Speciation, bioaccessibility and potential risk of chromium in Amazon forest soils (original) (raw)

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 2018

Abstract

Even though the Amazon region is widely studied, there is still a gap regarding Cr exposure and its risk to human health. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine Cr concentrations in seven chemical fractions and 6 particle sizes in Amazon soils, 2) quantify hexavalent Cr (CrVI) concentrations using an alkaline extraction, 3) determine the oral and lung bioaccessible Cr, and 4) assess Cr exposure risks based on total and bioaccessible Cr in soils. The total Cr in both A (0-20 cm) and B (80-100 cm) horizons was high at 2346 and 1864 mg kg. However, sequential extraction indicated that available Cr fraction was low compared to total Cr, with Cr in the residual fraction being the highest (74-76%). There was little difference in total Cr concentrations among particle sizes. Hexavalent Cr concentration was also low, averaging 0.72 and 2.05 mg kg in A and B horizon. In addition, both gastrointestinal (21-22 mg kg) and lung (0.95-1.25 mg kg) bioaccessible Cr were low (<1.2%). T...

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