Steel slag as a valuable material for concrete production (original) (raw)
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Beneficial Effects of Steel Slag on Concrete
Global warming and environmental destruction has come forward as a major issue in the recent years. Started alarming in engineers mind, especially in civil engineers mind. Looking forward for finding out the solution of these issues and also the use of more and more environmental-friendly materials in every Industry particularly construction industry is a paramount importance. Civil engineers start thinking about concrete, which is more dominant product to be used by civil engineers to make it environmental friendly. One of its part is natural aggregates which are becoming increasingly scarce, their production and shipment is becoming difficult for us. Concrete mixture contains supplementary cementitious material and admixtures which forms part of the cementitious component. These materials are majority byproducts from other processes, out of all these materials one of the useful byproduct material is Steel slag. Steel slag is previously used as aggregate in hot mix asphalt surface applications, but needs to update for additional work to determine the feasibility of utilizing this industrial by-product more wisely as a replacement for both fine and coarse aggregates in a conventional concrete mixture. The primary aim of study was to evaluate the Fresh, Hardened, Expansive and Durability properties of concrete made with steel slag aggregates. This study presents result of experimental investigations carried out to evaluate effects of replacing aggregate (coarse and fine) with that of slag on various concrete properties. In the present study M35 grade of concrete each having two types of concrete mixes C: S: A, C: S: SS, C: SS: SS (SS is steel slag), and the properties were determined adopting conventional testing procedure. From these results of the study we can say that as the percentage of steel slag as replacement is increased (0% to 55%) the strength of concrete increases. After 55% replacement of Coarse aggregate as steel slag slight decrease in strength is observe, but still it is higher than 0% replacement without any adverse effect on the strength of concrete.
EVALUATION OF STEEL SLAG AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT IN CONCRETE
IRJET, 2023
A well-maintained infrastructure is crucial for modern societies, but meeting all requirements poses challenges. Concrete has been a reliable construction material for decades, and engineers seek to enhance its performance using modern admixtures and waste materials. Incorporating waste materials in concrete consumption and improving its properties are benefits.
STEEL SLAG AS A POTENTIAL REPLACEMENT MATERIAL FOR COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES IN CONCRETE
The aggregates typically account about 75% of the concrete volume and play a substantial role in different concrete properties such as workability, strength, dimensional stability and durability, Conventional concrete consists of sand as fine aggregate and gravel, limestone or granite in various sizes and shapes as coarse aggregate. There is a growing interest in using waste materials as alternative aggregate materials and significant research is made on the use of many different materials as aggregate substitutes such as coal ash, blast furnace slag and steel slag aggregate. This type of use of a waste material can solve problems of lack of aggregate in various construction sites and reduce environmental problems related to aggregate mining and waste disposal.
Evaluation of Steel Industrial Slag as Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete
Civil Engineering Journal
Cement is the most important ingredient in concrete, which acts as a binding material. It is evaluated that cement is the second largest industrial source of CO2 on earth. This demands a partial or full replacement of cement by an environment-friendly material. In this research industrial waste slag from a local Steel Mill, namely Mangla Metals was selected as possible replacement of cement. Some preliminary standard tests conducted on the slag showed its strong chances to be used as pozzolana. Slag used for this study was reduced to the particle size passing through ASTM standard sieve #100. Concrete specimens containing 10% and 20% replacement of cement by slag were prepared. The mechanical properties like compressive, split cylinder tensile and flexure strength were determined as per standard ASTM methods. Tests were conducted at 3, 7 and 28 days of concrete age. Results show a decrease of 14% in compressive strength, 7.5% in tensile strength and 10.5% in flexure strength for 10%...
IJERT-Steel Slag as a Substitute for Fine Aggregate in High Strength Concrete
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/steel-slag-as-a-substitute-for-fine-aggregate-in-high-strength-concrete https://www.ijert.org/research/steel-slag-as-a-substitute-for-fine-aggregate-in-high-strength-concrete-IJERTV3IS100741.pdf Waste management is one of the most common and challenging problems in the world. The steel making industry has generated substantial solid waste. Steel slag is a residue obtained in steel making operation. This paper deals with the implementation of Steel slag as an effective replacement for sand. Steel slag, which is considered as the solid waste pollutant, can be used for road construction, clinker raw materials, filling materials, etc. In this work, Steel slag is used as replacement for sand, which is also a major component in concrete mixture. This method can be implemented for producing hollow blocks, solid blocks, paver blocks, concrete structures, etc. Accordingly, advantages can be achieved by using Steel slag instead of natural aggregates. This will also encourage other researchers to find another field of using Steel slag.
Use of Iron and Steel Slags in Concrete: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Sustainability, 2021
In the two last decades, world production of pig iron and steel has undergone a significant increase. In 2018, 1252.87 and 1806.46 million tons of pig iron and steel, respectively, were produced as compared to the 575.78 and 809.94 million tons of 2000. Consequently, the amount of the different types of slags deriving from these production processes has also increased considerably. In relation to the principles of sustainability and circular economy, the available literature suggests several possible reuses for these slags (bituminous conglomerates, hydraulic engineering, metallurgy, fertilizers, etc.). This paper aims to provide an overview of the iron and steel slags production and their reuse in concrete (for example as replacement of cement, fine or coarse aggregates). The characteristics of slags are analyzed in terms of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Mechanical and durability tests (both from material and structures point of view) carried out in the different s...
STEEL SLAG AS REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE IN TERMS OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
The Steel slag, a result of steel making, is delivered amid the detachment of molten steel from polluting influences in steel making heaters. This can be utilized as sand in concrete. Steel slag sand by and large display a penchant to extend on account of the nearness of free lime and magnesium oxides that have not responded with the silicate structure and that can hydrate and grow in muggy conditions. This possibly far reaching nature (volume switches up to 10 percent or more owing to the hydration of calcium and magnesium oxides) could cause troubles with items containing steel slag, and is one motivation behind why steel slag aggregate are not utilized as a part of concrete development. The present research work deals with a view to develop efficient concrete by addition of steel slag to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of steel slag as a partial replacement in sand To replace Sand with various percentages 10, 20, 30, 40% of steel slag waste in M25, M30 & M35 concrete. Investigation have been carried out to study the effect of steel slag on various property of concrete like compressive, split tensile, flexural strength.
2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA), 2011
Concrete behave very differently when exposed to sulphate. Sulphate may exist in soil, ground water, sea water and effluent discharge by industry. As a result of sulphate attack, cracking, expansion, spalling, loss in volume and strength may take place. To minimize such occurrence, several factors need to be considered such as water/ cement ratio, permeability of the concrete, condition of sulphate exposure, cement composition, curing condition, etc need to be accounted. The idea of this study is to compare the behavior of normal concrete containing steel slag aggregate and normal aggregate under the exposure of two types of sulphate ions namely, natrium sulphate and magnesium sulphate with 0.3molar 5 % concentration for a period of twenty weeks. The durability of concrete containing steel slag i.e. changes in physical, volume and strength after the immersion process has been observed. The result of different water cement ratio of 0.47, 0.52, and 0.55 and steel slag aggregate replacement of 10%, 50% and 100% of total aggregate proportion are presented and analysed. From the result, it shows that the durability of steel slag aggregate and natural aggregate concrete has the same performance.
ASSESSMENT OF STEEL SLAG AS REPLACEMENT FOR COARSE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE: A REVIEW
This study presents a review on the utilization of steel slag as replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete. Merits and demerits of steel slag in concrete as well as its physical properties and chemical compositions of steel slag are also presented. It has been reported that it is economical to use steel slag, as the costs of steel slag are just about 50% of that of conventional aggregates. However, the optimum replacement of coarse aggregate with steel slag that gives better mechanical properties (compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength) than conventional concrete is found to be between 30 and 60%. In South Western part of Nigeria, there are numbers of steel/iron producing company with large deposits of steel slag. Therefore, there is need for the utilization of this by-product (steel slag) in concrete production in Nigeria as cost of natural aggregates (fine and coarse aggregate) is becoming higher.