A REPORT ON QUANTUM COMPUTING (original) (raw)
Today's computers work on bits that exist as either 0 or 1. Quantum computers aren't limited to two states; they encode information as quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in superposition. Qubits represent atoms, ions, photons or electrons and their respective control devices that are working together to act as computer memory and a processor. Because a quantum computer can contain these multiple states simultaneously, it has the potential to be millions of times more powerful than today's most powerful supercomputers. A processor that can use registers of qubits will be able to perform calculations using all the possible values of the input registers simultaneously. This superposition causes a phenomenon called quantum parallelism, and is the motivating force behind the research being carried out in quantum computing. www.giapjournals.com/ijsrtm/ 628 computer could efficiently solve this problem using Shor's algorithm to find its factors. This ability would allow a quantum computer to decrypt many of the cryptographic systems in use today. In particular, most of the popular public key ciphers are based on the difficulty of factoring integers. These are used to protect secure Web pages, encrypted email, and many other types of data. Breaking these would have significant ramifications for electronic privacy and security. An example of this is a password cracker that attempts to guess the password for an encrypted file (assuming that the password has a maximum possible length).
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