Antimicrobial Activity of Amycolatopsis Orientalis JAR10 from Agricultural Field (original) (raw)
Related papers
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2016
The search for novel bioactive compounds from the natural environment has rapidly been gaining momentum with the increase in multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. In the present study, the antimicrobial potential of novel actinomycetes has been evaluated by initial screening of six soil samples. Primary and secondary screening was performed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Trichophyton rubrum, and other MDR bacterial and fungal test strains, thirteen active isolates were selected for further study. Microbial strains were identified on the basis of growth conditions and other biochemical characters. Five most active microbial strains were identified using 16S rRNA sequence homology and designated as Streptomyces xanthophaeus MTCC 11938, Streptomyces variabilis MTCC 12266, Streptomyces xanthochromogenes MTCC 11937, Streptomyces levis EU 124569, and Streptomyces sp. NCIM 5500. Four antibacterial and three antifungal compounds isolated from the above five isolates were purified and partially characterized using UV absorption and IR spectra. Two antibacterial metabolites, belong to chromone and peptide antibiotic, respectively. The antifungal compounds were found to be of non-polyene nature. In conclusion, we study the isolation of novel bacterial strains of actinomycetes for producing novel compounds having antibacterial and antifungal activities from the unexplored agro-ecological niches of India. Also, this study paves the way for further characterization of these isolates of Streptomyces sp. for their optimum utilization for antimicrobial purposes.
Studies on the antibacterial activity of the Actinomycetes isolated from the Khumbu Region of Nepal
Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from Lobuche area (5000-5300 meter in height) and Lukla area (2660 meter in height) in Khumbu region has been studied. A total of 106 actinomycetes were subjected to primary screening by perpendicular streak method against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Enterobacter aerogens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Proteus species, Pseudomonas species, Salmonell typhi and Shigella species) test bacteria. It was observed that 2 isolates were active against only Gram-negative bacteria, 8 against Gram-positive and 26 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Altogether 36 putative isolates were subjected to secondary screening by agar well method to further test the capabilities of primarily screened organisms. Selected isolates (20) from the secondary screening belonged to the genera Streptomyces (10), Streptoverticillium (4), Saccharopolyspora (3), Micromonospora (2) and Actinosynema (1).
2011
Actinomycetes are group of bacteria, which are present widely in ecological diversity. Actinomycetes are the major microbial population in soil which can produce active secondary metabolites. Aim of this study is to isolate varieties of Actinomycetes from different locations to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. Soil samples were collected from different niche habitats of Gwalior (Dry soil from Hostel zone of Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (MITS), Cancer hospital territory, IIITM ground, forest areas of Sanjeevani nursery) and used for actinomycetes isolation. The seven actinomycetes isolates were isolated from different soil samples based on their colony morphology, mycelium colouration and diffusion of pigmentation. The isolates were analysed for their biochemical activity and found that all the isolates were positively active for catalase, starch and casein utilization. The isolates were screened for their secondary metabolites activity on three human pathogenic bacteria are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermis and Vencomycin resistant Enterococci (vre). The isolate 5 was found to be more active against the test bacteria. The isolate 5 was further tested for its zone of inhibition and found maximum activity (14 mm) against the test bacteria. It was concluded that actinomycetes isolate 5 had potentials as sources of new antibacterial compounds against pathogenic microorganisms (unicellular Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and drug resistance microorganism) to humans.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Property of Actinomycetes Isolates from Soil and Water of Nepal
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 2018
Background: Human pathogens are rapidly acquiring resistance to antibiotics leading to treatment failure. We carried out this study to isolate and screen actinomycetes strains that have potential to kill bacterial and fungal pathogens.Methods: In this descriptive study 288 soil and water samples were processed by standard microbiological techniques at Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University from 2013 to 2015. Screened actinomycetes were cultivated for bioactive metabolite production and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of metabolites were determined against bacterial pathogens including multidrug resistant bacteria and fungi.Results: One hundred twenty isolates having antimicrobial property were screened. Out of them, four most potent strains, Nocardiopsis prasina, Streptomyces violarus, Streptomyces krainskii and Streptomyces tsusimaensis were identified all having both antibacterial and anti-fungal property.Highest zone of inhibition (ZOI)was given by N. pra...
Antimicrobial properties of actinomycetes from the soil of Himalaya
Journal De Mycologie Medicale, 2010
Twelve actinomycetes strains were isolated from the soil samples of the Himalaya and screened for their antimicrobial activity. Their cultural characteristics in different culture media were studied. ERIH-44 showed both antibacterial and antifungal activity. The 16S rRNA pattern of ERIH-44 strongly suggested that it belongs to the genus Bacillus. The morphological and physiological characters were also recorded. ERIH-44 had the ability to produce amylase. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using broth microdilution technique. The ethyl acetate extract of ERIH-44 was tested against bacteria and fungi, and showed the following MIC values: Bacillus subtilis (< 15.62 mg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (< 15.62 mg/ml), Escherichia coli (125 mg/ml) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (500 mg/ml), Botrytis cinerea (500 mg/ml) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (1000 mg/ml).
Antimicrobial Activity of Actinomycetes Isolated from the Western Ghats of Tamilnadu
A study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 51 actinomycetes strains isolated from environmental samples collected during an expedition at Paya Maga, located in Ulu Trusan, Lawas, Sarawak. These actinomycetes strains were isolated from 20 soil and 15 plant samples. Their ability to inhibit the growth of Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were tested by using co-culture method. Twenty five percent of the isolates (13 out of 51) were active against at least one bacteria or one yeast standard strain while 18 (35%) were active against at least two standard strains, indicating broad spectrum activities. The results also showed that 23% (7 strains) of the positive isolates with single or broad spectrum activities were able to show better result in comparison to 100 mg/L of Chloramphenicol and Nystatin used (by forming inhibition zone more than 20 mm in diameter). The 31 inhibitory strains were sequenced and partial 16S rDNA sequences were derived for taxonomic identification. The majority of these strains (27 out of 31) belong to the family of Streptomycetaceae, followed by 2 strains from Streptosporangiaceae and 1 strain each from Nocardiaceae and Pseudonocardiaceae. Sixteen of the isolates can only be classified up to the genus level so they are potentially novel species which are targets for further study to isolate antimicrobial agents.
The present study was undertaken to isolate, identify and determine the anti-microbial profile of antagonistic actinomycetes from different soil samples. Actinomycetes were isolated from the soil samples of two different micro-ecosystems namely, Koyna river bank and Sugar factory effluent discharge point from Satara district, Maharastra, India. 58 actinomycetes were isolated from 30 soil samples and only 12 isolates (20.69%) exhibited inhibitory activity against the sensitive Escherichia coli (MTCC 739). Soil samples from Koyna river bank yielded greater number of antagonistic actinomycetes (27.27%) followed by those of sugar factory effluent discharge point (12%). Nine isolates with high inhibitory activity, were further tested for their inhibitory profile against nine human test pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A, S. typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, S. sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Candida albicans by modified cross-streak assay. All the nine antagonistic actinomycete isolates tested (100%) exhibited antagonism at varying levels against any one of the human test pathogens. The actinomycete isolate KY-33 exhibited a high degree of inhibitory activity against all the test pathogens both in terms of the number of test pathogens inhibited and the zone of inhibition. The isolate KY-33 was subjected to standard chemotaxonomic schemes of identification. With the presence of LL-DAP, glycine, absence of characteristic sugars and G: C content of 71.98%, the isolate KY-33 was classified under cell wall chemotype-I, sugar pattern-C and was identified to be belonging to the genus Streptomyces. The results of present study clearly suggest that soil samples rich in organic matter with a high C:N ratio are the potential source of antagonistic actinomycetes and a large number of antagonistic actinomycetes producing a diverse classes of anti-microbial compounds can be isolated from these ecosystems.
SCREENING OF ACTINOMYCETES FOR POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
This study was directed towards screening of soil samples from various crop fields of Beed District of Maharashtra as a source of actinomycetes with potent antimicrobial compounds. In all 04 soil samples 42 actinomycetes were isolated. In primary screening 18 isolates showed antibacterial activity against test organisms. To confirm antibacterial potential all isolates were subjected for secondary screening by agar well method. Out of 18 actinomycetes only 04 actinomycetal isolates showed maximum zone of inhibition against both Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. One actinomycetal isolate was selected on the basis of highest antibacterial activity and was identified as belonging to genus Streptomyces. This isolate was subjected to studies to find the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on antibiotic production. The study established that maltose and potassium nitrate were the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for antibiotic production.
— Soil, actinomycetes plays an important role in pharmaceutical industries because they produce valuable natural antibiotics to treat chronic diseases in humans. In the present study, the actinomycetes were isolated from four different sample sites of Western Ghats. Totally twelve isolates were selected and screened for antibiotic activity using coliforms. Among the twelve isolates, two were found to effective against coliforms and these isolates were obtained from soil of Courtallum. Antibiotic sensitivity of the twelve isolates revealed varying performance. The two actinomycetes isolates of Courtallum have a potential to be included in researches of new preparations with characterization of the bioactive compounds.
Antibacterial activity of some actinomycetes from Tamil Nadu, India
Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 2012
To isolate novel actinomycetes and to evaluate their antibacterial activity. Three soil samples were collected from Vengodu (village) in Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Actinomycetes were isolated using serial dilution and plating method on actinomycetes isolation agar. Totally 35 isolates were obtained on the basis of colony characteristics on actinomycetes isolation agar. All the isolates were screened for antibacterial activity by cross streak method. Medium and optimization of day were done for the potent strains using Nathan's agar well diffusion method. Isolation of bioactive compounds from significant active isolates was done by using different media. The most active isolate VAS 10 was identified as Actinobacterium Loyola PBT VAS 10 (accession No. JF501398) using 16s rRNA sequence method. The hexane, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and butanol extracts of VAS 10 were tested against bacteria. The maximum antibacterial activity was observed in dichloromethane and et...