Soa's Version: Ironic Form and Content in The Self‐Account of A Transnational métisse Narrator (original) (raw)

REWRITING ORAL TRADITION IN POSTCOLONIAL AFRO-CARIBBEAN FRANCOPHONE NOVELS

Although rooted in the tradition of every society and its culture, folk literature has undergone transformation over time. It continuously adapts to the contemporary context to highlight the human experience, feeling, attitude, and knowledge. And it is observed in postcolonial Francophone literature that Afro-Caribbean writers rely heavily on a large number of elements of oral tradition (such as the use of myths, riddles, proverbs, folktales, songs, “polyphonies”, and symbolic images corresponding with Nature) and languages (such as the Creole language) not only to reformulate the cultural policy of the Afro-Caribbean postcolonial world, but also to create an epistemic condition in the construction of identity and history denied to these people by the colonizers. This Paper attempts to shed some light on the issue of orality and its treatment as a narrative element, from a postcolonial standpoint, in the novels by Afro-Caribbean writers, particularly in reference to Simone Schwartz-Bart (Guadeloupe), V.Y. Mudimbe (Congo), Ahmadou Kourouma (Ivory Coast), and Werewere Liking (Camaroon). It is this very relationship between the ‘old’ (African) oral tradition and the ‘new’ (African) writings in the French language that I wish to examine in order to see how these authors attempt to reassert and restore African reality, self-autonomy and identity; that, beyond the problems of marginalization of the African in the story, their novels attempt, above all, a fictional reconstruction of “the social, political and ideological history and experience” of the African society as a whole.

Subjectivity in Motion: Caribbean Women's (Dis)Articulations of Being from Fanon/Capécia to the Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands

Hypatia, 2015

In this essay I show that texts by early Caribbean women writers, such as the Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands, reveal and resist the effects of colonial paradigms by leaving textual traces of how such paradigms can effectively be countered and overturned. I arrive at such a reading of Seacole via an analysis of Frantz Fanon's (mis)reading of Mayotte Capécia's turn‐of‐the‐century novel, Je suis martiniquaise, in light of advances in postcolonial and feminist theory. I argue that doing so can bring us to recognize the contributions that early writings by Caribbean women have made to a broader understanding of the nature of being, across differences of “race,” class, and geography. I consider how we might recover in Capécia important models that Fanon himself replicates, yet dismisses, that predate Capécia's own text and that can be located in a text like Seacole's. In the end, I come to contend that Mary Seacole's text is more than a mere record ...

Afropean Female Selves: Migration and Language in the Life Writing of Fatou Diome and Igiaba Scego

Afropean Female Selves: Migration and Language in the Life Writing of Fatou Diome and Igiaba Scego, 2022

Afropean Female Selves Afropean Female Selves: Migration and Language in the Life Writing of Fatou Diome and Igiaba Scego examines the corpus of writing of two contemporary female authors. Both writers are of African descent, live in Europe and write about lives across Europe and Africa in different languages (French and Italian). Their work involves episodes from their lived experience and complicates Western understandings of life writing and autobiography. As Hogarth shows in this study, the works of Diome and Scego encapsulate the new and complex identities of contemporary "Afropeans." As an identity coined and used frequently by prominent authors and critics across Europe, Africa and North America, the notion of "Afropean" is at the cutting edge of cultural analyses today. Yet each writer occupies unique and different positions within this debated category. While Scego is a "post-migratory subject" in postcolonial Europe, Diome is an African writer who has migrated to Europe in her adult life. This book examines the different trajectories and packaging of these two specific postcolonial writers in the Francophone and Italophone contexts, pointing out how and where each author practices life writing strategies and scrutinizing the trend that emphasizes the life writing, autofictional or autoethnographic strategies of African diasporic writers. Afropean Female Selves offers a comparative study across two languages of a notion that has so far been explored mainly in English. It explores the contours of this new discursive category and positions it in regard to other notions of Afrodiasporic identity, such as Afropolitan and Afro-European.

A Narrative of Identity in Marcan and Franco- African Womanist Study

2013

Womanist ideological orientations have been highlighted in many African narratives in French expression written by both male and female authors. Equally, in Marcan narratives, womanist postures are entrenched in the relationship between Jesus and women as opposed to representations of women’s marginalization and oppression found in the Jewish culture. Literature is a vital tool for articulation and interpretation of events, realities and aspirations of women in particular in the society. Marcan’s account of the Anointing Woman at Bethany and Haemorrhaging Woman are interrogated to bring out womanist orientations while novels of Adelaïde Fassinou (a new generation of Francophone African writer) and Henri Lopes (old generation of Francophone writer) are analysed to highlight the womanist tendencies adopted by female characters for the purpose of comparing it with Marcan womanist inclinations in order to foreground that women’s experiences in patriarchal setting are similar. This was d...

Idiolect, Irony & the Trickster as Instruments of Resistance in Indigenous Literature

One Good Story, That One translated, 2015

My dissertation consists of a commented translation of five selected short stories, including the title story, of Thomas King’s One Good Story, That One, and a theoretical and contextual introduction. My commentary, beyond the explanation of my syntactic and vocabulary choices -which I will relate to King’s interfusional use of idiolect, which is to say his uniquely personal use of orality in writing- discusses the use of irony and the Trickster as instruments of anticolonial resistance (based on King’s Godzilla vs. Postcolonial), with which King hopes to both challenge Western paradigms and raise awareness of Natives’ plight. King uses both of these not simply as postcolonial but rather as anticolonial instruments of discursive resistance (based on King’s Godzilla vs. Postcolonial), being in tune with King’s vision that postcolonialism is a concept which only lives in academia and in fact has no real basis in our current society, since we are still, in many ways, living in colonial times. King uses satire, first, to raise awareness of Natives’ physical and psychological plight to this very day, and second, to create a sense of accountability in these same people, to transform them by playfully making them aware of their unwitting complicity in this sordid affair. King's use of the Trickster Coyote as well is an important humorous element which also serves as an instrument of anticolonial discursive resistance and education, and whose mythological significance is crucial to the development of an alternate ideological structure, one which he establishes as a healthy counter-part to the Western religiously inspired one with its traditional Judaeo-christian dichotomy. I explore how King, with his use of the Trickster, satire and orality, contests the validity of Eurocentric paradigms with his literarily and orally established framework of modern Native mythologies and perspectives which expose the flaws inherent in the former. With my translation, my aim was to reproduce King’s own translation of orality and traditional Native storytelling into writing, albeit with a slightly different use of dialect (closer to international French than Quebec French), since translating King's idiolect was no easy feat. And so, my main concern was to stay as true as possible to the original work, its' gaps, repetitions, syntax and phatic (speech used as social function) use of language. In doing so, my goal was to once again arouse the reader’s sympathy for Natives and their plight, establishing an oral bond between them and the translated work. Pertaining to the latter will be a discussion on how translation also ideally bridges the gap between cultures while expanding their horizons, just as King's modern, syncretic Native storytelling breathes new life into traditional spiritual practices and beliefs. However, as King warns us about stories, which can be not only healing but also harmful, translation can adversely widen that gap and harm intercultural relationships when improperly harnessed. When properly harnessed, however, translation re-enacts a narrative to launch it in a new language-culture (Benjamin in Venuti), in the same manner that Native storytelling (both traditional and modern) enacts a performative that not only preserves culture but recreates it anew. Hence my interest in discovering the links between the fashioning of a new world, full of promises, through narrative, and the refashioning of a narrated text through translation into a new language-culture. Exploring the activism at work in King’s own telling of One Good Story, That One, I would further like to delve into the ways in which King's modern Native storytelling and the bleak, satiric humour with which much of it is tinged, continues to combat neocolonialism to this day, even in this so-called postcolonial society. Eva Gruber's Humour in Contemporary Native North American Literature is a very in-depth and informative work on this subject. I would like to elaborate on Gruber's statement that humour, more than just a coping strategy, as many would claim, is also, more importantly, especially to a non-Native audience, a Trojan horse of sorts: “Sneaking up on readers through shared laughter, humour can align their empathy with Native viewpoints, obscuring conflicts and hierarchies and triggering consensus and solidarity instead” (Gruber, “Humour in Native Lit”, p. 118). As well, I examine how in presenting Western history and religion from a humorous angle, the author is exposing its fallacies in a tragi-comical context which blurs the boundaries between reality and myth, and thus alleviates the burden of colonialism upon his Native & non-Native readers, while also encouraging accountability.