A Brief History of The Journal of General Physiology (original) (raw)
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Living History of Physiology: Carl Gans
AJP: Advances in Physiology Education, 2006
In 2005, The American Physiological Society initiated The Living History of Physiology Project to recognize senior members who have made extraordinary contributions during their career to the advancement of the discipline and profession of physiology. Each Eminent Physiologist will be interviewed for archival purposes, and the video tape will be available from the American Physiological Society Headquarters. In addition, a biographical profile of the recipient will be published in Advances in Physiology Education.
Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Experimental Practice in Medicine and the Life Sciences
Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 2005
The aim of this paper is to discuss a key question in the history and philosophy of medicine, namely how scholars should treat the practices and experimental hypotheses of modern life science laboratories. The paper seeks to introduce some prominent historiographical methods and theoretical approaches associated with biomedical research. Although medical scientists need no convincing that experimentation has a significant function in their laboratory work, historians, philosophers, and sociologists long neglected its importance when examining changes in medical theories or progress in scientific knowledge. The reason appears to have been the academic influence of the then dominant tradition in the history of ideas, but was also due to a misconception of what could usefully be termed the view on "historical ontology." During the last two decades, there have been many books and research articles that have turned towards the subject, so that the study of experimental practice has become a major trend in the contemporary history and philosophy of medicine. A closer look at the issue of laboratory research shows that concepts in medicine and the life sciences cannot be understood as historically constant, free-standing ideas, but have to be regarded as dependent on local research settings. They often carry particular "social memories" with them and thus acquire important ethical implications.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1984
An experimenter facing natural phenomena is like a spectator watching a dumb show. He is in some sort the examining magistrate for nature; only instead of grappling with men who seek to deceive him by lying confessions or false witness, he is dealing with natural phenomena which for him are persons whose language and customs he does not know, persons living in the midst of circumstances unknown to him, yet persons whose designs he wishes to learn.... He observes their actions, their gait, their behavior, and he seeks to disengage their cause by means of various attempts, called experiments. (Bernard, 1865, p. 31) Inbedding his words unobtrusively near the conclusion of An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine, Claude Bernard wrote, "In publishing a simple essay on the principles of scientific medicine, my idea is to be of some use to medicine" (p. 200). To say he was successful would be a hyperbolic understatement. Bernard's Experimental Medicine laid the foundation for 20th-century physiol-'Translated from the French (1865) by Henry C.
Shaping biomedical objects across history and philosophy: A conversation with Hans-Jorg Rheinberger
Dynamis (Granada, Spain)
Historical epistemology, according to the historian of science Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, is a space through which «to take experimental laboratory work into the realm of philosophy». This key concept, together with the crucial events and challenges of his career, were discussed in a public conversation which took place on the occasion of Rheinberger's retirement. By making sense of natural phenomena in the laboratory, the act of experimenting shapes the object; it is this shaping which became the core of Rheinberger's own research across biology and philosophy into history. For his intellectual agenda, a history of the life sciences so constructed became «epistemologically demanding».