Normal Limits in Relation to Age, Body Size and Gender of Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Aortic Root Dimensions in Persons ≥15 Years of Age (original) (raw)

Reference Values for Echocardiographic Assessment of the Diameter of the Aortic Root and Ascending Aorta Spanning All Age Categories

The American Journal of Cardiology, 2014

Thoracic aortic dilatation requires accurate and timely detection to prevent progression to thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. The detection of thoracic aortic dilatation necessitates the availability of cutoff values for normal aortic diameters. Tools to evaluate aortic dimension above the root are scarce and inconsistent regarding age groups. The aim of this study was to provide reference values for aortic root and ascending aortic diameters on the basis of transthoracic echocardiographic measurements in a large cohort of children and adults. Diameters at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva (SoV) and ascending aorta (AA) were assessed with transthoracic echocardiography in 849 subjects (453 females, age range 1 to 85 years, mean 40.1-21.3 years) and measured according to published guidelines. Linear regression analysis was applied to create nomograms, as well as equations for upper limits of normal and z-scores. SoV and AA diameters were strongly correlated with age, body surface area (BSA), and weight (r [ 0.67 to 0.79, p <0.001 for all). Male subjects had significantly larger aortic dimensions at all levels in adulthood, even after BSA correction (p £0.004 for all age intervals). Gender-, age-, and BSA-specific upper limits of normal and z-score equations were developed from a multivariate regression model, which strongly predicts SoV and AA diameters (adjusted R 2 for SoV [ 0.84 and 0.67 and for AA [ 0.82 and 0.74, for male and female subjects, respectively). In conclusion, this study provides widely applicable reference values for thoracic aortic dilatation screening purposes. Age, BSA, and gender must be taken into account when assessing an individual patient.

Normal values of aortic root dimensions in healthy adults

The American journal of cardiology, 2014

The reported ranges of aortic root (AR) diameters are limited by small sample size, different measurement sites, and heterogeneous cohorts. The aim of this study was to explore the full spectrum of AR diameters by 2-dimensional transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography (TTE) in a large cohort of healthy adults. From June 2007 to December 2013, a total of 1,043 Caucasian healthy volunteers (mean age 44.7 ± 15.9 years, range 16 to 92 years, 503 men [48%]) underwent comprehensive TTE. TTE measurements of the AR were made at end-diastole in parasternal long-axis views at 4 levels: (1) annulus, (2) sinuses of Valsalva, (3) sinotubular junction, and (4) proximal ascending aorta. The absolute aortic diameters were significantly greater in men than in women at all levels, whereas body surface area-indexed aortic diameters were greater in women (p = 0.0001). No significant gender differences were registered for sinuses of Valsalva and sinotubular junction to annulus diameter ratios (p = 0...

Determinants of Aortic Root Dilatation and Reference Values Among Young Adults Over a 20-Year Period: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

Hypertension, 2015

Aortic size increases with age, but factors related to such dilatation in healthy young adult population have not been studied. We aim to evaluate changes in aortic dimensions and its principal correlates among young adults over a 20-year time period. Reference values for aortic dimensions in young adults by echocardiography are also provided. Healthy Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants aged 23 to 35 years in 1990-1991 (n=3051) were included after excluding 18 individuals with significant valvular dysfunction. Aortic root diameter (ARD) by M-mode echocardiography at year-5 (43.7% men; age, 30.2±3.6 years) and year-25 CARDIA exams was obtained. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess associations of ARD with clinical data at years-5 and -25. ARD from year-5 was used to establish reference values of ARD in healthy young adults. ARD at year-25 was greater in men (33.3±3.7 versus 28.7±3.4 mm; P<0.001) and in whites (30....

Determinants and normal values of ascending aortic diameter by age, gender, and race/ethnicity in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2013

PURPOSE-To determine the normal size and wall thickness of the ascending thoracic aorta (AA) and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in a large population-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS-The mean AA luminal diameter was measured in 3573 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants (age: 45-84 years), using gradient echo phase contrast cine MRI. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations between risk factors and AA diameter. The median and upper normal limit (95 th percentile) was defined in a "healthy" subgroup as well as AA wall thickness. RESULTS-The upper limits of body surface area indexed AA luminal diameter for age categories of 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75-84 years are 21, 22, 22, and 28 mm/m 2 in women and

Reference Curves for the Aortic Area by Age

Academic Radiology, 2013

Rationale and Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish reference curves and formulas for aortic cross-sectional area in patients from infancy to young adulthood.