Factors associated with the delay in seeking legal abortion for pregnancy resulting from rape (original) (raw)
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Factors associated to late-term abortion after rape: literature review
Reprodução & Climatério, 2014
Introduction: the risk factors for unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases after the forced and unprotected sex are well known. Objective: we aimed to investigate direct and indirect factors associated to the late-term abortion after rape. Method: a search was performed in Medline, SciELO, LILACS and The Cochrane Library using the intersection between the keywords "rape or sex offenses", "pregnancy", "abortion", including indexed articles published between 2009 and 2014. Results: the selected studies demonstrated that it lacks in the literature studies which analyze factors directly related to late-term abortion in cases of rape, only indirect aspects. Conclusion: indirect evidences showed how different policies and proceedings can contribute to avoid a late-term and unsafe abortion: sexuality and reproductive health education, ending rape impunity and decriminalizing abortion, improving access to safe early abortions by removing unnecessary legal and regulatory restrictions, exchanging information to optimize processes and procedures, prioritizing the interests of the victim, better enabling teams in health services, and the prevention of pregnancy and STI, including HIV infection.
Abortion withdrawal of sexual violence pregnancy: the role of the sex offender
2020
Introduction: Unwanted pregnancy is a serious consequence for women who experience sexual violence. Although deciding on abortion is frequent in these cases, there is not much information on women who give up abortion in this circumstance. Objective: To analyse the associated factors in abortion withdrawal of sexual violence pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study with a convenience sample of adolescents and women with pregnancy due to sexual violence and requesting legal abortion between August 1994 and December 2012, at Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil. Pregnant women who gave up abortion after receiving the procedure approval were included and, in another group, pregnant women who completed the abortion. The variables were selected from a digitized database and analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software. The outcome was abortion withdrawal. The study variables were age; low education level; gestational age; color/black ethnicity; not being united; declare re...
Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, 2015
Aim: To define the profile of women undergoing pregnancy termination in the Legal Abortion program, in the Federal District. Method: A descriptive, exploratory and documental study that defines the profile of women and adolescents between 2007 and 2013. Results: Of the 81 women who interrupted pregnancy due to extra or intra-familial sexual violence, the majority were adolescents and young adult women with gestational age up to 12 weeks. Discussion: There are few publications on this topic in Brazil. The survey reveals that 7.4% of gestational interruptions diverge from the prescribed protocol in the Technical Standard.
P2-504 Abortion and sexual violence: the vulnerability's context among youth women
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2011
Results A total of 2645 women took part. 117 women reported childhood sexual abuse before age 15 years, a prevalence of 6.0% (95% CI 0.05% to 0.07%). The abuse occurred mainly between ages 12 and 15 years. The majority of violence abusers were aged 30e39 years and were male in 94.5% of the cases. Family members were responsible for the majority of abuse (43.6%, family friends 12.4%, strangers 10.2% and other persons 10.2%). A first occurrence of sexual occurrence age <15 years was reported by 203 women, of which 60.1% declared that it was forced (p<0.001). A higher percentage (64.7%) of women were abused once or twice, compared to few times (18.7%) and many times (16.6%). When the father was the perpetrator, the violence occurred many a few or many times. Conclusions The prevalence of child sexual abuse among women is considerable in Brazil. The participation of family members and the severity of the violence is notable. Patterns of abuse by the father suggest recurrent and regular abuse. Further studies about factors associated with this issue are needed.
Human Reproduction Archives, 2018
Objectives: To analyze cases of pregnancy resulting from intrafamily and extrafamily sexual violence against children and adolescents. Methods: Transversal study with 531 children and adolescents between 10 and 18 years old and attended at the Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo,Brazil, from 1994 through 2014, alleging pregnancy due to sexual abuse. The statistical analysis was carried out by the Pearson's chi-square test and the 95% Confidence Interval. Results: There were 401 pregnancy cases resulting from extrafamily and 130 intrafamily sexual abuses. In the extrafamily the approach in public spaces was significantly more frequent(73.5%) through physical violence/ threats(71.5%); spontaneous search for care(6.2%); gestational age ≤ 12 weeks(48.4%); abortion withdrawal(6.5%),and non-approval of the abortion due to early or post gestation as regards the rape(25.8%). In the intrafamily the arrival at the reference care unit after 22 weeks of gestational age was the main issue(19.2%), which was the impending factor for non-abortion. conclusions: In the intrafamily pregnancy cases resulting from sexual abuse, it were noted indicators suggesting that the child and the adolescent's vulnerability and their close relationship with the author imply in the late arrival at the health care unit, thus negatively interfering in the assistance to the legal abortion allowed by the Brazilian legislation.
Reproductive Health Matters, 2014
In Brazil, to have a legal abortion in the case of rape, the woman's statement that rape has occurred is considered sufficient to guarantee the right to abortion. The aim of this study was to understand the practice and opinions about providing abortion in the case of rape among obstetricians-gynecologists (OBGYNs) in Brazil. A mixed-method study was conducted from April to July 2012 with 1,690 OBGYNs who responded to a structured, electronic, self-completed questionnaire. In the quantitative phase, 81.6% of the physicians required police reports or judicial authorization to guarantee the care requested. In-depth telephone interviews with 50 of these physicians showed that they frequently tested women's rape claim by making them repeat their story to several health professionals; 43.5% of these claimed conscientious objection when they were uncertain whether the woman was telling the truth. The moral environment of illegal abortion alters the purpose of listening to a patient − from providing care to passing judgement on her. The data suggest that women's access to legal abortion is being blocked by these barriers in spite of the law. We recommend that FEBRASGO and the Ministry of Health work together to clarify to physicians that a woman's statement that rape occurred should allow her to access a legal abortion.
Factors Associated with Abortion in Women of Reproductive Age
Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, 2016
Purpose To verify sociodemographic factors associated with the occurrence of abortion in women of reproductive age, in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy (FHS), a program from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Methods A cross-sectional study using household surveys of 350 women aged 15 to 49. The report of abortion was a variable indicator, and sociodemographic aspects were covariables. Prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals were used to estimate the magnitude of the associations. Results There were associations among age, civil status, race/color, and religion; an increase in the prevalence of lower levels of education, age less than 20, and student status were protective factors. Conclusion The association between sociodemographic characteristics and the report of abortion is attributed to the fact that there is a lack at the FHS in the availability of fundamental healthcare services for young women; these findings call for action to guarantee the a...
Medicina
Background and Objectives: In pregnancies resulting from incest, the adolescent maintains close family and emotional relations with the aggressor, different from what occurs when pregnancy results from sexual violence by strangers. Evidence indicates that this type of relationship with the aggressor may interfere in the dynamics of such violence and the adolescent’s access to health services. Materials and Methods: The objective of this research was to describe and correlate aspects associated with pregnancy when resulting from rape of adolescents in situations of incest; rape when perpetrated by an unknown aggressor and an abortion as allowed by law was sought. Method: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study of adolescents treated at the Pérola Byington Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil, bringing an allegation of pregnancy, resulting from sexual violence and a request for abortion as allowed by law. A total of 311 adolescents, being 134 in the “pregnancy from incest group”, and 174 in t...
4 instructor at the Morphology Department and Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences at the Federal University of rio grande do norte (UFrn) in natal, rn, Brazil. 5 instructor at the Psychology Department, Human Sciences, literature and arts center at the Federal University of rio grande do norte (UFrn) in natal, rn, Brazil. 6 Master of Psychology, teaching Psychologist, Human Sciences, literature and arts center at the Federal University of rio grande do norte (UFrn) in natal, rn, Brazil. Objective: to analyze women's perception in relation to their partner's reaction and behavior during the abortion process in two Brazilian capitals, associating the variables from women who suffered a spontaneous abortion with those from women who induced it. Methods: semi-structured, questionnaire-based interviews were conducted with 285 women who underwent spontaneous abortion and 31 who reported having induced it. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique, and, subsequently, by the IBM SPSS Statistics Standard Edition software program. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: in both capitals, the women who induced an abortion referred to the partner as the person who could not find out about the abortion (p<0.01 in Natal; p = 0.02 in São Paulo-SP) and, simultaneously, as the one who could have avoided it (p < 0.01 in Natal; p = 0.03 in São Paulo). In Natal-RN, induced abortion was associated with the partner's absence at the time pregnancy was confirmed (p = 0.02) and, in Sao Paulo-SP, with their negative reaction to news of the pregnancy (p = 0.04) and lack of participation in the abortion process (p < 0.01). Conclusion: despite having achieved independence, women still regard male participation in the abortion process as an important factor. The specifics of each capital denote the influence of the geographic and cultural dimension, indicating the need to take into account the particulars of each region in Brazil while considering a holistic approach to women's health.