Extracellular matrix changes in oral squamous cell carcinoma using special stains (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science, 2019
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) is the 3rd most common form of malignancy in developed countries[1]. The tumour is composed of two basic components i e, the neoplastic cells and the reactive stroma. The stromal changes which indicate the propensity of tumour cells to infiltrate and metastasise can also be used as one of the prognostic indicator[4,5]. Use of Picrosirius red (PSR) stain along with circular polarising microscope is helpful to detect spread of malignancy and guides the treatment plan and assess prognosis[11]. The present study is aimed to analyse the various aspects of collagen fibres in relation with the different grades OSSC. 30 patients of OSCC of various grades and 10 cases of normal mucosa were evaluated and data analysed statistically using sigma scan pro image analysis software(SPSS). Observation: Thirty patients (male-19 and female -11) of OSCC of age group 47-60 years were analysed. There were 14 well differentiated (WDSCC), 12 moderately differentiated (MD...
Assessment of Tumor Cell Morphology and Peri-Tumoral Stromal Changes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2014
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinomas are tumors with dissimilar behavioural patterns. Several cellular and extracellular changes take place throughout the process of carcinogenesis, which convey diagnostic and prognostic significance. This is an attempt to recognize significant indicators that convey the impending course of the tumor.Aims: To evaluate the alteration in the morphology of tumor cells and the stromal changes occurring in OSCC. To correlate these features with clinicopathological variables of each case Material and Methods: A total of 47 cases were included in the study. Oral squamous cell carcinomas (n=27), Leukoplakia with dysplasia (n=10), oral submucous fibrosis (n=10) cases were selected. 3 morphometrical parameters were assessed namely nuclear area (NA), cell area (CA) and their ratio (NA/CA). In addition, the birefringence patterns of collagen fibers in the peritumoralstromawere assessedResults: Nuclear area (P=.014) and nuclear to cell area ratio (P<.000...
Human pathology, 2012
It is poorly understood which cell type, tumor cells, or stromal cells are responsible for the production of extracellular matrix molecules in the neoplastic stroma. We studied the expression of 4 extracellular matrix molecules at the protein and messenger RNA levels in monocellular and 2 kinds of coculture systems between human squamous cell carcinoma (ZK-1) and fibroblast (OF-1) cell lines, which may correspond to carcinoma in situ and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ tissue sections were also investigated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for extracellular matrix. Immunohistochemically, perlecan and tenascin C were localized in carcinoma cells in carcinoma in situ, whereas they were in the stromal space in squamous cell carcinoma. In monocellular culture conditions, expression levels for perlecan, tenascin C, and laminin were more predominant in ZK-1 than in OF-1, although those for fibronectin were more enhanced...
Stromal Fibres in Pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Histochemical Study
International Journal of Dental Science and Clinical Research (IJDSCR, 2021
Objective The aim of the study was to analyse the morphological orientation of collagen & elastic fibres in the vicinity of tumor islands in varying stages of OSCC using verhoeff- Van Gieson& picrosirius red stains. Method 15 histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC (5 cases each of well, moderate and poorly differentiated) were taken from the archives. Three sections of 4 μ thickness were cut, and one section was stained with H and E followed by 1 section of each sample with PSR and Verhoeff–Van Gieson stain. The PicrosiriusRed (PSR) stained sections was observed under polarizing microscope and colour change was evaluated from reddish orange (RO), yellowish orange (YO) and greenish yellow (GY). The orientation of collagen fibres was assessed as parallel or haphazard using verhoeff-Van Gieson stain. Results Collagen fibres exhibited RO birefringence in WDSCC, YO birefringence in MDSCC and GY birefringence in PDSCC. The collagen fibres were arranged parallel in WDSCC to a haphazard orientation in PDSCC. The orientation of majority of the elastic fibres changed from perpendicular to parallel in well to poorly differentiated OSCC Conclusion Stromal characterization and histochemical analysis of collagen and elastic fibres in oral squamous cell carcinoma can provide understanding of the role of stromal components in the progression of cancer. The histochemical special stains being less expensive & less time consuming when compared to the molecular studies.
Journal of cancer research and therapeutics
Collagen is a part of structural connective tissue in every organ of the body. Study of collagen brings into focus the current knowledge of biosynthesis and degradation as a complex mechanism. One of the major aspects of tumor cell invasion and metastasis is the interaction between cancer cells and extracellular matrix component. Property of picrosirius red to enhance the birefringence is the result of basic protein nature of collagen molecules. There exists a direct relationship between the presence of type IV collagen and degree of differentiation in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells as they lose their capability to form the basement membrane. Thirty cases of oral SCC (OSCC) were evaluated for standard staining protocol of picrosirius red to analyze collagen fibers in different grades of OSCC under polarizing microscopy. In this study, moderately to poorly differentiated OSCC cases showed a gradual change in polarizing colors from yellowish orange to greenish yellow particularly...
Stromal fibers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A possible new prognostic indicator?
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 2016
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) consists of two interdependent components-the tumor epithelial cells and the stroma. These components interact on a regular basis and to an extent that discrepancy in one could affect the other. [1] Hence, for a better prediction of course and outcome of SCC, both should be given equal weightage in the evaluation/grading system. Although the epithelial component of oral SCC (OSCC) has been studied extensively, the stroma is still a less explored arena. Among the stromal components, only the inflammatory component has been included in few of the grading systems for SCC. [2] The other stromal constituents, i.e., the collagen, elastic and reticulin fibers still await to receive a recognition as an important factor in the progression of this disease. Background: Many studies have been carried out to study the role of extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases on tumor invasion. However, literature related to the analysis of connective tissue fibers in varying grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is very limited. Aim: To analyze the changes in collagen and elastic fibers in varying grades of (OSCC). Settings and Design: This retrospective study was carried out using a light and polarizing microscope. Materials and Methods: Three sections each were cut from fifty samples of varying grades of OSCC and ten samples of control followed by staining with H and E, Picrosirius-Red and Verhoeff-Van Gieson. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of collagen and elastic fibers were accomplished using set criteria. Statistical Analysis: Data were entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13.5 for analysis. Results: A change in colors of collagen fibers was seen on progressing from well to poorly differentiated OSCC. Thin collagen fibers predominantly exhibited greenish yellow, but the thick fibers exhibited a variety of colors. As the grade of OSCC progressed, collagen fibers were loosely packed haphazardly arranged. Statistically insignificant results were obtained for quantitative analysis of collagen and qualitative analysis of elastic fibers. Conclusion: The collagen fibers undergo a change in color, orientation and packing in the stroma of varying grades of OSCC. The uniqueness of this study lies in the exploration of elastic fibers in OSCC which has not been done so far.
Journal of Dental Research and Review, 2014
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) comprises a bulk of all the oral malignancies and is posing a major health problem among the population. It is an established fact that tumor stroma plays a vital role in tumor progression. Therefore, methods to detect, quantify, and analyze collagen are of immense value in this regard. Picro Sirius red, which has the capability to detect thin fibers, although frequently used, is seldom exploited to the fullest extent. Aim: Our goal is not only to identify nature of fibers, but also to assess the fiber hue and the spatial distribution of different colors in various grades of OSCC and correlate it with the metastasis of the tumor. The study has also analyzed the nature of stromal elements along the clear, close and involved surgical margins of OSCC. Materials and Methods: Ten cases each of well, moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC as well as clear, close and involved margins were stained with haematoxylin eosin and picrosirius red staining for evaluation under polarized microscope. Results: In this study we found that the birefringence of the collagen fiber changed from orange red to yellowish green from well to poorly differentiated OSCC. The collagen fibers in well-differentiated carcinoma revealed polarizing colors of reddish orange around the tumor islands in the majority of the fields. To the best of our knowledge is not being studied so far in the English literature. Conclusion: In the present study, it has been observed that stromal changes at the invading front of the tumor islands and with increasing grade of the tumor can be evaluated more efficiently with the use of Picro Sirius red stain.
Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal , 2019
Abbreviations: ECM, extracellular matrix; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma; PMD, potentially malignant disorders. ABSTRACT Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in India. The aggressiveness of OSCC is analyzed not only based on the dysplastic features and tumor infiltration pattern, but also by means of the stromal changes that pave the way for an invasion into the connective tissue. The role of elastic fibers in the progression of OSCC is still unknown because of sparse literature and the masking effect of overlying inflammatory cells and the lower number of elastic fibers in the lamina propria. The present study provides further insight into the qualitative assessment of elastic fibers in various grades of dysplasia and OSCC.
Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Diagnosis of initial epithelial pathology maybe difficult in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), early invasive squamous cell carcinoma and other atypical epithelial malignancies, under routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) stain. In this context, an appropriate differential stain capable of distinguishing epithelial cells in the connective tissue may well prove to be a valuable aid. In the present study, we endeavor to use Modified Cajal's trichrome stain for making diagnosis easier without resorting to expensive diagnostic aids. Aim of present study is to assess both the epithelial and connective tissue elements in early invasive carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma in tissue sections stained with modified Cajal's trichrome stain (MCTS) and to compare it with H and E-stained sections. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of early invasive SCC (n = 10) Verrucous carcinoma (n = 10) OSCC (n = 10) were stained with MCTS and H&E. The se...