Assessment of Relationship between Pain and Anxiety Following Dental Extraction—A Prospective Study (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Pain and Anxiety Levels of Tooth Extraction
International Journal of Academic Medicine and Pharmacy
The anxiety observed in patients before and during dental treatments is defined as a complex behavior pattern related to physiological activation against internal or external stimuli. Anxiety formation is common before dental treatments, especially before tooth extraction. In this study, we were aimed to evaluate the anxiety, preoperative / postoperative pain levels and the relationship of various variables (age, smoking, etc.) with tooth extraction, which is one of the most basic procedures of oral and maxillofacial surgery. During the study process, 982 patients applied, 312 patients were identified according to the inclusion criteria, and the study was conducted with 210 patients who volunteered to participate in the study. There were significant differences between the groups in terms of marital status, educational status, history of previous tooth extraction and tooth brushing frequency (p <0.05). The level of anxiety increases towards posterior teeth (mean: 37.38 ± 7.40 for anterior teeth, mean: 44.40 ± 10.43 for molar teeth with complications). When the VAS scores were examined, the pain increased significantly from the anterior teeth to the posterior teeth (r: 0.568, p <0.05). There were statistically significant differences in terms of Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) total scores when the groups that had tooth extraction were compared. Although smoking causes an increase in the incidence of alveolar osteitis, it has been observed that it causes less pain (low VAS score) in patients who undergo tooth extraction.
British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2014
Our aim was to analyse the amount of anxiety and fear felt before, immediately after, and one week after, dental extraction. We studied 70 patients (35 men and 35 women (mean (SD) age 43 (±10) years), who were listed for dental extraction under local anaesthesia in a private clinic that specialised in oral surgery. Patients were evaluated on 3 consecutive occasions: immediately preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 7 days later. Each patient's anxiety was measured using Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spanish version), the Modified Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and the Dental Fear Survey. There were significant differences in the STAI-Trait scale between before and 7 days after extraction (p = 0.04), and in the MDAS between before and immediately after extraction (p = 0.02), and between immediately after and 7 days after extraction (p = <0.001). The DFS also differed between before and immediately after extraction (p = 0.002), and between immediately and 7 days after extraction (p < 0.001). Dental anxiety immediately after tooth extraction may be influenced by operative techniques (type of anaesthesia, duration of operation, or position of tooth extracted), but anxiety at 7 days after extraction is not.
Validation of Modified Dental Anxiety Scale for Dental Extraction Procedure (MDAS-DEP)
The Open Dentistry Journal, 2019
Background: Dental anxiety remains a common problem encountered amongst those who are going to have a dental extraction procedure. Objective: The objective of the current study was to test the validity and reliability of the modified dental anxiety scale for dental extraction procedure (MDAS-DEP). Methods: The current study was conducted by using a cross-sectional survey method on one hundred and thirty-two (69 female; 63 male) participants who were about to go through the dental extraction procedure. A modified version of the MDAS was used in the current study. The questions of the original MDAS were replaced by specific questions about the dental extraction procedure, accompanied by five Likert-type answers. Reliability was measured by referring to the Cronbach’s alpha value whilst construct validity was measured by using Pearson’s correlation. Results: The analysis of the current study showed a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.822 Whilst the Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed tha...
Anxiety and Pain Measures in Dentistry: A Guide to Their Quality and Application
The Journal of the American Dental Association, 2000
Background. The authors review measures of anxiety and pain used in recent dental studies. In particular, the study identifies the reliability, validity and usefulness of the measures. Type of Studies Reviewed. Three computerized databases of published scientific literature were searched over a 10-year period. Only studies that included measures of anxiety or pain were included. Results. Information on the reliability and validity of 15 measures of dental care anxiety and three measures of pain and pain-related behaviors is provided. Reliability and validity data for most measures are good. Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale is the most widely used measure of anxiety, although it may not be as sensitive as other measures. The McGill Pain Questionnaire is the measure of choice for the assessment of pain. Clinical Implications. The authors have summarized properties of the scales for clinicians and researchers planning to use measures of anxiety, measures of pain, or both.
BioMed Research International, 2021
Background. The aim of the present study is to compare the dental anxiety levels between two outpatient clinics. Methods. Two hundred and seventy patients treated in two different clinics of minor oral surgery and dental extraction polyclinic in the Dental Faculty of Eskisehir Osmangazi University were included in the study. The impacted third molar surgery group and conventional dental extraction group consisted of 101 and 169 patients, respectively. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Dental Fear Scale (DFS) were used to measure anxiety levels in patients treated in both clinics. Tests were made in an isolated room preoperatively. The differences in anxiety levels according to education status and gender were also evaluated. Results. The impacted third molar surgery group showed a significant increase in dental anxiety measured with DFS questionnaire ( p < 0.05 ). However, MDAS revealed that there was no difference between anxiety levels between the impacted third mola...
Anxiety Sensitivity as a Predictor of Anxiety and Pain Related to Third Molar Removal
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2010
Purpose: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) refers to the fear of anxiety-related symptoms resulting from beliefs that such sensations have negative somatic, social, or psychological consequences. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether AS can predict both anticipated and experienced pain and state and trait anxiety related to third molar removal. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 160 patients who had completed measures of anxiety sensitivity, including the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, the short form of the Fear of Dental Pain questionnaire, the short form of the Dental Anxiety Inventory, and numeric rating scales to assess the anticipated anxiety and pain. Postoperatively, patients were asked to rate their experienced anxiety and pain during treatment, first immediately after surgery and again after 2 days and after 1 week. Results: AS was significantly associated with the severity of dental trait anxiety. However, multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that AS did not significantly predict anticipated and experienced anxiety and pain beyond that of state anxiety and fear of dental pain. State anxiety was the single best predictor of trait anxiety and pain, followed by the fear of dental pain. Conclusions: In the present study, AS did not predict anxiety and pain related to third molar removal. One possible explanation is that most measures were taken postoperatively, a period in which anticipatory anxiety is irrelevant.
Analysis of Level of Anxiety and Fear Before and After Endodontic Treatment
2016
Dental anxiety is defined as patient’s specific reaction towards stress related to the dental treatment in which the stimulus is unknown, vague or not present at that moment [1,2]. It is a widespread problem that persists despite the scientific advances that made dentistry less painful [3-5]. Depending on the population and the measurement technique, 2.5-20% people suffer high dental anxiety [6,7]. It has been evaluated that around 80% of the Americans were ranked highly anxious regarding dental treatment and 5-14% of them were ranked severe anxious [8]. Research studies reported that dental anxiety is more common in women [2,8-10]. Recognition of a patient’s dental anxiety helps in provision of the vital information for a dental surgeon in shaping up a patient-dentist relationship [11]. Dental anxiety and fear appears to vary according to type of treatment. Periodontal or endodontic treatments have been shown to cause higher levels of anxiety than restorative or prophylactic treatm...
ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT ANXIETY BEFORE DENTAL TREATMENT
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 2019
Aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of patient anxiety before treatment and to determine patients' perception of the dental treatment risks. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 210 patients (69 males and 141 females) aged 11-70 years in northeastern Romania, who completed Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale, Revised (DAS-R), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Dental Concerns Assessment, Revised (DCA-R). Results. The overall scores of DAS-R indicated high anxiety in 4.3% of patients and severe anxiety or phobia in 2.9% of patients. Overall scores of the MDAS questionnaire indicated 5.2% of very anxious patients and 2.3% of highly anxious or phobic patients with dental treatments. DCA-R indicated high anxiety for injection and extraction. We found statistically significant differences between anxiety levels and age ranges as well as patients' environmental areas (p<0.05). Conclusions. Anxiety to dental practice can affect the quality of treatment and is a serious reason to avoid the dentist office.
Libyan Journal of Medicine, 2014
Background: Studies on anxiety in patients having intra-alveolar extraction as well as the effect of patient's sociodemographic characteristics influencing level of associated anxiety are few in our environment. The aim of this study was to statistically analyze the sociodemographic determinants of dental anxiety in patients scheduled for intra-alveolar extraction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 93 consecutive patients attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Benin Teaching Hospital for intra-alveolar extraction in the months of November and December 2013. An interview-based questionnaire, Corah Dental Anxiety Scale Revised (DAS-R), was administered to evaluate levels of dental anxiety. Sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects were recorded. Descriptive statistics and regression models were done with the independent variables (sociodemographic factors) and the dependent variable being the DAS-R. A PB0.05 was considered significant. Results: The internal consistency of the scale used as determined by Cronbach alpha was 0.76. Mean DAS score was 8.1292.58. Dental anxiety and age of subjects showed significant inverse relationship. Females had a higher mean DAS score (8.76) than the males (7.37) (P00.006). Residence (urban/rural) was not statistically significant. Singles reported the highest DAS score (9.41) (P00.006). The educational level attained was significantly related to dental anxiety (P00.005). Those with secondary school education had the highest DAS score (9.26). Class V social status had the highest mean anxiety score (P00.012). Stepwise linear regression showed that the best predictors for dental anxiety were sex (P00.008) and marital status (P00.026). Conclusion: This present study demonstrates that sex and marital status are the predictive factors for dental anxiety in the overall management of patients indicated for intra-alveolar extraction.
Assessment of Dental Anxiety in Pre and Post Dental Treatment
Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry, 2019
Background: Dental anxiety is an affecting condition that aid normal persons to protect themselves in opposition to multiplicity of threats and pressure. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental anxiety in pre and post dental treatment. Methods: A total of 210 patients were selected who are first and/ or second visited for any dental complain. The selected patients were divided into two groups. Group I: pre-treatment Group II: post-treatment. In pretreatment 42.8 % male and 3.2% female was selected for the study. While 20.9 % male and 23.8 % female were selected for study in post-treatment. Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) is used to assess the anxiety among the study population. Anxiety level is categorized into moderate, high and severe anxiety score. Results: The research found significant results in moderate, high and severe anxiety score in pre treatment group while severe anxiety score was observed in post-treatment group. Significant mean differences were observed...