A five-year Retrospective analysis of Neonatal Morbidity and its associated factors in the Inborn Specialized Neonatal Care Unit (SNCU) of Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla (original) (raw)

Background: SNCUs have reduced the mortality& morbidity along with increased the survival of sick newborns. But the limited knowledge on the magnitude of neonatal morbidity patterns and its associated factors is hampering the early intervention in these SNCUs. This study was undertaken to study the disease pattern and its associated factors among neonates admitted to the inborn sick neonatal intensive care unit of Kamla Nehru Hospital Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, India. Methods: Retrospective review of five years medical records of all neonates admitted to the Inborn Specialized Neonatal Care Unit of Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla covering the period January 2016 to December 2020 was conducted. The most important causes of admissions and its related factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 6607 neonates were admitted in the Inborn SNCU of Kamla Nehru Hospital Shimla in 5 years from Jan 2016 to Dec 2020. Among the total admissions, 3655(55.32%) were males while 2952 (44.68%) were females. Among the total admission in the SNCU in the study period, 3208 (48.55%) neonates were >2500 gm, 2483(37.58%) were1500-2499 gm, 752(11.38%) were 1000-1499gm and 164(2.48%) were <1000gm. Among the total admission 2877(43.54%) were >37 weeks of age, 2392 (36.20%) were 34-37 weeks, 1338(20.25%) were <34 weeks age. Among the total admission at SNCU,maximum 2840 (42.98%) were neonates having Jaundice which required phototherapy followed by Respiratory Distress syndrome 1420(21.49%), moderate &severe Birth Asphyxia 530 (8.02%), Others 463(7.01%), Sepsis 390(5.90%), Other causes of respiratory distress335(5.07%), Major congenital malformation 242(3.66%), Hypoglycemia 242(3.66%), Meconium aspiration syndrome 49(0.74%), Pneumonia 34(0.51%), Meningitis 26(0.39%), Hypothermia 20(0.30%) and HIE 16(0.24%). Conclusion :More centers with neonatal intensive care facilities in the hilly statesshould beestablished up by the government keeping in mind the difficult geographic terrain in Himachal Pradesh.