Aspirin-Induced Gastric Lesions Alters EGFR and PECAM-1 Immunoreactivity in Wistar Rats: Modulatory Action of Flavonoid Fraction of Musa Paradisiaca (original) (raw)
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This study investigated the ulcer healing potential of unripe Musa paradisiaca fruit on aspirin induced gastric ulcer. Twenty five (25) adult wistar rats were divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) of five rats each. Group A was administered with 2ml/kg distilled water orally (normal control), Group B was administered with 300mg/kg b.w aspirin orally (negative control) Groups C-E were administered with 300mg/kg aspirin orally prior to treatment with 100, 500 and 1000mg/kg b.w orally respectively. The animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and ulcer index was determined on harvested stomach tissue. Oral administration of aspirin caused a significantly high ulcer index (1.53±0.46). However, treatment with extract of Musa paradisiaca fruit significantly reduced the ulcer index in a dose dependent manner in which 0.44±0.02 was recorded on 1000mg/kg of the extract. The observation was in concordance with that of the percentage ulcer inhibitory result which was also found to be dose dependent with 71.24% inhibition recorded on administration of 1000mg/kg of the extract. From the findings, it can be deduced that unripe Musa paradisiaca fruit have ulcer healing potential and should be recommended as an ideal diet for individuals on high risk category for gastric ulcer resulting from NSAID treatment.
Gastroprotective effects of flavonoids in plant extracts
Journal of physiology and pharmacology: an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society
The purpose of this paper is to overview the relations between plant-originated substances and their bioactivity measured in terms of antioxidant, cytoprotective and antiulcer activities. In addition, we assessed whether these compounds are capable of affecting the gastric mucosal lesions induced by absolute ethanol applied intragastrically (i.g.). The following plant-originated flavonoid substances were considered; Solon (Sophoradin extract), Amaranth seed extract, grapefruit-seed extract (GSE) and capsaicin (extract of chilly pepper). The area of gastric mucosa lesions and gastric blood flow were measured in rats with ethanol-induced lesions without (control) and with one of the tested substances without and with capsaicin denervation of afferent nerves or administration of L-nitro-arginine (L-NNA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Male Wistar rats, weighing 180-220 g fasted for 24 h before the study where used 100% ethanol was applied i.g. to induce gastric lesions, whose area was determined by planimetry. Gastric blood flow was assessed using electrolytic regional blood flowmeter. All tested plant-originated substances afforded gastroprotection against ethanol-induced damage and this was accompanied by increase in gastric microcirculation, both changes being reversed by pretreatment with neurotoxic dose of capsaicin or by pretreatment with L-NNA. We conclude that plant-originated flavonoid substances are highly gastroprotective probably due to enhancement of the expression of constitutive NOS and release of NO and neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) released from sensory afferent nerves increasing gastric microcirculation. 1. We demonstrated that plant-originated substances such as Solon -Sophoradin root originated flavonoid, seed extract of Amaranth, extract of grapefruit seeds (GSE) -Citro, and capsaicin present in chilly pepper, all exerted beneficial and dose-dependent reduction in acute gastric lesions induced by corrosive concentration (100%) of ethanol and this reduction was accompanied by dose-dependent rise in gastric blood flow; 2. The mechanism of this protection is closely related to the increase in gastric microcirculation probably caused by stimulation of afferent nerves and release of NO in the mucosa because the protection and gastric hyperemia could be significantly attenuated following the inactivation of sensory afferents by neurotoxic dose of capsaicin and the application of NOS inhibitor, L-NNA;
Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad
Background: The analgesic drugs are the main cause of gastric ulcer. The objective of this study was to determine the gastroprotective ability of flavonoid, 6-aminoflavone in a rat pyloric ligation model of aspirin associated gastro-ulcerogenesis. Methods: A laboratory based experimental study was conducted in the animal house and research laboratory at Khyber Medical College, Peshawar from July to November 2019. A total of 42 adult male Spargue-Dawely rats were divided into seven groups. Flavonoid, 6-aminoflavone was administered orally in doses of 10, 25 and 100 mg/kg with misoprostol, as standard at 50 µg/kg orally for 4 days. On the last day aspirin was given orally at 200 mg/kg and the pyloric ligation surgery was performed. After 4 hours all animals were killed by cervical dislocation. The gastric tissues were collected for histomorphological study. The obtained data were expressed as mean±SEM. Analysis was carried out by using ANOVA. p value ˂0.05 was considered significant....
Apple polyphenol extracts prevent aspirin-induced damage to the rat gastric mucosa
British Journal of Nutrition, 2008
Aspirin causes gastroduodenal ulcers and complications. Food bioactive compounds could exert beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract. We evaluated whether apple polyphenol extract (APE) reduced aspirin-induced injury to the rat gastric mucosa. Rats were treated with APE (10 24 M catechin equivalent) before oral aspirin (200 mg/kg). Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor-a (TGFa) and heparinbinding epidermal-growth-factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) mRNA and protein expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively; malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by HPLC; gastric secretion was evaluated in pylorus-ligated rats. APE decreased acute and chronic aspirin injury both macroscopically and microscopically (approximately 50 % decrease in lesion score; P,0·05). Aspirin up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of COX-2 and HB-EGF, but not of TGFa; APE reduced aspirin-induced mRNA and protein overexpression of COX-2 and HB-EGF; aspirin significantly increased gastric MDA and this effect was counteracted by APE pre-treatment. APE did not significantly affect gastric acid secretion. In conclusion, APE reduces aspirin-induced gastric injury independently of acid inhibition. We speculate that APE might be of therapeutic use in the prophylaxis of aspirin-related gastropathy.
National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2012
Background: Most of the currently available therapies for peptic ulcer disease have their own limitations and an ideal therapeutic agent is not yet available in the market.Hence,we decided to explore the cytoprotective potential of Indian Medicinal Plants namely Phyllanthus emblica and Asparagus racemosus along with ranitidine as a positive control in various animal models. Aims & Objective: To evaluate the cytoprotective effect of the extracts of Phyllanthus emblica (PE) and Asparagus racemosus (AR) in preventing gastric erosions, ulcerations and inflammation induced in rats. Materials and Methods: Cold immobilization stress, ethanol (99.9%), aspirin were the experimental models selected for inducing gastric erosions and ulcerations. Ulcer index , erosions, oedema, congestion and inflammation were the parameters studied for assessing gastric damage whereas carrageenininduced rat paw oedema model was used to induce inflammation. Ranitidine was used as a positive control. Results: The two drugs chosen for the study namely Phyllanthus emblica and Asparagus racemosus prevented gastric damage significantly in the ethanol group (p<0.05) and cold stress group (p<0.05). In the aspirin group, erosions, oedema, congestion and inflammation were remarkably reduced by PE cold water extract (PECWE) and PE hot water extract (PEHWE) and in the AR treated groups when compared with the control group. PECWE and PEHWE showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (p<0.05) comparable to aspirin thereby proving their role in inflammatory disorders. In our study, AR also showed a significant protection (p<0.05) against ethanol, cold stress and aspirin group. Conclusion: The present study supports that ethanol, cold simmobilization stress and aspirin induce gastritis, gastric erosions and ulcerations and Phyllanthus emblica and Asparagus racemosus have significant potential as prominent cytoprotectants against these toxic effects.
Peptic ulcer disease has and continues to cause high mortality in Ghana and other countries worldwide. This study investigates the anti-ulcerant effect of an aqueous fruit extract of Musa x paradisiaca and its possible receptor site of action to verify and ascertain its traditional use. Phytochemical analyses on the extract revealed the presence of alkaloid, tannins, saponin, glycosides and flavonoids. Thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography analyses performed on the extract to establish fingerprint chromatograms showed four spots and three peaks respectively. Acetic acid-induced (0.2 ml; 8%) gastric ulceration in ICR mice treated with 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/ kg of the extract and 0.3 mg/kg Esomeprazole significantly decreased the ulcerative index (P ≤ 0.001) and the number of ulcers formed per stomach and increased curative ratio (P ≤ 0.01 -0.001). Histopathological studies of gastric mucosa showed corrections in the architectural distortions caused by the acetic acid-induced ulceration. Contractile effect of histamine on the isolated guinea-pig ileum was significantly inhibited (P ≤ 0.001) by Mepyramine and the extract. The aqueous fruit extract of Musa x paradisiaca has anti-ulcerant property in ICR mice and possibly works as an antagonist to histamine receptors.
Gastroprotective Effect of Medicinal Plants from Chapada do Araripe
Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2009
Gastric ulcer is a serious gastrointestinal disorder that requires a well targeted therapeutic strategy. A number of drugs are available for the treatment of gastric ulcer, but clinical evaluation has shown incidence of relapses, side effects, and drug interactions. The search for novel molecules has been extended to herbal drugs that offer better protection and decreased relapse. The essential oils from Croton zehntneri (EOCZ) and Vanillosmopsis arborea (EOVA), the oil from Caryocar coriaceum pulp (OCC), the latex from Himatanthus drasticus (LHD), and the extract from Stryphnodendron rotundifolium (ESR) obtained from Chapada do Araripe, Ceará (Brazil) have been evaluated for cytoprotetive activity on ethanol-induced ulcer formation in mice. EOCZ, EOVA, OCC, and ESR were administrated by gavage at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg and LDH, by the same way, at 0.2 and 0.4 mL/animal (n=8). Following 60 min, mice were given 0.2 mL of ethanol (96%) by gavage. Thirty minutes after the administration of ethanol, all groups were sacriÞ ced and the gastric ulcer index was calculated by planimetry. Preliminary results suggest that all the plants tested showed signiÞ cant activity. EOVA (6.47±1.91%*), OCC (8.86±2.45%*) and ESR (1.50±0.30%**) were the most active. Data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. of the lesioned area (%) and were analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keul´s test (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. control). Phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, terpenes, and essential fatty acids, thus suggesting that these substances may be involved in the observed antiulcer activity.
J. Med. Plants. …, 2010
Several plants are used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Gynura procumbens is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional treatment of many aliments. In this study, G. procumbens ethanolic leaf extract (GPELE) was used to investigate its gastroprotective effect in adult Sprague dawley rats which were divided into six groups. The rats were orally pre-treated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution (ulcer control groups), omeprazole 20 mg/kg (reference group), 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of GPELE in CMC solution (experimental groups), one hour before oral administration of absolute ethanol to generate gastric mucosal injury. After an additional hour, the rats were sacrificed and the ulcer areas of the gastric walls were determined. The ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas groups pre-treated with GPELE exhibited significant protection of gastric mucosal injury. These findings were also confirmed by histological studies. Acute toxicity study with a higher dose of 5 g/kg did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. These results suggest that GPELE promotes ulcer protection as ascertained grossly by significant reduction of ulcer area, and histologically by comparatively decreases in ulcer areas, reduction or absence of edema and leucocytes infiltration of submucosal layer compared to ulcer control group.
Musa paradisiaca Linn. belonging to the family Musaceae is a common medicinal plants use in herbal medicine for the treatment of diseases like diabetics, hypertension and ulcer. This study evaluated the antiulcerogenic potentials of aqueous extract of fermented unripe M. paradisiaca fruits using acetic acid, aspirin, ethanol, indomethacin and pyloric ligation-induced ulcer models at the doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight. Omeprazole at 5 mg/kg was used as a standard reference drug. The result of the acute toxicity test showed that up to 5,000 mg/kg body weight of the extract did not cause any mortality of the wistar rats. The different doses of the extract and the reference drug significantly (p<0.05) decreased all the ulcer parameters (ulcer score and ulcer index) in a dose dependent manner in all the ulcer models. The degree of ulcer index is in the order: Pyloric-ligation (11.33±0.12) < Indomethacin (12.03±0.14) < Acetic acid (12.17±0.23) < Aspirin (13.20±0.10) < Ethanol (15.60±0.40). Similarly, the percentage gastro-protective activity increased from 0% in the negative control up to 23.56% at the dose of 800mg/kg body weight of the extract. The degree of percentage gastro-protection is in the order: Pyloric-ligation (7.93%) < Indomethacin (10.51%) < Acetic acid (13.51%) < Ethanol (22.19%) < Aspirin (23.56%). The enhanced cessation of gastric erosions could be attributed to the synergistic role of probiotics and phytochemicals in the plant extract. In conclusion, fermented unripe M. paradisiaca fruit extract is a good candidate for screening of new antiulcer drugs.
2021
Background: Around the globe acid peptic disease and its potential complications are among the major cause of morbidity and is a significant burden on health system. Till now the main stay of treatment are the pharmaceutical agents which decrease the secretion of acid. But these have potential complications and tolerability issues. Among such plants one is Acacia catechu commonly available in India and Pakistan.Methods: This experimental study involved 48 albino rats that were divided into four groups. Group A, B, C, and D were given water, 100mg aspirin, 100 mg aspirin+ 250 mg Acacia catechu and 100 mg aspirin+500 mg Aacacia catechu respectively, and were sacrificed on day 3, 7 and 14th day of study and observed for changes.Results: Difference between blood vessels in subgroup B1 and subgroup C1 with subgroup D1 was statistically significant (p=0.05) and (p=0.001). Group C1 and D1 had normal vessels in mucosa and submucosa. However, dilatation of blood vessels was noted in both gro...