Xia 2006 Combined microfluidic-micromagnetic separation of living cells (original) (raw)

Combined microfluidic-micromagnetic separation of living cells in continuous flow

Biomedical Microdevices, 2006

This paper describes a miniaturized, integrated, microfluidic device that can pull molecules and living cells bound to magnetic particles from one laminar flow path to another by applying a local magnetic field gradient, and thus selectively remove them from flowing biological fluids without any wash steps. To accomplish this, a microfabricated high-gradient magnetic field concentrator (HGMC) was integrated at one side of a microfluidic channel with two inlets and outlets. When magnetic micro- or nano-particles were introduced into one flow path, they remained limited to that flow stream. In contrast, when the HGMC was magnetized, the magnetic beads were efficiently pulled from the initial flow path into the collection stream, thereby cleansing the original fluid. Using this microdevice, living E. coli bacteria bound to magnetic nanoparticles were efficiently removed from flowing solutions containing densities of red blood cells similar to that found in blood. Because this microdevice allows large numbers of beads and cells to be sorted simultaneously, has no capacity limit, and does not lose separation efficiency as particles are removed, it may be especially useful for separations from blood or other clinical samples. This on-chip HGMC-microfluidic separator technology may potentially allow cell separations to be carried out in the field outside of hospitals and clinical laboratories.

Microfluidic device for continuous magnetophoretic separation of white blood cells

Microsystem Technologies, 2009

This paper presents a microfluidic device for magnetophoretic separation of red blood cells from blood under continuous flow. The separation method consists of continuous flow of a blood sample (diluted in PBS) through a microfluidic channel which presents on the bottom ''dots'' of ferromagnetic layer. By applying a magnetic field perpendicular on the flowing direction, the ferromagnetic ''dots'' generate a gradient of magnetic field which amplifies the magnetic force. As a result, the red blood cells are captured on the bottom of the microfluidic channel while the rest of the blood is collected at the outlet. Experimental results show that an average of 95% of red blood cells is trapped in the device.

Microfluidic high gradient magnetic cell separation

Journal of Applied Physics, 2006

Separation of blood cells by native susceptibility and by the selective attachment of magnetic beads has recently been demonstrated on microfluidic devices. We discuss the basic principles of how forces are generated via the magnetic susceptibility of an object and how microfluidics can be combined with micron-scale magnetic field gradients to greatly enhance in principle the fractionating power of magnetic fields. We discuss our efforts and those of others to build practical microfluidic devices for the magnetic separation of blood cells. We also discuss our attempts to integrate magnetic separation with other microfluidic features for developing handheld medical diagnostic tools.

Han 2004 Continuous magnetophoretic separation of blood cells in microdevice

This paper presents a method for continuous magnetophoretic separation of red and white blood cells from whole blood based on their native magnetic properties. The microsystem separates the blood cells using a high gradient magnetic separation method without the use of additives such as magnetic tagging or inducing agents. A theoretical model of the magnetophoretic microseparator is derived and verified by comparison with finite element simulation. The microseparator is fabricated using microfabrication technology, enabling the integration of microscale magnetic flux concentrators in an aqueous microenvironment, providing strong magnetic forces, and fast separations. Experimental tests are performed using a permanent magnet to create an external magnetic flux of 0.2 T, and measuring the movement of red blood cells within the microchannel of the microseparator. The experimental results correlate well with the theoretical results.

Inglis 2006 Microfluidic high gradient magnetic cell separation

Separation of blood cells by native susceptibility and by the selective attachment of magnetic beads has recently been demonstrated on microfluidic devices. We discuss the basic principles of how forces are generated via the magnetic susceptibility of an object and how microfluidics can be combined with micron-scale magnetic field gradients to greatly enhance in principle the fractionating power of magnetic fields. We discuss our efforts and those of others to build practical microfluidic devices for the magnetic separation of blood cells. We also discuss our attempts to integrate magnetic separation with other microfluidic features for developing handheld medical diagnostic tools.

Microfluidic device for continuous magnetophoretic separation of red blood cells

2008

This paper presents a microfluidic device for magnetophoretic separation red blood cells from blood under continuous flow. The separation method consist of continuous flow of a blood sample (diluted in PBS) through a microfluidic channel which presents on the bottom "dots" of ferromagnetic layer. By applying a magnetic field perpendicular on the flowing direction, the ferromagnetic "dots" generate a gradient of magnetic field which amplifies the magnetic force. As a result, the red blood cells are captured on the bottom of the microfluidic channel while the rest of the blood is collected at the outlet. Experimental results show that an average of 95 % of red blood cells is trapped in the device. I.

Continuous microfluidic immunomagnetic cell separation

Applied Physics Letters, 2004

We present a continuous-flow microfluidic device that enables cell by cell separation of cells selectively tagged with magnetic nanoparticles. The cells flow over an array of microfabricated magnetic stripes, which create a series of high magnetic field gradients that trap the magnetically labeled cells and alter their flow direction. The process was observed in real time using a low power microscope. The device has been demonstrated by the separation of leukocytes from whole human blood.

Paramagnetic microchip for high-gradient separation of blood cell

2008

This paper presents a magnetophoretic separation method on a chip of white blood cells from blood under continuous flow. The separation of red blood cells from the whole blood is performed using a high gradient magnetic separation method under continuous flow to trap the particles inside the device. The device is fabricated by microfabrication technology and enables to capture the red blood cells without the use of labelling tecniques such as magnetic beads. The method consists of flowing diluted whole blood through a microfluidic channel where a ferromagnetic layer, subjected to a permanent magnetic field, is located. The majority of red blood cells are trapped at the bottom of the device while the rest of the blood is collected at the outlet. Experimental results show that an average of 95% of red blood cells are trapped in the device.

Separation of magnetic beads in a hybrid continuous flow microfluidic device

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2017

Magnetic separation of biological entities in microfluidic environment is a key task for a large number of bioanalytical protocols. In magnetophoretic separation, biochemically functionalized magnetic beads are allowed to bind selectively to target analytes, which are then separated from the background stream using a suitably imposed magnetic field. Here we present a numerical study, characterizing the performance of a magnetophoretic hybrid microfluidic device having two inlets and three outlets for immunomagnetic isolation of three different species from a continuous flow. The hybrid device works on the principle of split-flow thin (SPLITT) fractionation and field flow fractionation (FFF) mechanisms. Transport of the magnetic particles in the microchannel has been predicted following an Eulerian-Lagrangian model and using an in-house numerical code. Influence of the salient geometrical parameters on the performance of the separator is studied by characterizing the particle trajectories and their capture and separation indices. Finally, optimum channel geometry is identified that yields the maximum capture efficiency and separation index.

Paramagnetic microchip for high-gradient separation of blood cell

Micro- and Nanotechnology: Materials, Processes, Packaging, and Systems IV, 2008

This paper presents a magnetophoretic separation method on a chip of white blood cells from blood under continuous flow. The separation of red blood cells from the whole blood is performed using a high gradient magnetic separation method under continuous flow to trap the particles inside the device. The device is fabricated by microfabrication technology and enables to capture the red blood cells without the use of labelling tecniques such as magnetic beads. The method consists of flowing diluted whole blood through a microfluidic channel where a ferromagnetic layer, subjected to a permanent magnetic field, is located. The majority of red blood cells are trapped at the bottom of the device while the rest of the blood is collected at the outlet. Experimental results show that an average of 95% of red blood cells are trapped in the device.