Structural and Spatial Analysis of the Mosques of the Architect Sinan with Hexagonal and Octagonal Baldachin Systems (original) (raw)
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The works of the Ottoman Empire's Master Architect Sinan that he attached great importance to and produced the greatest in number were mosques. Mimar Sinan made use of multiple-support systems such as 4, 6 and 8-baldachins in his domed structures, planning the layouts of his domed buildings around the framework of these systems. In this article, five of Mimar Sinan's square baldachin, single-domed mosques (Edirnekapı Mihrimah Sultan, Zal Mahmut Pasha, Lüleburgaz Sokullu Mehmet Pasha, Fatih Bali Pasha and Manisa Muradiye) are selected, aiming to present an essay on the observed influence of Byzantine architecture in the domed square-baldachin and adjacent spaces that form the main area of these buildings.
A Topological and Technological Transformation Model of Mimar Sinan’s Mosques to the Present
Journal of Islamic Architecture, 2024
16 th-century Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan's mosques are one of the most efficient, refined, and elegant examples of mosque architecture. Sinan's mosques, replicated until today, have also been built widely with modern technology and materials. However, the incompatibility of the structural system and materials are seen in many new mosques is identified as a problem in this study. The study aims to develop a novel design with a contemporary structural system and material based on the principles and schemes of Sinan's highly praised and adopted mosques. First, an ideal form was derived by detecting a harmony between Sinan's mosques and the chain model; then, it was transformed and optimized according to the requirements of the timber (CLT) folded plate envisaged to be applied on a small scale. Proportions of the Sinan's mosques, parametric design and Turkish triangle were benefited to define the size and form of the emerging model. Afterward, they were discussed and evaluated in terms of plan, section, and facade. The discussion is focused on structural form yet also mentions design flexibility according to local touch and sites. Finally, a novel, contemporary, and adaptable design model that evokes the image of Sinan's mosques has been proposed.
WIT Transactions on The Built Environment
Saudi Arabia is blessed with the existence of the two Holy Mosques and the spread of Mosques. Our national heritage is full of these historic Mosques, particularly Al-Hofuf City in Al-Ahsa. The searcher of the ruins of the area must be captured by the magnificence of buildings constructed by the Ottomans in the (10th AH/ 16th AD) centuries, which led us to study the Ottoman impact in the architecture of Mosques, and how architecture could overcome the difficulties and reconcile between the planning of Ottoman architecture and building materials in local environment. We had to study documents and root of this architecture, especially after the demolition of some of them, and others are on the point of destruction. The study aimed at shedding light on the most important and oldest Ottoman Mosques in Al-Kut, namely Al-Qouba and Al-Fatih Mosques, as a model for the architecture of old Mosques, as well as highlighting their functions, planning and model their architecture, characteristics, decorative architectural elements, and ways to build them to tell a story of the fragrance of the past and the depth of our traditional heritage. In this study, we applied several methods. We first used an inductive method to collect all related research materials from books to articles and oral interviews. Next, a descriptive method is utilized to further describe Al-Fatih and Al-Qouba Mosques and determine the outline of their architecture and patterns, including their roles after the field visit. Then we implement a comparative analytic method to analyse the architectural planning of the two Mosques and their structural elements, and therefore, comparing these two Mosques architecture to identify the similarities and differences between them to derive their cultural implications and local and incoming influences. We hope that our research is of scientific benefit and a crucial source of architectural knowledge for researchers.
Architectural Study of Koca Sinan Pasha Mosque at Kaçanik, Kosova
Journal of Islamic Architecture
Koca Sinan Pasha Mosque is one of the oldest classical mosques built in Kosova during the reign of the Ottoman Empire (1389-1912). The mosque bore the name of its donor and was completed in 1594/95. It is located in a small town in the southern part of the country, in Kaçanik. Regarding its compositional scheme, the monument belongs to the examples of Ottoman-style mosques in the Balkans with local elements. Its compositional scheme comprises a prayer hall, portico, and a minaret. The paper focuses on a brief history of the Koca Sinan Pasha, the history of the mosque, architecture, pictorial and sculptural decorations, current condition, and the monument's surroundings. By doing so, the paper helps identify the challenges that the mosque faced during its existence, as well as changes in the structure of the building and its decorations that occurred with time. The study relies on the existing monument as the primary source of information. However, the documentation of the Instit...
Surrounding Wall of Mimar Sinan's Mosques: Components and Construction Techniques
Art-Sanat, 2019
The aim of the study is to determine the original characteristics of Mimar Sinan's mosques' surrounding walls in Istanbul by examining their material, construction technique, and formation properties and also to document their construction technology for conservation. The surrounding walls, that define the boundaries of the structures, have been used in civil architecture for security and privacy purposes. In monumental architecture, it was used to determine the land borders without interrupting the relationship of the structure with its periphery and also to define the spiritual boundary according to some researchers. In the first stage of the study, the location of the surrounding walls and changes in the plan schemes in the historical process were examined with archival documents and its components explained. In the next stage, the components of nine Sinan mosque's windowed surrounding walls and their relations with each other were examined depending on their material, size, and shape, and presented with visuals. As a result, it is seen that the formation properties of the surrounding walls are differentiated depending on their location, topography, visual concern, and interventions. However, their construction techniques, materials, and components are similar.
Sinan the Architect’s Process of Creating Spatial Typology
Prostor, 2023
Sinan the Architect's Process of Creating Spatial Typology: Octagonal Based Central Domes architectural composition history of structure mosque octagonal canopy dome structure Sinan the Architect The article explores the process of central planning development and domebearing systems analysis in mosques belonging to Classical Otto man Architecture, focusing on the typological plan variations found in Sinan the Architect's octagonalbased central domes. It is aimed to determine the spatial typology of these octagonal based central domes, as they play a crucial role in creating a central space in mosques. The typology studies focused on the loadbearing systems in central dome
An Overview on Islamic Architecture, Case Study; Iranian Mosques
Islamic architecture includes a vast range of buildings with different and special elements that which of them can be evaluated uniquely. There are some bright styles that are effective while evolution of Islamic architecture in middle-east such as Arabic, Azeri and Persian architecture. In this topic Iran has stand in a unique stage because Iranian architecture shows a multi-style of the architecture of mentioned cultures that happened in Iranian history. In this paper some of the Iranian mosques have been investigated to show their relations. For example; Juma Mosque of Fahraj city, Juma Mosque of Isfahan city and Juma Mosque of Yazd city in Iran show the evolution of Iranian Islamic architecture and their imitation, effect and relation with other Islamic styles. Firstly, Juma Mosque of Fahraj city is the oldest mosque that has constructed in Iran. It shows how the Persian-Sasanid architecture mixed with Arabic architecture in the first centuries of Islamic Iran eras. Then, it demonstrates mixing Persian architecture with Turkish-Seljuqs between 10th and 11th centuries when they added a minaret beside the mosque. Secondly, the Juma mosque of Isfahan city represents as a condensed history of Iranian architecture as well because it has a lot of elements that have signed with different dynasties which were ruling in Iran. Finally, the juma Mosque of Yazd city with the tallest minarets illustrates mixing Persian architecture with Azeri architecture. This paper investigated about Islamic architecture specially focusing on Iranian mosques to show the features of different styles in the frame of Islamic architecture.
Stylistic Evolution of Ottoman Mosque Facades in Sinan's Era
2013
The following conclusions on the stylistic evolution of Ottoman mosque facades were derived from the study of 25 mosques, dating from 1540—1585, most of Received on March 13, 1985 them belonging to Architect Sinan. These examples were chosen from Istanbul and its vicinity, because, although Sinan's era was a period of great building activity throughout the Ottoman provinces, stylistic coherence can be more easily detected around the copital which was less subject to diverse local influences.
Dome can be defined as a structural element which covers a large space as a whole without any support that affects its unity. Domes provide to get large spanning even with low strength construction materials by using their advantages on geometric shapes which reduces the tensile stresses. Today, the master pieces such as Pantheon, the Basilica of St. Peter and Hagia Sophia are commonly discussed with their domes in art and architectural history. On the contrary to the domes of St Peter or Hagia Sophia which are cover a single space as a dominant construction element of the building, the domes of Ottoman Architect Sinan, who was built glorious domes in Suleymaniye and Selimiye Mosques, integrate inner spaces and the structural form in a aesthetically perfect manner. This paper aims to provide a new perspective to the structural forms and space concepts of today’s modern and high-technique buildings with reference to sixteenth century’s Architect Sinan’s mosques. The similarities of those two building types in terms of the large spanning building designs are examined with the finite element computer simulations and the features of the construction materials.