Potential of Energy Saving through Modification of Low Energy Housing Models (original) (raw)

Thermal simulation as design tool for residential buildings in Southeast Asia

Dynamic simulation to determine the thermal behaviour of buildings is a helpful tool for design and transient analysis. Due to geographical location, residents experience thermal discomfort, which leads to massive deployment of air-conditioning systems. The current work aims to describe how the cooling load of residential buildings can be predicted by utilizing buildings simulation software. The simulation focuses on the orientation as well as set-up of the buildings construction. Changes in orientation and insulation appliances are applied on two different designs of residential buildings. They showed up to 43% lower cooling load. Results have also indicated a positive impact in the consumption of electrical power. Since electrical power is provided by power plants burning fossil fuels, up to 40 metric tons of crude oil can be saved, which equals to a saving of up to 126 metric tons of emitted CO2.

The Role of Building Thermal Simulation for Energy Efficient Building Design

Energy Procedia, 2014

In this paper, the results of building thermal simulation of office buildings in Jakarta, Indonesia are presented using the simulation and visualization tool of DesignBuilder, an Energy Plus based dynamic thermal simulation engine. The simulation results show that for new office design, building envelope optimization and utilizing high efficiency office equipment and HVAC system, the annual energy consumption decreased by 43%. For the renovated building, implementing task lighting will reduce the energy consumption by 25%. In addition, applying task lighting with scenario improving glazing material with increasing chiller's efficiency will give additional potential reduction of 30%.

Parametric simulation for energy efficient building design of Kuwaiti domestic buildings

2017

In this paper, a building model representative of a typical Kuwaiti dwelling has been implemented and encoded within the TRNSYS-IISIBAT environment. A typical meteorological year for Kuwait was prepared and used to predict the cooling loads of the air-conditioned dwelling. Several parametric studies were conducted to enable sensitivity analyses of energy efficient domestic buildings to be carried out, namely relating to building envelope, window type, size and direction, infiltration and ventilation. Simulation results have shown the desirable features that should be adopted in domestic buildings, with a view to modification of the energy conservation code. The sensitivity analysis shows that the classical wall is to be more energyefficient than the AAC wall, both walls being commonly used in Kuwait.

THERMAL BEHAVIOUR OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA THROUGH DYNAMIC SIMULATION

Dynamic simulation to determine the thermal behavior of buildings is a helpful tool for design and transient analysis. Due to the fact of geographical location, buildings in Malaysia act like energy storage facilities. This leads to discomfort and a massive deployment of air-conditioning facilities. The current work aims to describe how the cooling load of residential buildings is to be predicted by utilizing a software Energy-Plus. The simulation focuses on the influences of the environment as well as the geographical location on the buildings. In this simulation, simple constructional changes and insulation appliances are applied on two different designs of residential houses. They showed a up to 50% lower cooling load. Results have also indicated a positive impact on the consumption of electrical power. Hence, building simulation is a supportive application and useful for energy efficient design in the pre-design stage, as well as for identifying the energy optimization potentials of existing residential buildings.

A building energy simulation methodology to validate energy balance and comfort in zero energy buildings

The construction of Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) is one of the objectives in the road to the low-carbon economy by 2050. NZEB design includes a reduction of current energy demands and the balance between consumption and on-site energy generation without compromising indoor comfort conditions. Building designers are using building information modeling (BIM) and building energy simulation (BES) tools to validate design decisions and to evaluate energy balance in buildings. However, the flow of information between BIM software and BES tools has not been solved yet. This work proposes a method to address the decision-making process at three different stages of the building design. Initially, the use of BIM over the architectural design process helps architects to make meaningful decisions related to the passive solar heat gains and envelop materials. Secondly, a more advanced BES is used to analyze the strategies of ventilation and the influence of heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Finally, a new method to integrate water flow glazing (WFG) is implemented to increase the comfort in those areas of the building with a large area of glass. Applying the right strategy for natural ventilation can reduce the thermal loads by 45% in Summer. Using WFG minimizes the gap between indoor air temperature and operative temperature according to the results. A building energy simulation methodology to validate energy balance and comfort in zero energy buildings. Nomenclature BES Building Energy Simulation SG Total building glazing surface area, m 2 BIM Building Information Modeling SB Total building opaque envelope surface area, m 2 WFG Water Flow Glazing SF Total building floor surface area, m 2 c Mean specific heat capacity of the building, J/kg K UB Opaque envelope thermal transmittance, W/m2K g g value of the glass UG Glazing thermal transmittance, W/m 2 K gON g value for water flow glazing at maximum flow rate UW Water thermal transmittance, W/m 2 K gOFF g value for water flow glazing without water circulation θi(t) Indoor temperature, K hi Interior heat transfer coefficient, W/m 2 K θi Mean indoor temperature, K I(t) Impinging radiation on the glazing, W/m 2 θe(t) Outdoor temperature, K Ī Mean impinging radiation on the glazing, W/m 2 θe Mean outdoor temperature, K m Mean thermal mass of the building, kg θw(t) Water temperature inside water flow glazing and cooling ceiling, K q(t) Internal heat loads, W/m 2 θw Mean water temperature inside WFG panel q Mean internal heat loads, W/m 2

Thermal Performance Simulation of Residential Building in Tropical Climate Case Study: Housing in Bandar Universiti, Malaysia

2017

Malaysia is one of country in with tropical climate that many people using air conditioning system to get indoor thermal comfort level. Computer simulation is one of method to predict the thermal performance of building. This paper focused on the thermal analysis of one storey row residential building at Bandar Universiti, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia. The objectives of this research were to investigate thermal performance of a residential building in tropical climate by Ecotect software simulation and to compare between ceramic roof, metallic roof and green roof due to temperature reduction. This research has focused on single storey terrace houses in Bandar Universiti, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia. The building model was row house for single family (livingroom-diningroom and master bedroom) and simulated using Autodesk Ecotect Analysis 2011 software. Metal roof has highest range of maximum and minimum compared with clay roof, concrete roof, and green roof. The lowest indoor ai...

Building energy performance simulation: a case study of modelling an existing residential building in Saudi Arabia

Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability, 2021

Saudi Arabia, like many other developing countries, has had extensive experience with rapid urbanisation and infrastructure expansion, especially in the area of buildings. Buildings play an even bigger part, accounting for roughly 80% of total national electricity consumption. Forecasts indicate that domestic energy consumption will rise at a rate of 4 to 5% annually by2030, based on current local energy consumption patterns. A significant portion of this energy consumption growth results from the inefficient use of energy, and absence of coordinated enforcement and stakeholder engagement. This paper presents results of a study performed to propose potential energy-saving and CO₂ reduction techniques for residential buildings in hot climates, by critically examining an existing and recent building types. A model was designed using computer-based simulation software, DesignBuilder (DB), and the energy performance was then validated against the actual collected data. Building related parameters that make the construction systems behave differently in terms of energy efficiency were analysed. Additional simulations were run with the chosen building's shape, fabric, and user behaviour. Thermal insulation in the walls and roof can save about 45% in overall energy consumption, and when combined with other energy efficiency measures (EEMs), a substantial reduction of 67% can be achieved, according to the findings. In the residential sector, improvements in building energy efficiency were obtained from the perspectives of both technological capacity and initiative energy conservation consciousness.

Exploring role of different floor, wall and roof details in energy efficiency of a bungalow house in Malaysia

Scientific Research and Essays, 2011

Energy has undeniable role in sustainable architecture. Building sections consume 15 to 60% of whole energy in different countries. Residential sector includes 19% of energy consumption in Malaysia. In this study, a bungalow house as a common low density house in Malaysia was simulated by Design Builder software based on Energy plus program. Then its different components including floor, wall, roof and their influence were explored by simulations of various alternatives. Results showed that naturally ventilated raised floor in first floor with 19 mm wooden material could save 9.4% of cooling electricity. Changing wall detail of first floor (naturally ventilated floor at night time) from heavyweight to lightweight could save 16% of cooling energy and replacing white painted steel instead of concrete tile could decrease 5.8% more cooling energy. Composition of these components in proposed house presented 28.3% cooling energy saving.

Simulation of energy consumption for Kuwaiti domestic buildings

2008

Economic and industrial development in countries which have a dry desert climate has led to an increasing demand for electricity, much of which is consumed in air conditioning systems, which is used extensively to overcome the indoor thermal discomfort during the harsh summer seasons. Reduction of energy consumption in buildings is a major aim worldwide and is a particular challenge in desert climate. Such conditions exist in a number of areas throughout the world: one such area is the state of Kuwait. In Kuwait, the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW) issued an energy conservation code in 1983, which is still in force and has not been modified, whereas more effective energy-efficient products and techniques have been developed since then. In addition, electrical energy in Kuwait is highly subsidized by the government, with complete disregard to the new products and techniques. Thus, well-defined energy conservation code with effective and energy-efficient design would have both economical and environmental benefits for the Kuwaiti government. Furthermore, practical applications using building and plant simulation programs are becoming increasingly accepted as a design tool for carrying out or confirming the performance of proposed building designs or to evaluate the effects of varying design parameters. A building model representative of a typical Kuwaiti dwelling has been implemented and encoded within the TRNSYS-IISIBAT environment. A typical meteorological year for Kuwait was prepared and used to predict the cooling loads of the air-conditioned dwelling. Several parametric studies were conducted to enable sensitivity analyses of energy-efficient domestic buildings to be carried out, namely relating to building envelope, window type, size and direction, infiltration and ventilation. Simulation results have shown the desirable features that should be adopted in domestic buildings, with a view to modification of the energy conservation code.

TOWARD A SUSTAINABLE HOUSING HOW THE COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING CAN IMPACT ON ITS ABILITY TO KEEP INTERNAL TEMPERATURE CONSTANT

The energy consumptions, in the building field specially, is being important like the economic fields. Now is not so easy preview the energy consumption of a building in each steps of the design process. Very often the test of every design choices is made at the end of the final project or at less at the end of each steps. This is often a problem for the designer and for the final results because there isn't a clear data of how much each choice will change the energy consumptions of the final building. The idea is to create a system of knowledge about the quantification and parameterization of the most relevant architectural and technological choices to be taken when dealing with residential energetic consumptions. This knowledge is based on a data, taken from an interpolation of the data of many simulations. The result is a " level " of consumptions of each choice. These levels can help the designer to know how much cost, in term of energy, each choice. The methodology used was based on an energetic simulation of a real building (chosen by his characteristics particularly diffused on the Italian and Roman territory), aiming to quantify its consumptions and analyze the most efficient combinations in order to lower the CO2 impact. The model obtained from the simulation was assumed as point 0. Starting from it, variations on the morphology of the building were applied, e.g. on its orientation, its shapes, the techniques used, the disposition of the architectural elements, etc and all tested. This leads to the elaboration of apartments models, result of the combinations of the best tested components. After with the best tested apartments where combined in a buildings models and tested again. At the end we have a best building typology with the same characteristics of the first one, which is ready to be transformed in a building project. At the end of the building design (reach following the guideline of the model and the personal target) energetic impact simulated was tested with the starting data: the result was, related to the exactly same building typology, footprint and highness, with a reduction of energetic consumptions near to 50% and an increase in the space of the 20%. This is the base for suggest a system, compendium or software for help the designers to monitoring the energy consumptions of any choice in real time. It could be exported for any type of building and climate.