Proximal Interphalangeal Arthrodesis in the Horse A Retrospective Study and a Modified Screw Technique (original) (raw)
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Proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis in horses: concepts, indications, and techniques
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science
Surgical arthrodesis is effective for treating proximal interphalangeal joint (PIJ) injuries in horses. Despite several techniques described so far, the use of a 3-hole, 4.5mm-locking compression plate, associated with two 5.5-mm transarticular cortex screws, is currently considered the “gold standard.” This review describes the anatomy of the pastern, as well as causes, indications, and possibilities for arthrodesis in the equine PIJ. A description of the current surgical technique for joint fixation is also presented.
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift, 2019
Two adult warmblood horses with a history of chronic hind limb lameness originating from the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) were presented at the equine hospital De Bosdreef (Belgium) between 2016 and 2017. Based on the case history and orthopedic examination, chronic osteoarthrosis (OA) of the PIPJ was diagnosed in both horses. A modified surgical arthrodesis of the PIPJ was performed using a central dorsal three-hole proximal interphalangeal locking compression plate (PIP plate) and four 5.5 mm transarticular cortical screws placed in a lag fashion (TCS-LF). The procedure resulted in an early bone bridging of the PIPJ and a return of the horses to the intended use within ten months after the surgery.
Proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in seven horses: A retrospective study in Brazil (2011-2019)
Ciência Rural, 2021
ABSTRACT: This study discussed several cases of proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in horses at a veterinary hospital in Brazil. The medical records of seven horses that underwent proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis between 2011 and 2019 were analyzed for indication, technique, and complications. Short- and long-term outcomes were obtained from both the medical records and telephone interviews with the owners. A dynamic compression plate (DCP) was used in one of the seven horses that underwent surgical arthrodesis, and locking compression plates (LCP) were used in the others. Hospital discharge was recorded in 71.4% (5/7) of the horses, with an average hospital stay of 79 ± 45 days. Casting was maintained for 59 ± 26 days. Contact with owners was possible in four cases, two of which regained their prior level of function. The proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis may improve a horse’s well-being, especially when it is considered an early intervention, minimizing the chances of imm...
Transfixation cast technique for arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint of horses
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2010
SummarySurgical arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint by transfixation casting was used to salvage a three-year-old filly and a yearling filly that were chronically lame because of infection of the DIP joint for breeding. Unlike previously described techniques for arthrodesis of the DIP joint, the technique used did not require insertion of implants across the joint, which may have contributed to the successful outcome.
Clinical Research and Trials
Introduction: The diseases of the equine proximal interphalangeal joint (PIJ) occur frequently and usually it is necessary to perform arthrodesis as a treatment option. A reasonable number of retrospective studies have been published referring to the outcomes of different ways to promote ankylosis of this joint, either from the point of view of indications or by the techniques employed. The aim of this study is to carry out a meta-analysis of retrospective studies of PIJ arthrodesis in horses to do a better evaluation and interpretation of the likely outcomes of different forms of intervention. Methods and analysis: A systematic review of the literature will be carried in the CAB, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, following the recommendations of Cochrane and PRISMA, in search of retrospective studies of proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in horses. Information on the length of hospital stay, time of rigid external immobilization (casting), time to return to activities, survival rate, presence of lameness after the end of treatment, will have their effects measured by standardized mean difference or odds ratio. The meta-analysis will be performed using fixed and random effect.
Veterinary Surgery, 2010
Objective-To compare the biomechanical cyclic fatigue properties of 2 and 3 parallel transarticular 5.5 mm cortical screws used in arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. Study Design-Randomized block design, for horse, fixation method (2 versus three 5.5 mm cortical screws), side (right, left) and end (front, hind) in cadaveric equine limbs. Sample Population-Cadaveric adult equine fore-and hindlimbs (n ¼ 5 pairs each). Methods-Two parallel 5.5 mm cortical screws were inserted in lag fashion, transarticularly through the PIP joint in 1 limb of a pair, and in the contralateral limb, three 5.5 mm cortical screws were inserted in similar fashion. Constructs were then tested in 3-point bending in a dorsal-to-palmar (plantar) direction using a materials testing machine using a cyclic load of À500 to À3500 N at a rate of 6 Hz. Results-There was no significant difference in displacement at failure, force at failure or number of cycles between limbs. Forelimb constructs tended to fail at a greater mean displacement than hindlimb constructs but this difference was not significant (P ¼ .06). There was no statistical difference in any tested biomechanical variable between left-and right-sided limbs.
Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, 2018
P roximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis is indicated for horses that have lameness as a result of osteoarthritis or instability of the PIPJ or P2 fracture caused by trauma. Several methods for PIPJ arthrodesis have been described in the literature, including transarticular screws placed in lag fashion, platescrew combinations, laser-facilitated ankylosis with transarticular screws placed in lag fashion, and chemically induced ankylosis. 1-8 Use of an LCP in conjunction with locking head screws for internal fracture fixation was first described in the human medical literature. 9 The LCP was introduced as an alternative to LC-DCPs and DCPs, with purported benefits in im
Subluxation of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ or pastern joint) is an uncommon condition that occurs in the forelimb or hindlimb. Thoroughbred racehorses rarely show dorsal pastern subluxation (Thoroughbred ringbone) secondarily to an injury to the soft tissues supporting the fetlock. A 4-year-old Thoroughbred mare was presented with signs of lameness, swelling of the dorsal aspect of the pastern region of the right forearm and audible clicking sound when weight was placed on the limb. The condition seemed to have been developed as a consequence of extreme overexertion 4 days before referral. Radiographic examination of a non-weight bearing limb showed dorsal subluxation of the pastern joint. Under general anesthesia the affected limb was immobilized by cast after reduction of the luxated bone into the PIPJ. The affected limb was kept immobilized for four weeks. Then the cast was removed and the animal was given rest for two months. Consequently, weight bearing on the affe...