Eimeria taggarti n. sp., a Novel Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) in the Prostate of an Antechinus flavipes (original) (raw)
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Parasitology, 2001
Using a combination of morphological, life-cycle and molecular data, we describe a new apicomplexan parasite Eimeria telekii n.sp. from a striped grass mouse Lemniscomys striatus captured in Kenya. Oocysts are oval to spherical or ellipsoidal, 20n4i15n7 (15n5-25n0i12n0-20n0) µm with a colourless, smooth and bilayered wall. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 11n2i7n8 (10n0-12n0i7n0-9n0) µm with a small Stieda body and granular sporocyst residuum and contain 2 elongated, bananashaped sporozoites with a single refractile body. Life-cycle, pathogenicity and host specificity of this parasite were studied in laboratory-bred Lemniscomys barbarus and BALB\c mice. Two asexual stages and the sexual phase took place within the enterocytes of the caecum and colon of L. barbarus but not in inoculated BALB\c mice. An infectious dose of 5000 oocysts caused severe clinical illness and mortality in 2\2 (100 %) L. barbarus. Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene of E. telekii and members of the genera Eimeria, Cyclospora and Isospora placed E. telekii within the eimerian rodent clade. †
International Journal for Parasitology, 2011
Partial ($780 bp) mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and near complete nuclear 18S rDNA ($1,780 bp) sequences were directly compared to assess their relative usefulness as markers for species identification and phylogenetic analysis of coccidian parasites (phylum Apicomplexa). Fifteen new COI partial sequences were obtained using two pairs of new primers from rigorously characterised (sensu Reid and Long, 1979) laboratory strains of seven Eimeria spp. infecting chickens as well as three additional sequences from cloned laboratory strains of Toxoplasma gondii (ME49 and GT1) and Neospora caninum (NC1) that were used as outgroup taxa for phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses based on COI sequences yielded robust support for the monophyly of individual Eimeria spp. infecting poultry except for the Eimeria mitis/mivati clade; however, the lack of a phenotypically characterised strain of E. mivati precludes drawing any firm conclusions regarding this observation. Unlike in the 18S rDNA-based phylogenetic reconstructions, Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria tenella formed monophyletic clades based on partial COI sequences. A species delimitation test was performed to determine the probability of making a correct identification of an unknown specimen (sequence) based on either complete 18S rDNA or partial COI sequences; in almost all cases, the partial COI sequences were more reliable as species-specific markers than complete 18S rDNA sequences. These observations demonstrate that partial COI sequences provide more synapomorphic characters at the species level than complete 18S rDNA sequences from the same taxa. We conclude that COI performs well as a marker for the identification of coccidian taxa (Eimeriorina) and will make an excellent DNA 'barcode' target for coccidia. The COI locus, in combination with an 18S rDNA sequence as an 'anchor', has sufficient phylogenetic signal to assist in the resolution of apparent paraphylies within the coccidia and likely more broadly within the Apicomplexa.
Parasitology Research, 2020
To date, more than 50 Eimeria spp. have been isolated from marsupials of the family Macropodidae. Although 18 species of Eimeria have been previously detected from multiple animal species belonging to the genus Macropus of the family, limited genetic analyses of the parasites are available, and their pathogenicity remains unclear. Here, we report the isolation of Eimeria spp. from a zoo specimen of red-necked wallaby (Macropodidae; Macropus rufogriseus). Specifically, two distinct types of Eimeria oocysts were recovered, one from the feces before treatment with an anthelmintic and the second from the intestinal contents after death of the animal. The oocysts obtained from the two sources were morphologically identified as E. hestermani and E. prionotemni, respectively. We successfully determined partial gene sequences from the two isolates, including segments of the 18S rRNA genes, and for the first time have used phylogenetic analyses of these sequences to assign the species to distinct clades. In combination with further genetic data, these results are expected to help elucidate the pathogenicity and host ranges of Eimeria spp. within the respective family and genus.
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2009
We attempt to extend knowledge of anuran Eimeria, and to provide a model for a complex approach to studies on coccidia. New host and geographic records of coccidia in European Anura are provided. In the second part, Eimeria ranae Dobell, 1909 is redescribed from European terrestrial frogs of the genus Rana based on light microscopic and ultrastructural data on both exogenous and endogenous developmental stages, host specificity, and molecular phylogenetic data. Results of experimental transmissions show for the first time that the host specificity of E. ranae is restricted to the genus Rana and that isolates from tadpoles and adults are conspecific. Disappearance of infection during metamorphosis was confirmed experimentally, suggesting that infections in adults result from reinfections. Poikilotherm-host Eimeria species possessing a Stieda body (SB) are for the first time included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis. Eimeria ranae and Eimeria arnyi from a colubrid snake form together a well-supported clade, basal to other SB-bearing coccidia. The other analysed reptile-host eimerians, Eimeria tropidura and Choleoeimeria sp., which possess bivalved sporocysts and lack a SB, represent a distinct basal lineage of the eimeriid clade. The third part of the article reviews anuran-host Eimeria. Three distinct oocyst morphotypes, apparently correlating with the character of endogenous development, are recognized and characterized among anuran eimeriids.
International Journal for Parasitology, 1988
AbsfraCf-BARKER I. K., O'CALLAGHAN M. G. and BEVERIDGE I. 1989. Host-parasite associations of Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) in kangaroos and wallabies of the genus Macropus (Marsupialia:Macropodidae). International Journal for Parasitology 19: 241-263. Faecal samples from 514 kangaroos and wallabies representing 12 species of the genus Macropus were examined for oocysts of Eimeria spp. Six species of Eimeria were redescribed from their type hosts, and on the basis of finding homologous oocysts in the faeces of other Macropus spp., host ranges for these coccidia were extended. Eimeria hestermani Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. giganteeus (eastern grey kangaroo) and is described from M. fuliginosus (western grey kangaroo), M. rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby), M. dorsalis (black-striped wallaby), and M. eugenii (tammar wallaby). E. toganmainensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus (red kangaroo) and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. fidiginosus, M. rufogriseus and M. eugenii. E. wilcanniensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus, and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. jidiginosus and M. robustus (euro or wallaroo). E. macropodis Wenyon & Scott, 1925 is redescribed from M. rufogriseus, and is described from M. giganteus, M. filiginosus, M. @us, M. irma (western brush wallaby), M. parryi (whip-tailed wallaby), M. dorsalis, M. eugenii, and M. parma (parma wallaby). E. fausti Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936, E. cunnamullensis Mykytowycz, 1964 and E. purchasei Mykytowycz, 1964 are synonymized with E. macropodis. E. marsupialium Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936 is redescribed from M. giganteus, and from M. fuliginosus. E. gungahlinensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. fuliginosus, and from M. giganteus. Seven new species of Eimeria are described. E. jlindersi, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. rufogriseus, and M. antilopinus (antilopine wallaroo). E. prionotemni, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. panyi, M. rufogriseus, M. agilis (agile wallaby) and M. dorsalis. E. mykytowyczi, new species, is described from M. agilis, M. antilopinus, and M. parryi. E. panyi, new species, is described from M. parryi. E. yathongensis, new species, is described from M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus. E. parma, new species, is described from M. parma, and E. desmaresti, new species, is described from M. rufogriseus. E. kogoni Mykytowycz, 1964, and E. rufusi Prasad, 1960 are considered species inquirendae. The hostparasite associations of these coccidia, and of similar species of Eimeria in other genera of Macropodoid marsupials, are discussed in relation to the postulated phylogeny of the hosts.
International Journal for Parasitology, 1988
BAaxaa I. K., O'CALLAGHAN M. G. and BEVERIDGE I. 1988. Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) parasitic in the rat-kangaroos Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, Potorous tridactylus, Aepyprymnus rufescens and Bettongia gaimardi (Marsupialia:Potoroidae). International Journal for Parasitology 18: 947-953. Nine new species of Eimeriu arc described from rat-kangaroos of the family Potoroidae. Five new species, E. hypsiptymodontis, E. tinarooensis, E. spratti, E. spearei and E. kairiensis, were found in the musky rat-kangaroo, Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, from the Atherton Tablelands, Queensland. Eimeria potoroi new species and E. mundayi new species occurred in the potoroo, Potorous tridactylus, from Tasmania. E. aepyprymni new species was found in a captive rufous bettong, Aepyprymnus rufescens, in South Australia but was absent in free-living bettongs originating from Queensland. Eimeria guimardi new species was the only coccidian found in the Tasmanian bettong, Bettongia gaimardi.
International Journal for Parasitology, 1988
BAaxaa I. K., O'CALLAGHAN M. G. and BEVERIDGE I. 1988. Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) parasitic in the rat-kangaroos Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, Potorous tridactylus, Aepyprymnus rufescens and Bettongia gaimardi (Marsupialia:Potoroidae). International Journal for Parasitology 18: 947-953. Nine new species of Eimeriu arc described from rat-kangaroos of the family Potoroidae. Five new species, E. hypsiptymodontis, E. tinarooensis, E. spratti, E. spearei and E. kairiensis, were found in the musky rat-kangaroo, Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, from the Atherton Tablelands, Queensland. Eimeria potoroi new species and E. mundayi new species occurred in the potoroo, Potorous tridactylus, from Tasmania. E. aepyprymni new species was found in a captive rufous bettong, Aepyprymnus rufescens, in South Australia but was absent in free-living bettongs originating from Queensland. Eimeria guimardi new species was the only coccidian found in the Tasmanian bettong, Bettongia gaimardi.
Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2012
The Eimeria are ubiquitous parasites (Phylum: Apicomplexa; family: Coccidia) of the gut epithelium of vertebrates which complete their development in a single host species and whose sporocysts may be recognized by the presence of a Stieda body through which their sporozoites excyst. Their diversity and relationship to other kinds of coccidia have been successfully explored by molecular systematic studies based on the sequencing the 18S ribosomal DNA. To date, most attention has been paid to the diversity and evolutionary relationships of Eimeria spp. parasitizing terrestrial vertebrates, most especially those species infecting domesticated birds and mammals. Regrettably, no Eimeria have yet been considered from the Earth's first vertebrates: the fish. If Eimeria first evolved in fish, then extant piscine parasites should comprise a deeply branching assemblage at the base of well-constructed phylogenetic trees. Here, we sequenced portions of ribosomal DNA from several such isolates (from Eimeria anguillae, Eimeria daviesae, Eimeria percae, Eimeria variabilis, Eimeria rutili and Eimeria nemethi) and compared them to one another as well as to other available sequences from the parasites of fish and terrestrial vertebrates, in order to better understand their diversity and origins. By establishing that such piscine parasites comprise a deeply branching clade at the base of the Eimeriidae, these data substantiate the hypothesis that Eimeria may have originated in fish. Plainly, a great deal of coccidian diversity awaits future discovery and description.