Brain Tumors Diagnostic by Tumor Imaging Agents (original) (raw)
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Characterization of brain tumors
Neuroradiology plays an essential part in the clinical management of patients with brain tumors [1]. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, to a lesser extent, computed tomography (CT) are the cornerstones for the diagnosis, definition of extent, detection of spread and follow-up of residual or recurrent tumor [2]. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss basic and advanced neuroradiological techniques that have been developed in the examination and management of patients with brain tumors. Until recently, neuroradiological techniques were used to characterize cerebral neoplasms by: • Definition of the exact tumor location (intra-or extra-axial, supra-or infratentorial) [3,4,5]; • Demonstration of anatomy in various planes; • Display of differences in tissue density (MDCT); • Display of differences in MRI signal intensity between normal and abnormal brain tissue; • Use of contrast media to demonstrate tumor vascularity (cerebral arteriography) or to detect breakdown of the bloo...
Brain Tumors [Working Title], 2022
Brain tumor is an abnormal growth of mass of cells in (or) around the brain. Brain tumors can be malignant (cancerous) or being non-cancerous. It is the most common malignant primary intracranial tumors of central nervous system. Brain tumor can affect brain function if they grow large enough to press on surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues. Only one third of tumors formed in the brain are formed as cancerous cells. Brain tumors release molecular information to the circulation. Liquid biopsies collect and analyse tumor component in the body fluid and there is an increasing interest in investigation of liquid biopsies as substitute from tumor markers. Tumor-derived biomarkers include nucleic acids, proteins and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles that accumulate in blood (or) cerebrospinal fluid. Circulating biomarkers like O-6-methylguanine DNA methyl transferase, epidermal growth factor, isocitrate dehydrogenase, circulating tumor cells, circulating cell free micro RNAs, ...
Detection of Brain Tumor in Early Stage is Crucial
Current trends in biomedical engineering & biosciences, 2018
A brain tumor is the most common and widespread disease among these brain diseases. Early and accurate diagnosis of brain lesion is vital for determining specific treatment and prognosis. However, the diagnosis is a very challenging task and can only be performed by specialists in neuroradiology.
Brain Tumors: Signs, Detection, and Treatment
International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Among all types of cancer, brain tumor is a rare type of cancer but it is deadliest cancer. These tumors are difficult to treat, due to protected in the hard skull. All abnormal cell are not tumors but some of which can lead cancer. Around 50-60% patients of brain tumor are getting well due to advanced technology. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy play important roll to treat brain tumors, with help of MRI images tumors can be detected and treated. Right method of segmentation must use to divide patient to give them proper treatment. Region growing and clustering algorithm are commonly used region based segmentation techniques. Manual segmentation of brain tumor from magnetic resonance is non-invasive and time consuming. Computer assisted diagnosis machine learning and deep learning allow to radiologist to identify brain tumors. In recent years deep learning solve image classification, semantic segmentation and object detection.
A STUDY ON CLASSIFICATION AND DETECTION OF BRAIN TUMOR TECHNIQUES
Medical image analysis is the most challenging and emerging field in today's world, among which brain tumor classification and detection is most serious and devastating types of cancer. Brain tumor classification is one of the typical causes in diagnosing the tumor at early stage. Even if numerous tumor classification and detection methods have been presented, enhanced tumor classification and detection is still challenging because brain tumor images exhibit high diversity in tumor appearance and boundaries. Classification and detection of brain tumors uses sundry imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to examine the tumor's chemical profile, Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan). This paper review the various methods of brain tumor classification and detection in imaging techniques and overview of digital image processing techniques that are required for the research purpose are discussed.
Anatomical and biochemical investigation of primary brain tumours
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2001
Cancerous transformation entails major biochemical changes including modifications of the energy metabolism of the cell, e.g. utilisation of glucose and other substrates, protein synthesis, and expression of receptors and antigens. Tumour growth also leads to heterogeneity in blood flow owing to focal necrosis, angiogenesis and metabolic demands, as well as disruption of transport mechanisms of substrates across cell membranes and other physiological boundaries such as the blood-brain barrier. All these biochemical, histological and anatomical changes can be assessed with emission tomography, X-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Whereas anatomical imaging is aimed at the diagnosis of brain tumours, biochemical imaging is better suited for tissue characterisation. The identification of a tumoural mass and the assessment of its size and vascularisation are best achieved with X-ray CT and MRI, while biochemical imaging can provide additional information that is crucial for tumour classification, differential diagnosis and follow-up. As the assessment of variables such as water content, appearance of cystic lesions and location of the tumour are largely irrelevant for tissue characterisation, a number of probes have been employed for the assessment of the biochemical features of tumours. Since biochemical changes may be related to the growth rate of cancer cells, they can be thought of as markers of tumour cell proliferation. Biochemical imaging with radionuclides of processes that occur at a cellular level provides information that complements findings obtained by anatomical imaging aimed at depicting structural, vascular and histological changes. This review focusses on the clinical application of anatomical brain imaging and biochemical assessment with positron emission tomography, single-photon emission tomography and MRS in the diagnosis of primary brain tumours, as well as in follow-up.
Emerging trends in Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Tumor
Pakistan BioMedical Journal
Brain tumors are rare but have high mortality rate among children and young adults. The purpose of this report is to portray the situation of imaging strategies and advancements for distinguishing reaction of cerebrum tumors to remedy within the placing of multicenter medical trials. Inside as of now utilized advances, usage of institutionalized image procurement and the usage of volumetric appraisals and subtraction maps are likely going to decorate tumor notion, depiction, and dimension. Throughout the subsequent couple of years, new innovations, for instance, 23Na MRI and CEST imaging improvements may be investigated for their usage in growing the ability to quantitatively photo tumor response in order to provide remedies in a scientific trial placing. The combination of poor visualization and absence of remedial choices urge the need to enhance clinical results for patients experiencing CNS malignancies