Effect of Polymeric Matrix Stiffness on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: Concise Review (original) (raw)
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PloS one, 2017
Stem cell fate has been linked to the mechanical properties of their underlying substrate, affecting mechanoreceptors and ultimately leading to downstream biological response. Studies have used polymers to mimic the stiffness of extracellular matrix as well as of individual tissues and shown mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be directed along specific lineages. In this study, we examined the role of stiffness in MSC differentiation to two closely related cell phenotypes: osteoblast and chondrocyte. We prepared four methyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate (MA/MMA) polymer surfaces with elastic moduli ranging from 0.1 MPa to 310 MPa by altering monomer concentration. MSCs were cultured in media without exogenous growth factors and their biological responses were compared to committed chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Both chondrogenic and osteogenic markers were elevated when MSCs were grown on substrates with stiffness <10 MPa. Like chondrocytes, MSCs on lower stiffness substrates showe...
Data in brief, 2018
This article contains data related to the research article entitled "Stiffness memory of indirectly 3D-printed elastomer nanohybrid regulates chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells" [1] (Wu et al., 2018). Cells respond to the local microenvironment in a context dependent fashion and a continuous challenge is to provide a living construct that can adapt to the viscoelasticity changes of surrounding tissues. Several materials are attractive candidates to be used in tissue engineering, but conventional manufactured scaffolds are primarily static models with well-defined and stable stiffness that lack the dynamic biological nature required to undergo changes in substrate elasticity decisive in several cellular processes key during tissue development and wound healing. A family of poly (urea-urethane) (PUU) elastomeric nanohybrid scaffolds (PUU-POSS) with thermoresponsive mechanical properties that soften by reverse self-assembling at body temperature h...
Biomimetics
The hypothesis of the present research is that by altering the substrate topography and/or stiffness to make it biomimetic, we can modulate cells behavior. Substrates with similar surface chemistry and varying stiffnesses and topographies were prepared. Bulk PCL and CNTs-reinforced PCL composites were manufactured by solvent casting method and electrospinning and further processed to obtain tunable moduli of elasticity in the range of few MPa. To ensure the same chemical profile for the substrates, a protein coating was added. Substrate topography and properties were investigated. Further on, the feedback of Wharton’s Jelly Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells to substrates characteristics was investigated. Solvent casting scaffolds displayed superior mechanical properties compared to the corresponding electrospun films. However, the biomimetic fibrous texture of the electrospun substrates induced improved feedback of the cells with respect to their viability and proliferation. Cel...
Biomaterials, 2018
The cellular microenvironment is dynamic, remodeling tissues lifelong. The biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) influence the function and differentiation of stem cells. While conventional artificial matrices or scaffolds for tissue engineering are primarily static models presenting well-defined stiffness, they lack the responsive changes required in dynamic physiological settings. Engineering scaffolds with varying elastic moduli is possible, but often lead to stiffening and chemical crosslinking of the molecular structure with limited control over the scaffold architecture. A family of indirectly 3D printed elastomeric nanohybrid scaffolds with thermoresponsive mechanical properties that soften by reverse self-assembling at body temperature have been developed recently. The initial stiffness and subsequent stiffness relaxation of the scaffolds regulated proliferation and differentiation of human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) towards th...
Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2005
In this study, the osteoinductive and cell-binding properties of three different resorbable polymers were evaluated by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs were isolated, expanded, and cultivated onto resorbable D,D,L,L-polylactide (PLLA), collagen I/III, and polygalactin-910/polydioxanone (PGPD) scaffolds in vitro. To evaluate the influence of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and beta-glycerolphosphate (DAG) on osteoblast differentiation, MSCs were incubated in a DAG-enriched medium. After a 28-day period in vitro, the cellular loaded polymers were digested enzymatically by papain and HCl. The Ca(2+) content of the biomembranes was evaluated by an o-kresolphthalein-complexon reaction via photometer. A PicoGreen assay was performed for dsDNA quantification. Significant differences between the number of adherent MSCs were documented (collagen > PLLA > PGPD). Compared to the initial number of adherent cells, all biomaterials induced a significant decrease in cellular adherence after 28 days in vitro. The presence of DAG-enriched culture medium stimulated the cellular proliferation for PLLA and slightly for PGPD, whereas cell proliferation was inhibited when MSCs were cultivated onto collagen I/III. In comparison with the control groups, all biomaterials (PLLA, PGPD, and collagen I/III) showed a significant increase in local Ca(2+) accumulation under DAG stimulation after 28 days in vitro. Furthermore, collagen I/III and PLLA scaffolds showed osteoinductive properties without DAG stimulation. These results were verified by immunocytochemical stainings against osteoblast-typical markers (osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase) and completed by calcified matrix detection (von Kossa staining). MSCs were identified by CD105 and CD13 antigen expression. Corresponding to an absence of CD34, CD45, and collagen II expression, we found no chondrogenic or hematopoietic cell differentiation. The results indicate significant differences for the proliferation, differentiation, adherence, and Ca(2+) accumulation between the tested polymers in a MSC culture.