Comparative proteomic analysis of saliva from dogs with and without obesity-related metabolic dysfuntion (original) (raw)
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Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2009
Obesity and endogenous hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) are common clinical conditions in veterinary practice, and both conditions have clinical and laboratory similarities, such as weight gain and dyslipidemia. The objective of the present study was to characterize and compare the lipid profiles and plasma lipoprotein fractions in healthy dogs (n 5 10), in obese dogs (n 5 10), and in dogs with HAC (n 5 6). All of the dogs were client owned. The lipoproteins were separated by fast protein liquid chromatography, and the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and total triacylglycerol (TAG) were determined by enzymatic methods. When compared with the healthy and obese groups, dogs with HAC had a significant increase (P , 0.01) in the total concentrations of TAGs and cholesterol (CHOL), with higher distribution in the very lowdensity lipoprotein (VLDL)-CHOL fractions. In addition, the distributions of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-CHOL and HDL-TAG fractions were significantly lower (P , 0.01) in dogs with HAC than in healthy dogs. Considering the animals in this study, it was determined that the dogs with HAC differed significantly from the healthy and obese dogs regarding the metabolism of CHOL and TAG, as well as their VLDL and HDL fractions. Similar laboratory findings could allow veterinarians to distinguish obese dogs from those with HAC. In addition, dogs with HAC may be at higher risk for developing metabolic and atherosclerotic complications.
Animals, 2021
Obesity is a common problem in pet dogs, affecting half of the general population in some countries. Excess body weight causes several disorders and has a negative impact on dogs’ quality of life. The use of metabolomics allows the identification of metabolite traces from the metabolic pathways involved in pathological processes. This study aimed to evaluate salivary metabolite variations in dogs with obesity. The salivary samples of 19 dogs were analyzed using a targeted metabolomic approach, through which 234 metabolites were quantified. Of these, multivariate analysis identified 27 different metabolites altered in dogs with obesity compared with control dogs. These metabolites were mainly classified as amino acids, glycerides, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and acylcarnitines. Some of the changes in these metabolites reflect the insulin resistance status related to obesity in dogs. Overall, it can be concluded that the salivary metabolome of obese dogs reflects the metaboli...
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2015
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is thought to play an important role in the inflammatory response associated with human obesity. The purpose of this preliminary study was to determine oxidized LDL concentrations in healthy dogs and cats, and to evaluate whether obesity affects oxidized LDL concentration, using 39 cats and 19 dogs that had visited two different veterinary clinics in Japan. We hypothesized that oxidized LDL concentrations measured against body condition score (BCS) may have a potential value in evaluating the qualities of accumulated or circulating lipids in obese dogs and cats that do not show signs of metabolic diseases. The mean oxidized LDL value in BCS3 dogs (2.4 ± 0.9 µg/dl) was very similar to that of BCS5 dogs (2.2 ± 0.3 µg/dl). The mean oxidized LDL value of BCS4 dogs was 7.2 ± 10.3 µg/dl and the highest among three groups. BCS4 dogs included two dogs whose oxidized LDL values were higher than the mean oxidized LDL value of healthy humans (11.2 ± 0.3 µg/dl). On the other hand, the mean oxidized LDL value of BCS3 cats was 2.5 ± 0.9 µg/dl, and those of BCS4 and 5 cats were higher than that of BCS3, but there was no significant difference. The BCS4 cat group included one cat with a higher oxidized LDL value, and the BCS5 group also included two cats with oxidized LDL values higher than the mean oxidized LDL value of healthy humans. Interestingly, the oxidized LDL values in two obese dogs and three obese cats were indeed higher than the mean oxidized LDL value of humans with coronary artery disease (20.1 ± 1.1 µg/dl). In conclusion, this preliminary study showed reference ranges of oxidized dogs and cats against BCS. Obesity alone does not appear to have any direct effect on serum oxidized LDL values in healthy dogs and cats.
Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2023
Background: Obesity, which has recently created many problems in humans and animals, is stated as being above 15-20% of normal body weight. This condition is commonly classified using body condition scoring in dogs. This study compared oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), routin e hemograms and biochemicals in obese dogs and dogs with normal body conditions. Methods: Blood samples were taken from 20 normal body condition and 20 obese dogs. ADMA, oxidative stress and routine hematologic and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Result: Platelet count (p = 0.009), blood urea nitrogen (p <0.001), cholesterol (p = 0.006), ADMA (p <0.05) and malondialdehyde (p<0.001) were statistically high, while superoxide dismutase and catalase (p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively) were statistically low in the obese group than the normal body condition group. As a result, we think the interpretation of the indicated biomarkers may help evaluate obesity and related pathologies in dogs, monitor treatment, or help prevent potential problems associated with obesity.
Interbreed variation of biomarkers of lipid and glucose metabolism in dogs
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
Background: Markers of lipid and glucose metabolism are used in both clinical practice and research. Detection of abnormal laboratory results often relies on speciesspecific reference intervals, but interbreed variation can also affect data interpretation. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to compare concentrations of selected biochemical variables among different dog breeds. Methods: We analyzed a database containing information on biochemical variables from 534 dogs belonging to nine different breeds. All dogs were confirmed to be healthy based on history, physical examination, and ancillary tests. Concentrations of glucose, fructosamine, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty acids, and C-reactive protein were compared using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. Results: All variables tested showed significant interbreed differences, although all breeds remained within the previously established RIs for dogs. Fructosamine, insulin, and cholesterol showed a wide interbreed variation that could affect the interpretation of results. Conclusions: Breed is an important factor to consider when assessing energy metabolism in dogs, especially for markers like fructosamine, insulin, and cholesterol, which vary considerably among breeds.
Veterinary World, 2022
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a carbohydrate metabolism disorder produced mainly by a deficit in insulin production or insulin resistance. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) is a broad method for estimating insulin resistance and β-cell function. This study aimed to evaluate the stages of insulin resistance using non-linear HOMA index analysis in normoglycemic normal weight and obese canines. Materials and Methods: Insulin resistance was evaluated using the mathematical HOMA non-linear model in canines with different body and glycemic conditions. Forty canines were studied, including 20 normoglycemic normal weight canines and 20 normoglycemic obese canines. Chi-square statistical test was applied, in which the body condition and HOMA non-linear index were evaluated. The Spearman correlation test was conducted to evaluate the glycemic and insulin variables in both types of canines. Results: The Spearman correlation presented a correlation between increased blood glucose levels and insulin in obese canines, with a correlation of 0.79, while no significant changes in insulin were found in normal weight canines with different blood glucose levels, with a correlation of –0.11. The analysis of the non-linear HOMA index showed significant differences between non-linear HOMA insulin resistance in normal weight and obese canines, with a Chi-square statistic of 16.9424 and p = 0.000039. Canine with increased HOMA 2 showed higher levels of insulin with increasing blood glucose compared to those with normal HOMA 2. Conclusion: The HOMA 2 is a marker for evaluating increased insulin resistance in obese dogs and can be used to determine patients at risk for glycemic alterations.