositive patients is a must in order to prevent and reduce morbidity and mortality in the community.
2017
Introduction Increased evidence suggests intestinal parasite infections, one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, increase the acquisition and progression of AIDS. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and intestinal parasite co-infections, the relationship to the degree of immunosuppression and the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS) on patients treated at 1° de Maio Health Centre in Maputo, Mozambique. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to August 2016. A total of 517 stool samples from 371 (71.8%) HIV infected and 146 (28.2%) HIV uninfected patients were examined for the presence of parasites using direct wet mount, Ritchie and modified Ziehl Neelsen techniques. A subsample of 201 stools from HIV infected patients was processed for coproantigens for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. Results Overall, 148 (28.6%) of the individuals were infe...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites among HIV patients at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
Pan African Medical Journal, 2014
Introduction: Intestinal parasites are more common in people with HIV, especially in tropical developing countries. This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites among people with HIV at the Yaoundé Central Hospital Accredited Treatment Centre. Methods: Structured questionnaires were used to collect clinical information after obtaining consent from the participants. Stool samples were collected from 207 HIV-positive patients for the investigation of intestinal pathogens using direct microscopy, formalin-ether concentration, ZiehlNeelsen modified and Kato-Katz methods. Data was analyzed using Epi-info version 3.4.1. and Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Results: A total of 207 people were recruited. Eighty (38.65%) were male and 127 (61.35%) were female. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infections was 57.48% (119/207). The parasites detected in our study population included Entamoeba coli (22.68%), Ascaris lumbricoïdes (22.68%), Entamoeba histolytica(15.93%), Cryptosporidium spp (12.60%), Isospora belli (10.08%), Trichuris trichiura (7.60%), Strongyloïdesstercoralis (5.88%), Ancylostomaduodenale and Necatoramericanus (2.52%). Conclusion: At the end of our study, it appears that intestinal parasites still occupy an important place among HIV-positive patients.
Enteric parasites in HIV/AIDS patients: Study of the prevalence and risk factors
HIV/AIDS ranks amongst the most dreaded diseases afflicting mankind, causing dysfunction of the immune system, resulting in overwhelming and fatal opportunistic infections. Diarrhoea is the most common presenting symptom in HIV positive patients and etiological agents are highly variable depending on various risk factors: contaminated drinking water, using public toilets etc.