Characterisation of Carbon Nanotube Materials by Raman Spectroscopy and Microscopy–A Case Study of Multiwalled and … (original) (raw)
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Laser excited Raman scattering was measured from various carbon nanotube samples, as well as high purity graphite using an Ar + laser at different wavelengths and the variation of the band parameters was studied as a function of the excitation laser wavelength. Features in the Raman scattering have been identified and assigned to known structural and dynamical sources. Scanning electron microscopic and tunnelling microscopic pictures of two different nanotube samples contributed to the characterization of the samples as multiwalled and singlewalled carbon nanotube bundles and helped identify Raman spectral features.
Characterization of carbon nanotubes by Raman spectroscopy
MATERIALS SCIENCE-POLAND
Application of Raman spectroscopy to analyse carbon nanotubes has been presented. Having a mixture of various carbon nanotube samples, one can easily distinguish, in a quick experiment, presence of singlewalled, doublewalled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT, DWCNT, MWCNT, respectively). The so-called G-line is a characteristic feature of the graphitic layers and corresponds to the tangential vibration of carbon atoms. Another characteristic mode is a typical sign of defective graphitic structures (D-line). A comparison of the intensity ratios of these two peaks gives a measure of the quality of the bulk samples. In addition, there is a third mode, named the radial breathing mode (RBM) which is very sensitive to the diameter of SWCNT and DWCNT. Additional option is application of Raman microscopy for mapping analysis and depth profiling to view the changes of intensity in various directions in the sample.
Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes
Physics Reports, 2005
The use of Raman spectroscopy to reveal the remarkable structure and the unusual electronic and phonon properties of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is reviewed comprehensively. The various types of Raman scattering processes relevant to carbon nanotubes are reviewed, and the theoretical foundations for these topics are presented. The most common experimental techniques used to probe carbon nanotubes are summarized, followed by a review of the novel experimental findings for each of the features in the first order and second order Raman spectra for single wall carbon nanotubes. These results are presented and discussed in connection with theoretical considerations. Raman spectra for bundles of SWNTs, for SWNTs surrounded by various common wrapping agents, and for isolated SWNTs at the single nanotube level are reviewed. Some of the current research challenges facing the field are briefly summarized.
Raman spectroscopy on one isolated carbon nanotube
Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2002
The use of Raman spectroscopy to elucidate the vibrational and electronic structure of single wall carbon nanotubes is reviewed. The special role played by single nanotube spectroscopy in the ðn; mÞ structural characterization of individual nanotubes and in the elucidation of the spectra of nanotube bundles is emphasized. r
A Theoretical Study of Carbon Nanotubes by Raman Spectroscopy
isara solutions, 2014
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) becomes an important scientific field for the extensive research due to their interesting properties and technological applications. It has proven a unique system for the study of Raman spectra for ID systems1. Raman spectroscopy has become a powerful tool for the study of vibrational properties and electronic structure of CNT. Raman spectroscopy is now a days become powerful tool in the diagnosis in material science. It has been used to characterized different carbon nanotubes.
A comparison between Raman spectroscopy and surface characterizations of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Carbon, 2006
The distribution of graphene units with an axial symmetry gives rise to different types of carbon filaments: nanotubes, nanofilaments and classical fibers. In this work the surfaces of different multiwalled nanotubes are characterized by two complementary techniques: chemical ones based on Total Surface Area and Active Surface Area measurements, associated with a physical approach the Raman scattering spectroscopy. From analysis of Raman data we deduce the values of the in-plane coherence lengths, identified as L 1 the planar projection of graphene sheets, and we propose an analysis for the observed line-width behavior related to the graphitization step. From the surface chemical properties we establish a general relationship between the density of functional surface groups and the in plane coherence length L 1 for all types of MWNT. This analysis allows us to show the influence of both, the structural organization and the different treatments on the interfacial characteristics of these nanocarbons.
Raman spectroscopic characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes and of composites
Express Polymer Letters, 2012
In this work Raman spectroscopy was used for extensive characterization of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNTs) and of MWCNTs/rubber composites. We have measured the Raman spectra of bundled and dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes. All the Raman bands of the carbon nanotubes are seen to shift to higher wavenumbers upon debundling on account of less intertube interactions. Effects of laser irradiation were also investigated. Strong effects are observed by changing the wavelength of the laser excitation. On the other hand, at a given excitation wavelength, changes on the Raman bands are observed by changing the laser power density due to sample heating during the measurement procedure.
Raman Spectra from One Carbon Nanotube
MRS Proceedings, 2001
The use of Raman spectroscopy as a characterization tool for individual single wall carbon nanotubes is briefly reviewed. New physical phenomena occurring at the single nanotube level are discussed, with special emphasis given to the use of resonance Raman scattering for the structural determination of (n, m) for individual nanotubes, based on diameter and chirality dependent phenomena associated with the radial breathing mode, the G-band and the G[prime]-band features. Examples are given to show how single nanotube spectroscopy provides insight into the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of nanotube bundles and for the study of new physical phenomena occurring at the single nanotube level.