Synthesis and Characterization of MG-Ni Ferrite Prepared by Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2012
https://www.ijert.org/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-mg-substituted-ni-co-nanocrystalline-ferrite-by-auto-combustion-technique https://www.ijert.org/research/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-mg-substituted-ni-co-nanocrystalline-ferrite-by-auto-combustion-technique-IJERTV1IS8566.pdf Sol-gel auto combustion is a unique combination of the combustion and the chemical gelation processes. Structural and magnetic properties of Mg 2+ substituted Mg x Ni 0.8-x Co 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 ferrites for x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 prepared by an auto-combustion method have been investigated. The nano size powders with compositions MgNiCoFe 2 O 4 were synthesized by sol-gel combustion method. The puffy, porous brown powder-as combusted was calcined at temperature of 400 0 C for 4 hour. Saturation magnetization decreased from 40 emu/g to 32 emu/g for sintered at400 o C. These nanoferrites may have application in core materials and in electronic device technology. The prepared materials were confirmation of ferrite bonds studied by IR spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern of these compositions confirmed the formation of the nanocrystalline structure. Further, the XRD have been used to calculate the lattice parameter and grain size. The particle size of the synthesized compositions materials are varying from 23 nm to 21 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The morphological investigations and nanometric sizes of the samples was studied by using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopic techniques. The average particle size was estimated about 20-25 nm for calcined powders .UV visible spectroscopy of the material taken by UV-source" Perkin Eimer Lembda-25" it found to be the prepared material in the range of semiconductor in nature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) SADE found to be material is crystalline in nature.
Mg-Zn Nano ferrites having chemical formula Mg 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 (where x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) were synthesized by the citrate-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized powders were sintered at 500 o C for four hours in air and characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS.XRD analysis shows that cubic spinal structure of the ferrites and the crystalline sizes (D) were found in the range 25-35 nm. The values of the lattice parameter (a) increases and X-ray density (d x ) increases with doping of Zn content. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies revealed Nano nature of the samples. An elemental composition of the samples was studied by using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The observed results can be explained on the basis of composition and crystallite size.
Materials Science Forum, 2008
In this work, hydroxyapatite nanostructured powders were prepared with different crystallinity degree, crystal size and morphology using a simple aqueous precipitation method varying the pH and temperature parameters. We found that at higher pH values the crystal size grows and crystallinity was improved; at higher temperatures there is also a crystal size growth and crystallinity improving but this change is more significant, a change in the morphology of the nanopowders was also observed. Using XRD patterns and Rietveld analysis we found that the crystal size change from 9.15 to 26.4 nm. The prepared powders are highly agglomerated with a pseudo-spherical and rod-like morphology.
Preparation of Ni1−Mn Fe2O4 ferrites by sol–gel method and study of their cation distribution
Ceramics International, 2013
The nanoparticles of the spinel ferrite system Ni 1-x Mn x Fe 2 O 4 with x=0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 were prepared by sol-gel combustion technique using chlorides of Ni, Mn and Fe with citric acid as a source. The structure of ferrite materials and the particle size were determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the structure is single phase, face centered cubic with lattice parameters and the particle size ranging from 8.365Ǻ to 8.394Ǻ and 23.86Ǻ to 38.30Ǻ respectively. The lattice parameter showed a linear dependence on concentration in accordance with the Vegard's law. By analyzing XRD patterns, the cation distribution over A and B-sites was estimated through R-Factor method. The magnetic moment for each sample was determined from cation distribution on the two sites. An enhancement in the net magnetic moment was observed with gradual increase in the Mn content.
International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2013
A novel solution combustion method has been used to prepare Mg-Mn ferrites of various compositions, Mg 0.9 Mn 0.1 Fe 1-x O 4 where x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and the properties were investigated in the present work. Nano-size Mg-Mn ferrite particles with diameter in the range of 8~15 nm were successfully formed via this method. The combustion temperature of the oxidation-reduction was apparently occurred at 200°C. The result of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the as-burnt powder affords a pure single spinel ferrite phase at low temperature. The thermal analysis of nitrate-citrate gels was characterized by DTA-TG. The TEM and SEM observations give the morphology and microstructure of the products. The dielectric properties of the sintered Mg-Mn ferrites were investigated by using HP/Agilent 4291B RF impedence/material analyzer. It was found that there was no maximum dielectric loss within the measured frequency range until 1 GHz due to excellent compositional control in this method. *afauzi@eng.usm.my
Single phase nanocrystalline soft magnetic Mg 0.7-x Ni 0.3 Zn x Fe 2 O 4 , ferrites with x = 0.0 -0.7 were prepared by sol gel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of single phase nano-crystalline cubic spinel ferrites with average grain diameter ranging between 12.9 nm to 23.9 nm. Formation of the ferrite phase without subsequent heat treatment makes sol-gel auto combustion technique especially suitable and economical for the large scale industrial production of the nano-crystalline ferrites for multilayer chip inductor applications (MLCI). Both, lattice parameter and X-ray density shows a linear increase with increasing Zn 2+ concentration, attributed to the difference in ionic radii and density of Mg and Zn. Increase in Zn content enhances the soft magnetic behavior, exhibiting linear decrease of coercivity from 122.34 Oe to 72.45 Oe, explained by increase of density with Zn addition. The maximum magnetization (M max ) increases up to 0.106 Tesla (for x = 0.4) and. then decreases with increase of Zn content, discussed on the basis of increase of the occupancy of A-site in spinel ferrite by non-magnetic Zn 2+ ion.
Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 2016
Crystalline magnesium ferrite (MgFe 2 O 4) spinel oxide powder was synthesized by nitrate-citrate sol-gel auto-combustion process with stoichiometric composition of metal nitrate salts, urea and citric acid. The study was focused on the modification of synthesis conditions and effect of these modified conditions on the structural and electrical properties of synthesized MgFe 2 O 4 ceramic materials. Phase composition, crystallinity, structure and surface morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction, FTIR and SEM. Pure single phase MgFe 2 O 4 spinel ferrite was obtained after calcination at 850°C. Rietveld refinement of XRD result confirmed the single cubic phase spinel oxide with the lattice constant of a = 8.3931 Å and Fd3m symmetry. UV-visible absorption study of calcined powder revealed an optical band gap of 2.17 eV. SEM images of sintered specimens (1050-1450°C) showed that the grain size increased with the increase in sintering temperature. From the impedance results of the sintered MgFe 2 O 4 specimens, it was found that the resistance of grain, grain boundary and electrode effect decreased with an increase in sintering temperature and associated grain growth. In the intermediate frequency region lowering of impedance and dielectric values was observed due to the decrease in grain boundary areas. Mo¨ssbauer studies
Solid state synthesis of Mg–Ni ferrite and characterization by XRD and XPS
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2004
Single-phase magnesium-nickel ferrites with varying amounts of nickel and magnesium were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. A plot of lattice parameter versus composition of the ferrites (Mg x Ni ð1ÀxÞ Fe 2 O 4 , x 6 1) showed an abrupt deviation of lattice parameter linearity near MgFeO 4. The deviation was explained in terms of the distribution of Mg 2þ in the octahedral and tetrahedral sites of the oxygen lattice. In XPS spectra, a broadening of the Mg 1s peak in Ni rich Mg-Ni ferrites from that observed in pure MgFe 2 O 4 , was explained by changes in the distribution of Mg 2þ ion in tetrahedral and octahedral sites. A depth distribution of Mg in Ni 0:5 Mg 0:5 Fe 2 O 4 showed an enrichment of Mg on surface.
Preparation of Ni1−xMnxFe2O4 ferrites by sol–gel method and study of their cation distribution
Ceramics International, 2013
The nanoparticles of the spinel ferrite system Ni 1-x Mn x Fe 2 O 4 with x=0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 were prepared by sol-gel combustion technique using chlorides of Ni, Mn and Fe with citric acid as a source. The structure of ferrite materials and the particle size were determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the structure is single phase, face centered cubic with lattice parameters and the particle size ranging from 8.365Ǻ to 8.394Ǻ and 23.86Ǻ to 38.30Ǻ respectively. The lattice parameter showed a linear dependence on concentration in accordance with the Vegard's law. By analyzing XRD patterns, the cation distribution over A and B-sites was estimated through R-Factor method. The magnetic moment for each sample was determined from cation distribution on the two sites. An enhancement in the net magnetic moment was observed with gradual increase in the Mn content.
Synthesis and functional properties of the Ni 1− x Mn x Fe 2O 4 ferrites
Physica D-nonlinear Phenomena, 2011
Nanocrystalline Ni 1−x Mn x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0; 0.17; 0.34; 0.5) ferrite powders were successfully synthesized using the sol-gel combustion method, by using nitrates as cations source and citric acid (C 6 H 8 O 7 ) as combustion/chelating agent. The reaction advancement was observed by means of IR absorption spectroscopy, by monitoring two characteristic bands for the spinel compounds at about 600 cm −1 and 400 cm −1 , respectively. The as-synthesized powders were characterized by IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The magnetic study shows that the saturation magnetization decreases with increasing the Mn addition, as result of the particle size reduction. The dielectric properties were measured as a function of frequency in the range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. The real part of permittivity has values of ∼88 at 1 kHz and ∼7 at 1 Hz for x = 0. An increasing dielectric permittivity with increasing the amount of Mn is observed. For all the investigated compositions, both the real and imaginary parts of permittivity decrease with frequency.