Evaluating GPR for Geotechnical and Hazards Assessment of Deep Mine Geology (original) (raw)
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Journal of Earth Science, 2014
This paper presents results from ground penetrating radar surveys using the SIR-10B GPR instrument (manufactured by Geophysical Survey System Inc., USA), with 400 MHz monostatic antenna (model 5 103). Survey was made over 3 excavation levels along the highway section at the Ras en Naqab escarpment area, Southwest Jordan. A total of 217 m along 4 profiles were covered in the winter of 2012. The objectives of the study are (i) to evaluate the resolution of the GPR technique in the field for detecting and locating anomalies caused by subsurface structures like cavities, fractures and faults, and (ii) to describe stratigraphic nomenclature of the subsurface rocks of the area. 2D interpretation of the obtained data and the geological information demonstrate a strong correlation between the GPR anomalies and the subsurface geology. Based upon the lateral and vertical velocity changes with depth, the thickness and orientation of the subsurface layers are outlined. Analysis of the exposed section shows good agreement between the estimated thicknesses of lithostratigraphic units and the quantitative assessment of the radar waves velocity inferred from GPR data.
APPLICATION OF GROUND PENETRATING RADAR FOR NEAR SURFACE GEOLOGY
2006
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a non-invasive tool for imaging near surface geological and hydrological settings. We have investigated the effectiveness of GPR to predict near surface lithological conditions and small-scale structural settings. The investigation was ...
Geotechnical Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
A Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) applications in the earth science has been reviewed. The fundamentals of the GPR technique and potentialities of the GPR applications in the field of geotechnical engineering are explained in this review paper. Penetration depth and vertical resolution depend on the soil conditions, characteristics of input signal and configuration of the transmitter—receiver assembly. GPR has shown to be a viable approach due to the facts that it has proven to use in wide-range of applications in the field of geo-engineering such as detection of soil and rock profiling, water-table detection and bedrock identification, identifying structural features in subsurface, and bars checking in reinforcement and beam columns. Depending upon targeted object central frequency of antenna have to be selected appropriately so as to get better resolutions of reflection profile which is to be studied in detail Different GPR central frequencies antennas results are reviewed in this ...
Interpretation Of Ground Penetrating Radar Attributes In Identifying The Risk Of Mining Subsidence
Archives of Mining Sciences, 2015
Sinkholes which occur in regions of old mine workings increase the risk to building and transport safety. Geophysical surveys, particularly with the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR), can help to locate underground voids which migrate towards the surface before they transform into sinkholes.The mining region in Upper Silesia, Poland was selected to test the method. The test was carried out on the profile at which sinkhole appeared few months after measurements. It can be assumed that the development of deformations in the ground was preceded by hydraulic and geomechanical processes, which directly caused this event. To identify the cause of the sinkhole formation exactly in this place in which it is located we carried out interpretation of GPR measurements through the calculation of GPR signals attributes such as instantaneous phase, instantaneous amplitude envelope, envelope derivative, envelope second derivative. The difference between two similar recorded data can be interpre...
Routine Application of Radar in Underground Mining Applications
Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1999, 1999
R & D into in-mine geophysics was initiated by the South African mining industry in the 1980's when a need was identified for techniques to routinely delineate geological structures from underground excavations. Since then ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been established as a routine tool in underground mining in South Africa for geological structure delineation and roof integrity studies. Routine underground application of GPR requires reliable ruggedized instrumentation and innovative survey methodologies. To this end the RockRadar system was developed, which provides excellent data quality in the harsh confined conditions encountered underground. The system allows for rapid data acquisition and in-mine data processing and interpretation. GPR is best used as a complementary tool to in-mine exploration drilling, enabling more complete characterization of sites. GPR is seldom used as a "blind" technique where little information is available about the geology ahead of mining. This strategy has enabled the successful routine underground use of radar while other in-mine techniques such as radio tomography and in-mine seismics have as yet developed limited routine implementation. Applications in metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary environments have been developed. These include ore-body delineation, mapping of faults and intrusives, and delineation of roof discontinuities. In this paper, data will be presented from the gold mines (delineation of ore-body and faulting), platinum mines (delineation of roof discontinuities and ore-body disruptions), and base-metal mines (delineation of roof discontinuities). The routine application of GPR in underground mines in South Africa was achieved by addressing the following key issues:
Applications of GPR in mineral resource evaluations
2010
Since the commercialisation of ground penetrating radar (GPR) in the 1970s, radar technology has been employed for niche applications in the mining industry. Although reliant on electrically resistive environments, GPR has gained acceptance in recent years as a standard exploration method for a number of deposit types, ranging from paleochannel delineation to iron ore mapping and kimberlite imaging.
Application of Ground Penetrating Radar for hydro-geological study
Journal of Scientific Industrial Research, 2006
The open cast mining has, in some places, extended below the groundwater table. Impact of mining may affect availability of groundwater, and this has become a matter of concern because villages in that region (near open cast mines) suffer from water scarcity during dry periods. Exploitation of an enormous amount of ore may result in groundwater depletion. However, these effects are dependent mainly on the geological formations in the region and mining method. In some places, groundwater table occurs at shallow depth from the surface and some places underlying strata are impervious clay layers, which may be above groundwater table. In most places, clay layers exist above groundwater table. Due to presence of impervious clay layers above the groundwater table, extraction of ores will most likely not affect surrounding hydrological regime of those areas. This paper aims to highlight the significance of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) survey prior to excavation in areas where impervious clay layers occur as underlying strata. GPR will be very helpful to check groundwater depletion in open cast mines indirectly after exploring the subsurface geological scenario. Hydrological regime of the mining areas will be saved with the help of GPR by distinguishing between groundwater and clay.
Ground Penetrating Radar: Techniques in Geomorphology
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is an effective tool to visualise the structure of the shallow subsurface. The purpose of this article is to offer guidelines to non-specialist GPR users on the collection, processing and interpretation of GPR data in a range of environments. The discussion on survey design focuses on single fold, fixed-offset reflection profiling, the most common mode of GPR data collection, however the design factors can be applied to other survey types. Information on the visualisation of processed data, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of GPR, is provided. Possible applications of GPR in geomorphological research are presented, along with a case study outlining how GPR can be used to measure peat thickness.