PC BASED SPEED CONTROLLING OF A DC MOTOR (original) (raw)
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Design and Simulation of Speed Control of DC Motor using Chopper
This projects deals with the speed control of separately excited DC motor with a high performance manner. There are four different quadrants operation of DC motor implement .In this project using chopper as a converter, the speed of a DC motor is to be controlled. We simulate the operation of DC motor in open loop as well as closed loop. As speed control is desired in order to get accurate performance of DC motor, the simulation of model will be done and analyzed in MATLAB under varying condition. A closed loop system brings the motor to the speed set by the user irrespective of load.
Modeling, Design and Control of Speed DC Motor using Chopper
FOREX Publication, 2023
An electric motor, a power controller, and an energy-transmitting shaft make up an electrical drive. Power electronics converters are utilized as power controllers in contemporary electrically driven systems. DC actuators and AC drives are the two primary categories of electric drives. This study presents design and modeling techniques for very effective individually stimulated DC motor speed control. A DC motor speed controller can be implemented using a chopper circuit as a converter. The controller transmits a signal into the chopper firing circuit, which in turn generates the desired speed of the chopper by varying the voltage supplied to the motor's armature. One type of controlling loop is the speed controller, and another is the current controller. A proportional-integral controller is used. Eliminating the delay with the aid of this controller makes rapid control possible. It creates a separately stimulated DC motor. A current and speed regulator are built in to give the DC motor high-speed control in a steady condition. Under different speed and torque conditions, the model is simulated and examined in MATLAB (Simulink). Results that are satisfactory are achieved, validating the capacity of the chopper approach to control the speed of a DC motor.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF DIFFERENT CONTROLLERS FOR SPEED CONTROL OF CHOPPER FED DC MOTOR
A bonafide record of research work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance. The candidates have fulfilled all the prescribed requirements. The Thesis which is based on candidates' own work, have not submitted elsewhere for a degree/diploma. In my opinion, the thesis is of standard required for the award of a bachelor of technology degree in Electrical Engineering. Place: Rourkela Dept. of Electrical Engineering Prof. K.B Mohanty National institute of Technology Associate Professor Rourkela-769008 a
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING CHOPPER ABHISHEK KUMAR SINHA (109EE0309
The speed control of separately excited dc motor is carried out by varying the armature voltage for below rated speed and by varying field flux to achieve speed above the rated speed. This thesis presents the speed control methodology by varying armature voltage using chopper by providing control signal to the switches. Speed can be controlled from below and up to rated speed .The firing circuit of chopper receives signal from controller and variable voltage is given to the armature of dc motor according to the desired speed .There are two controllers we are using here one is speed controller and other is current controller. Both controllers are of proportional -integral type .The reason behind using PI type controller is it removes the delay and provide fast control. Now the simulation of model is done and analyzed in MATLAB (Simulink) under varying speed and torque condition
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MACHINE USING CHOPPER
TCRLS, 2020
This project is to regulate the speed of the motor below the base speed. Conventionally armature control method is used with rheostat, but using rheostat causes more losses. So, to regulate the armature voltage the chopper is used instead of the rheostat. The dc machine is separately excited through field winding. The chopper circuit gets signals from the controller and then supplying variable voltage to the armature of motor the desired speed is obtained in the motor. Chopper converts from dc fixed voltage to variable voltage; it can be step up or step down. In an open loop system the output speed may be erroneous; practically the speed of the motor might slightly be less at a predetermined voltage. To rectify this issue, closed loop method is preferred. The error signal is determined from the difference of the actual speed and desired speed. Here PI controller is used, as the proportional term does the job of fast correction and the integral term takes finite time to act and makes the steady state error zero, delay can be removed. In treadmill machine, railway engines (traction), E-bikes, e-bicycles, e-scooters, portable sewing machine, drill machine etc, in which speed control of motor through chopper is practically used. The simulation is done in MATLAB under varying load condition, varying reference speed condition and varying input voltage.
Chopper Fed Speed Control of DC Motor Using PI Controller
The speed of the separately excited DC motor can be controlled from below and above the rated speed by using buck converter. This paper presents the speed control methodology by varying armature voltage of the DC motor. The chopper gives variable voltage to the armature of the motor for achieving desired speed using Proportional Integral (PI) controller. The reason behind using PI controller is it removes the delay and provides fast control. The modeling of separately excited DC motor is done and the complete layout of DC drive mechanism is obtained. The reference signal is compared with triangular carrier signal and to produce the PWM pulses for chopper switch. The simulation model is constructed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulated output parameters of the DC motor such as; armature current, voltage, speed, torque, and field current are analyzed. The results are also verified by constructing an experimental prototype 12V, 24W, DC motor and implementing the Proportional Integral controller in it.
MICROCONTROLLER BASED OPEN-LOOP SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DC MOTOR
This paper presents open loop speed control scheme for the speed control of a permanent magnet DC motor using an AVR Microcontroller. The microcontroller has been programmed to automatically vary the duty cycle of the H-bridge chopper depending upon the set/required speed of the motor. The chopper is driven by a high frequency PWM signal. Controlling the PWM duty cycle is equivalent to controlling the motor terminal voltage, which in turn adjust directly the motor speed. The PC interfacing has been done using serial port (DB9 Connector). Experimental results show that proposed system is suitable for different industrial applications such as trolley buses, subway cars, or battery-operated vehicles. interfacing. A 12V, 300W, 2400 rpm permanent magnet dc motor and 5v, 500mA regulated power supply has been used
Abstract: The presented paper is concerned with the speed controlling of dc motor by using embedded system, which is easy to use and provide us very high accuracy. Here we have compared the different type of techniques which are used to control the speed of DC motor. We have used CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes in system programmable flash AT895S2. The most important advantage of a DC motor is that we can vary the relationship of speed-torque as per our requirement & for that purpose we have use a simple technique which is known as Pulse Width Modulation, which is used to produce low and high pulses. The pulses produce is the cause of changing speed of motor. Therefore to achieve this we have use a microcontroller (AT89S52), which can be programmable to set the speed by changing the time period of duty cycle in the code. Keywords: embedded, microcontroller, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), speed-torque, CMOS.
Speed Control of Dc Motor Using Chopper
Some devices convert electricity into motion but do not generate usable mechanical power as primary objective and so are not generally referred to as electric motors. Most electric motors operate through the interaction of magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate force. The reverse process, producing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is done by generators such as an alternator or a dynamo; some electric motors can also be used as generators, for example, a traction motor on a vehicle may perform both tasks. Electric motors and generators are commonly referred to as electric machines. Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current, e.g., a battery powered portable device or motor vehicle, or by alternating current from a central electrical distribution grid or inverter. The smallest motors may be found in electric wristwatches. Medium-size motors of highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial uses. The very largest electric motors are used for propulsion of ships, pipeline compressors, and water pumps with ratings in the millions of watts. Electric motors may be classified by the source of electric power, by their internal construction, by their application, or by the type of motion they give. The physical principle of production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field was known as early as 1821. Electric motors of increasing efficiency were constructed throughout the 19th century, but commercial exploitation of electric motors on a large scale required efficient electrical generators and electrical distribution networks. The speed of a DC motor can be varied by controlling the field flux, the armature resistance or the terminal voltage applied to the armature circuit. The three most common speed control methods are field resistance control, armature voltage control, and armature resistance control. In this section, modeling procedure of these three methods and feedback control method for DC motor drives for dynamic analysis are presented.