Hepatoprotective Effect of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees Against Carbon Tetrachloride – Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Aqueous Extract of Andrographis paniculata in Wistar Rats
International journal of pharmacology and clinical sciences, 2017
Background: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata in wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into six groups with six rats in each group. First group was taken as control, and received 0.9% normal saline 10 ml/kg body weight orally. Second group was taken as CCl 4 control group and treated with normal saline (10 ml/ kg, p.o.) and CCl 4 : olive oil (1:1, 2 ml/ kg, i.p. on 2, 5 and 8 th day) daily for 20 day. The third group rats was treated with Liv 52-100 mg/ kg orally and CCl 4 : olive oil (1:1, 2 ml/ kg, i.p. on 2, 5 and 8 th day) for 20 days .The fourth and fifth groups were taken as test groups and they received crude extract of Andrographis paniculata orally once daily for 20 days at the dosage of 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively. CCl 4 : olive oil was given i.p on 2, 5 and 8 th day. On the 21 st day, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture method. The blood samples were used to estimate biochemical parameters like serum SGOT,SGPT, ALT, bilirubin and cholisterol and the liver was preserved for histopathological examination. Results: It was found that the Andrographis paniculata exhibited moderate protective effect by lowering the serum levels of SGOT,SGPT,ALT, bilirubin and cholisterol (P<0.001). Histology of liver section of animal treated with the extracts showed the hepatic cell regeneration. Conclusion: Andrographis paniculata has dose dependant hepatoprotective activity.
Medicina
Recent studies have highlighted the necessity to thoroughly evaluate medicinal plants due to their therapeutic potential. The current study delves into the phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, and hepatoprotective effect of Andrographis paniculata. The investigation specifically targets its effectiveness in mitigating liver dysfunction induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in Wistar albino rats, aiming to uncover its promising role as a natural remedy for liver-related ailments. A. paniculata leaf extract was screened for phytoconstituents and antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in Wistar albino rats against CCl4-induced liver dysfunction. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds in all extracts. The phenolic concentration ranged from 10.23 to 19.52 mg gallic acid per gram of the sample, while the highest flavonoid concentration was found in the ethanol fraction (8.27 mg rutin equivalents per gram). The antioxidant a...
Methanolic extract ofAndrographispaniculata was evaluated for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities in albino rats. The plant extract (250 and 500 mg/kg, bw.) exhibited a remarkable hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity againstparacetamol induced hepatotoxicity as judged from the serum marker enzymes and antioxidantlevels in liver tissues. Paracetamol induced a significant rise in aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lipid peroxidase(LPO) and bilirubinwith a reduction of protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD). Treatment of rats with different doses of plant extract(250 and 500 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.001) alteredserum marker enzymes and antioxidant levels to near normal againstparacetamol induce albino rats. The activity of the extract at dose of 250 mg/kg was comparable to more effective than dose of 500, mg/kgbw.). Histopathological changes of liver sample were compared with respective control. Results indicate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of Andrographispaniculataagainstparacetamol -induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.
A study on the hepatoprotective effect of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Nees on mice
Andrographis paniculata is a well known medicinal plant of Ayurveda with various pharmacological as well as medicinal properties. The present study determined the hepatoprotective effect of crude methanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata on mice. The phytochemical screening of the crude methanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata plant was also determined followed by the confirmation of the active compound using Thin Layer Chromatography. The hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata was evaluated against paracetamol induced (500 mg/kg) hepatic damage in mice. The extracts at doses of 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg were orally administered at 24 and 72 hours time interval in each group. Histological analysis of the liver and the liver protein content was determined. The results of the study indicated that the crude extracts of Andrographis paniculata at both doses exhibited a significant protective effect in the liver morphology of the paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in mice. There was also a significant decrease (P<0.05) the liver protein content of the hepatotoxic mice after the treatments. Thin Layer Chromatography confirmed the presence of active compound, diterpene lactone or andrographolide which has contributed to the hepatoprotective activity of Andrographis paniculata. Hence, the results of the present study indicated that Andrographis paniculata possess hepatoprotective effects which could compromise the medicinal use of this plant in folk medicine.
Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 2022
This research's primary focus was to evaluate the hepatoprotective potentials of Andrographis paniculata in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. A total of thirty-six (36) Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were shared equally into six (6) groups. Three of the six groups (1, 3, and 5) served as control and were given distilled water (1 ml/kg), Silymarin (50 mg/kg), and Andrographis paniculata (500 mg/kg) group. The administration duration was 28 days, after which they were given olive oil and normal saline (1 ml/kg). The other groups (2, 4, and 6) were treated similarly as 1, 3, and 5 for 28 days; after that, they were administered a single dose of carbon tetrachloride in olive oil on the 28th day. All animals were sacrificed on the 29th day after an overnight fast. Animal weights were assessed once a week during the research. Biochemical parameters were measured using the spectrophotometry method. Significant changes (p < 0.05) in the ac...
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective action of Andrographis paniculata in in-vitro cultured Hepa- tocytes
2015
Liver plays a vital role in metabolism and detoxification. Impairment due to injury or infection leads to deterioration of function may imparts many implications on one's health. Till date treatment for liver diseases by morden medicine is a challenge. Only phytoconstituents are known remedies for the liver management while allopathic medicine has little to offer for the hepatic ailments. Andrographis paniculata is well known plant in Bengal by the name 'kalmegh' Kalamegha, meaning "dark cloud". In present study single cell suspension of hepatocytes was isolated from adult wister mice through mechanical shearing, and cultured in culture petriplates in RPMI1640 with 2% agarose to provide 2D frame, supplemented with 5% FBS and streptomycin (100µg ml-1). Aqueous extract and alcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata were selected, Liv52 was selected as control drug. Hepatotoxicity was induced by 15mM CCl 4. Morphological investigation of cultured cells and micro culture tetrazolium assay (MTA Assay), confirms that hepatoprotective ability at higher dose. Dose dependent increase in viability was recorded in hepatocytes exposed to CCl 4. These finding prove the efficiency of hepatoprotective activity of Andrographis paniculata in vitro culture by normalizing biochemical actions altered by CCl 4 intoxication.
Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2013
Hepatotoxicity Swertia chirayita a b s t r a c t Background: The aim of present study was to demonstrate and compare the hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of two well-known plants Swertia chirayita Buch-Ham and Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, in Swiss albino rats. Method: The hepatotoxicity induced by single dose of CCl 4 dissolved in olive oil (1 ml/kg b.w.; p.o.) while vehicle control given food and water only. Vehicle as well as hepatotoxic rats were divided into groups (n ¼ 6). Standard group treated with Silymarin (50 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.) daily for 16 days; and treated group received ethanol extract of plant A. paniculata and S. chirayita at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o. daily for 16 days respectively. Results: Ethanol extract of plant S. chirayita and A. paniculata, at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight exhibited protective lowering effects of the serum enzyme levels SGPT, SGOT, GGTP and SALP to a significant extent. The pronounced activity observed in ethanol extract of A. Paniculata with dose of 200 mg/kg (b.w.) however decreases the elevated level of bilirubin, and lipid peroxidase (LPO). The decreased level of TP, GSH, SOD and CAT levels in CCl 4 induced hepatotoxic animal were significantly increase on treatment with ethanol extract of A. Paniculata and S. chirayita plant. The histopathological studies of liver were also supported hepatoprotective activity of A. paniculata. Conclusion: Since results of biochemical studies conclude that the ethanol extract of A.
This study aimed to assess the preventive properties of the methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata on the development of ulcers and liver damage in Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of 10 rats. The groups were given different dosages of Andrographis paniculata extract, omeprazole, orally, orally, and ethanol orally. The liver tissues were then examined for lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the extract of Andrographis paniculata showed substantial efficacy in preventing liver damage caused by ethanol. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the positive control group were significantly higher (p < 0.05), than those in the normal control group. The administration of Andrographis paniculata at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in groups 3 and 4, respectively, resulted in a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05), in MDA levels. The administration of omeprazole at a dosage of 30 mg/kg also resulted in a notable reduction (p < 0.05), in MDA levels. The positive control group exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05), in serum AST, ALT, and ALP levels, while a decrease (p < 0.05), in total protein and albumin levels. The administration of Andrographis paniculata at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, as well as omeprazole at a dose of 30 mg/kg, led to a significant reduction (p < 0.05), in AST, ALT, and ALP levels, and a significant increase (p < 0.05), in total protein and albumin levels compared to the positive control group. The findings suggest that the methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata may contain antioxidant compounds that exhibit hepatoprotective properties.
Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract Prevents Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats
PLoS ONE, 2014
This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic Andrographis paniculata leaf extract (ELAP) on thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. An acute toxicity study proved that ELAP is not toxic in rats. To examine the effects of ELAP in vivo, male Sprague Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injections of vehicle 10% Tween-20, 5 mL/kg (normal control) or 200 mg/kg TAA thioacetamide (to induce liver cirrhosis) three times per week. Three additional groups were treated with thioacetamide plus daily oral silymarin (50 mg/kg) or ELAP (250 or 500 mg/kg). Liver injury was assessed using biochemical tests, macroscopic and microscopic tissue analysis, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, HepG2 and WRL-68 cells were treated in vitro with ELAP fractions to test cytotoxicity. Rats treated with ELAP exhibited significantly lower liver/body weight ratios and smoother, more normal liver surfaces compared with the cirrhosis group. Histopathology using Hematoxylin and Eosin along with Masson's Trichrome stain showed minimal disruption of hepatic cellular structure, minor fibrotic septa, a low degree of lymphocyte infiltration, and minimal collagen deposition after ELAP treatment. Immunohistochemistry indicated that ELAP induced down regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Also, hepatic antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress parameters in ELAP-treated rats were comparable to silymarin-treated rats. ELAP administration reduced levels of altered serum liver biomarkers. ELAP fractions were noncytotoxic to WRL-68 cells, but possessed anti-proliferative activity on HepG2 cells, which was confirmed by a significant elevation of lactate dehydrogenase, reactive oxygen species, cell membrane permeability, cytochrome c, and caspase-8,-9, and, -3/7 activity in HepG2 cells. A reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential was also detected in ELAP-treated HepG2 cells. The hepatoprotective effect of 500 mg/kg of ELAP is proposed to result from the reduction of thioacetamideinduced toxicity, normalizing reactive oxygen species levels, inhibiting cellular proliferation, and inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
OALib, 2016
This work was about Andrographis peniculata (Burm. F). Ab initio, the LD50 test showed non-toxicity at the highest administered dose of 5000 mg/kg in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were treated with daily single doses of ethanol extracts (100/200/500 mg/kg) of Andrographis peniculata (A.p.) for 14 days with intermittent administration, i.p., of CCl4 every four days. Liver and kidney TBARS concentrations showed lower values with increased doses of extract administration. In both cases, "CCl4 + A.p. 500 mg/kg" values compared to "CCl4 + Silymarin" group, while "CCl4 + A.p. 100 mg/kg" showed no significant difference from "CCl4 only" group. The "NC" (normal control) however, presented the least concentration of 66.17 ± 2.74 and 38.04 ± 4.34 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Total and Indirect bilirubin concentrations indicated decreased values with increasing doses, such that respectively, the lowest values of 1.18 ± 0.47 and 0.98 ± 0.31 mg/dl in the "CCl4 + A.p. 500 mg/kg" group were observed. There was no significant difference among all the various groups except the "NC" which showed the least value. Urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the "CCl4 only" group than all others. Liver function parameters, viz., AST and ALT indicated significantly higher values in the "CCl4 only" group, compared to all others (p ≤ 0.05). Values obtained for "CCl4 + A.p. (500 mg/kg)" were comparable to the "NC" and "CCl4 + Silymarin" groups.