Food Intake and Lipid Status of Three Vietnamese Populations with Different Incomes (original) (raw)
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Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000
Changes in the dietary pattern of the population of each country are considered to be related to trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The relationship between diet and CVD in developed countries has been extensively investigated; countries that have a high mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) tend to have a high intake of energy from fat and a high proportion of fat from animal products. 1 In comparison to developed countries, developing countries have lower levels of energy intake from fat. However, it has been estimated that by 2015, the proportion of deaths caused by CHD in developing countries will be almost twice the level in 1985. 2 In Vietnam, a country undergoing economic and nutrition transition, faced with both the old problem of nutrients deficiencies and the new problem of over nutrition, dietary habits have been greatly changed in various districts with different incomes. 3 Nutritional surveys undertaken in 1985 and 1994 in North Vietnam showed an increase of fat intake, from 8.3 to 15.4% of total energy in rural areas, and from 13.5 to 18.8% in urban areas. 4 These figures reflect a trend of increased fat consumption in various districts of Vietnam, especially in the rural. The Vietnam Heart Institute also reported an increase in the CVD mortality rate from 5.8% of adult CVD cases admitted to a hospital in 1980 to 18.7% in 1996. 5 In order to obtain more information on the fat intake in quality and risk factors for premature CVD of Vietnamese populations, we analysed serum fatty acids, lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein composition of subjects who were randomly selected from three districts with different incomes in North Vietnam: the rural, the suburban, and the urban areas of Hanoi city. From this analysis, we clarified the fat intake in quality, estimate dietary and lipidaemia risk factors for premature CVD of these populations. The profiles of serum fatty acids, lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein compositions of Vietnamese populations described in this paper are reported for the first time.
Asia Pacific Journal …, 2002
In Vietnam, increasing fat consumption is a trend recognized recently in urban areas. To obtain a reasonable nutrition status and prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is necessary to obtain information on habitual fat intake and biochemical parameters as risk factors for CVD in Vietnamese populations. Therefore, from the analysis of serum fatty acid composition, fat consumption patterns in Vietnamese populations in South Vietnam, with different incomes, are discussed in this study. In addition, some risk factors for premature CVD, serum lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein concentrations are also assessed in these Vietnamese populations. The study was carried out in men and women aged 40-59 in three different districts: urban (n = 100), suburban (n = 98) and rural (n = 98). The results of serum fatty acid composition analysis reflected differences in quality fat intake among the three populations. The urban population was estimated to consume more vegetable oil but less fish than their rural counterparts. Although serum lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein B levels were below the ranges associated with atherogenesis, ongoing attention to dietary fat intake for the prevention of CVD in Vietnamese populations is required.
Global Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2020
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia increases the risk of many diseases including coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Nutritional knowledge may act as a deterrent against unhealthy nutrition trend which is strongly associated with hyperlipidemia. We aim to evaluate the dietary habits and their influence on serum lipid profiles among university students. Methods: This study was an analytical descriptive design that started in June and finished in September 2018. A total of 200 students (100 males and 100 females), aged between 18-22 years were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and health-related data situations, lifestyle practices, and eating habits of the study population were reported by an interview questionnaire. The biochemical evaluation for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and Triglycerides (TG) was carried out. A significant result means that the P-value for the hypothesis tests was less than 0.05...
Nutrition Research and Practice, 2010
The objectives of this study were to examine the association between dietary factors and underweight and overweight adult Vietnamese living in the rural areas of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study of 497 Vietnamese aged 19 to 60 years (204 males, 293 females) was conducted in rural areas of Haiphong, Vietnam. The subjects were classified as underweight, normal weight, and overweight based on BMI. General characteristics, anthropometric parameters, blood profiles, and eating habits were obtained and dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls for 2 consecutive days. A high prevalence of both underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) and overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m²) individuals was observed (14.2% and 21.6% for males and 18.9% and 20.6% for females, respectively). For both genders, the overweight group were older than the under-and normal weight groups (P = 0.0118 for males and P = 0.0002 for females). In female subjects, the overweight group consumed significantly less cereals (P = 0.0033), energy (P = 0.0046), protein (P = 0.0222), and carbohydrate (P = 0.0017) and more fruits (P = 0.0026) than the underweight group; however, no such differences existed in males. The overweight subjects overate more frequently (P = 0.0295) and consumed fish (P = 0.0096) and fruits (P = 0.0083) more often. The prevalence of both underweight and overweight individuals pose serious public health problems in the rural areas of Vietnamese and the overweight group was related to overeating and high fish and fruit consumption. These findings may provide basic data for policymakers and dieticians in order to develop future nutrition and health programs for rural populations in Vietnam.
Dyslipidemia in Thai rural adults
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 2005
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults in a rural area of Thailand. Random sampling was conducted in 443 volunteers, 187 males and 256 females, aged > or = 35 years in Chachoengsao Province. After a 12-hour fast, the blood was drawn for the analysis of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Mean serum lipids of cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were 207.79 +/- 46.98, 117.26 +/- 36.59, 50.53 +/- 2.14 and 201.21 +/- 131.07 mg/dL, respectively. Nineteen percent of them had cholesterol > or = 240 mg/dL and 10% had LDL cholesterol > or = 160 mg/dL. Seven percent had HDL cholesterol < or = 35 mg/dL. However, LDL/HDL cholesterol ratios > 5, were found in only 0.9%. In conclusion, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in rural Thai adults. Further surveillance in this population is essential in verifying the impact of dyslipidemia as ...
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 2006
To determine the lipid levels and examine the effect of an urban lifestyle on dyslipidemia, by comparing the lipid levels and the prevalence of dyslipidemia of rural vs. urban dwellers in Thailand A cross-sectional study was conducted in both rural and urban areas of Khon Kaen province. After a 12-hour fast, blood was drawn for assessment of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol. The classification of dyslipidemia was based on the NCEP A TP III guidelines. The authors recruited 916 subjects (595 urban; 321 rural), ranging between 20 and 88 years of age. In both the men and women, the mean TC and LDL-C were significantly higher in urban vs. rural subjects (TC; 207 vs. 169 for men and 204 vs. 192 mg/dl for women and LDL-C; 120 vs. 87 for men and 122 vs. 110 mg/dl for women, p < 0.001). The rural women had a significantly higher mean TG (159 vs. 111 mg/dl, p < 0.001) but lower HDL-C (51 vs. 59, ...
Journal of Epidemiology, 1992
After determining the normal ranges of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, correlates of HDL-cholesterol were analysed in a sample of 1,283 males and 2,123 females aged 40 years and older in an agricultural area of Shibata City, Niigata Prefecture. The distribution of serum HDL-cholesterol was nearly a log-scale normal distribution curve. The median and the lower and upper normal limits were calculated theoretically and the median values were : 40-49 age group, 51.9 mg/100 ml for males and 52.5 mg/100 ml for females ; 50-59 age group, 52.5 and 51.4; 60-69 age group, 51.4 and 49.4; over 70 age group, 49.4 and 47.9. There was almost no difference in HDL-cholesterol levels between both sexes. This was explained as possibly due to alcohol intake raising HDL-cholesterol levels in males. There was a positive association of HDL-cholesterol levels with reported amount of alcohol intake in males. Inverse relationships were found between serum HDL-cholesterol levels and obesity in any age group for both sexes. An inverse correlation between percent energy contribution by carbohydrate and HDL-cholesterol was observed in males. Caloric intake was positively correlated to HDL-cholesterol in females.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2014
Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed "Western," and "Vegetarian." Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (À1.12 mmol/LÂmU/L; P¼0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (À4.77 mg/dL; P¼0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD.
Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000
The present study is unique in the Malaysian context on two counts; first, it employs for the first time a functional group approach (groups based on occupational or economic activity) in the assessment of community nutritional status. Second, the study provides on a nationwide-sampling basis, information on total blood cholesterol (TC) levels in rural children (7.0-12.9 years; n = 1921) and adolescents (13.0-17.9 years; n = 753) which were hitherto unavailable. Total blood cholesterol measurements were performed on 7184 subjects ranging from 7 to 75-years-old (males = 3151; females = 4033) from households in 69 rural villages and seven estates in peninsular Malaysia, which were based on selected multistage random sampling according to the household's involvement in the following economic activities: rice farming, rubber smallholding, coconut smallholding, fishing and employment in estates. In all functional groups, TC values increased with age and there was a distinct gender effect, namely females had higher TC values than males throughout the age spectrum analyzed. Mean TC levels for children and adolescents were in the range 3.85-4.37 mmol/L, rising markedly during adulthood to an overall mean of 4.91 ± 1.13 mmol/L for men and 5.17 ± 1.11 mmol/L for women. In adults (³ 18.0 years), there was marked disparity in mean TC values among the functional groups; males and females from rice households had the lowest mean TC values (4.58 and 4.99 mmol/L, respectively). Individuals at 'high risk' (TC > 6.20 mmol/L) averaged 16.0% in women and 11.6% in men, with women from the fishing, rubber and coconut households particularly affected (17.1-21.1%). When compared to earlier rural TC data reported for closely similar rural communities in the peninsula, the present findings suggest a 'hypercholesterolemic shift' approximating 0.39 mmol/L (15 mg/dL) in the adult population; however, this was not apparent in the children and adolescents from these rural communities.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SERUM LIPID PROFILE BETWEEN WOMEN OF RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION
Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the serum lipid profile between women of rural and urban population. Materials and Method: This is a cross sectional study that involves 40 women of the age group between 20-40 years, 20 women from rural area and 20 women from urban population. Their fasting serum lipid profile which includes serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein, Low Density Lipoprotein and Very Low Density Lipoprotein are estimated and compared by using student’s ‘t’ test. Results: The lipid profile variables Serum Total cholesterol, Serum Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein, Very Low Density Lipoprotein are significantly higher in the women of urban population and the High Density Lipoprotein value is higher in the women of rural population. Conclusion: The present study shows that the urban women has increased risk of cardiovascular disease with increased levels of serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein, Very Low Density Lipoprotein and decreased level of good cholesterol High Density Lipoprotein when compared to the age matched rural women.