CYTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF NON - NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF THYROID: An overview (original) (raw)

Abstract

Thyroid disorders are one among the common clinical encounters, which range from congenital disorders to the malignant lesions. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid is accepted globally as the best screening tool to differentiate neoplastic versus non neoplastic lesions. The cytological features of the nonneoplastic disorders of thyroid have a good amount of overlap between them and with a few neoplastic lesions as well, thus leading to wrong interpretation and possible inappropriate management of the patient. Identification of these cytological features is the key element in diagnosing thyroid lesions by Fine needle aspiration procedure. The review attempts to give cytological details of non-neoplastic lesions which can be applied for evaluation of thyroid lesions and identifying this category will reduce the number of unnecessary surgeries of thyroid nodules.

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How effective is fine needle aspiration in differentiating thyroid lesions?add

The study reveals that fine needle aspiration (FNA) significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, reducing unnecessary surgical referrals for benign nodules by over 40%.

What cytological features are essential for evaluating thyroid nodules?add

Key cytological parameters include sample adequacy, cellular arrangement, and nuclear features, which collectively determine the diagnosis.

When was the fine needle aspiration technique for thyroid evaluation first developed?add

The fine needle aspiration method was first developed in Sweden at the Radiunhelmet Hospital in 1950.

What are common cellular components identified in normal thyroid FNA smears?add

Normal FNA smears typically contain follicular epithelial cells and colloid, with abnormal elements like cartilage or skeletal muscle indicating procedural error.

Which historical advancements facilitated the development of tissue pathology methods?add

The introduction of tissue fixatives, cutting instruments, and stains in the 1870s significantly advanced the field of tissue pathology.

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