Biochemical polymorphism in yellow catfish Mystus nemurus from Thailand (original) (raw)

Biochemical polymorphism in yellow catfish, Mystus nemurus (C&V), from Thailand

Biochemical …, 2000

Yellow catfish, Mystus nemurus (Cuv. & Val.), is becoming one of the major freshwater species farmed by aquaculturists in Southeast Asia. It was of interest to examine levels of genetic subpopulation differentiation among samples of this species obtained from parts of its range, as well as to compare the genetics of wild and hatchery-bred fish. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis and histochemical staining techniques were used to examine genetic variation within and among eight wild and one hatchery populations of M. nemurus from northern, northeastern, central and southern Thailand. Four tissues (heart, liver, kidney, and muscle) from individual specimens were used to analyze variations at 23 protein-coding loci. Fifteen of the 23 loci examined (65.22%), namely, were polymorphic at the 0.95 level. Observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.041 to 0.111, with an average of 0.068 Ϯ 0.028. Genetic distances ranged from 0.005 to 0.164. The greatest genetic distance was found between the Chainat and the Suratthani populations (0.164), a level indicative of subspecific differentiation in M. nemurus from within Thailand.

Genetic variation, population structure and identification of yellow catfish, Mystus nemurus (C&V) in Thailand using RAPD, ISSR and SCAR marker

Molecular Biology Reports, 2012

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to investigate the genetic structure of four subpopulations of Mystus nemurus in Thailand. The 7 RAPD and 7 ISSR primers were selected. Of 83 total RAPD fragments, 80 (96.39%) were polymorphic loci, and of 81 total ISSR fragments, 75 (92.59%) were polymorphic loci. Genetic variation and genetic differentiation obtained from RAPD fragments or ISSR fragments showed similar results. Percentage of polymorphic loci (%P), observed number of alleles, effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity (H) and Shannon's information index revealed moderate to high level of genetic variations within each M. nemurus subpopulation and overall population. High levels of genetic differentiations were received from pairwise unbiased genetic distance (D) and coefficient of differentiation. Mantel test between D or gene flow and geographical distance showed a low to moderate correlation. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that variations among subpopulations were higher than those within subpopulations. The UPGMA dendrograms, based on RAPD and ISSR, showing the genetic relationship among subpopulations are grouped into three clusters; Songkhla (SK) subpopulation was separated from the other subpopulations. The candidate species-specific and subpopulation-specific RAPD fragments were sequenced and used to design sequencecharacterized amplified region primers which distinguished M. nemurus from other species and divided SK subpopulation from the other subpopulations. The markers used in this study should be useful for breeding programs and future aquacultural development of this species in Thailand.

Genetic variation, population structure and identification of yellow catfish, Mystus nemurus (C&V) in Thailand using RAPD, ISSR and SCAR marker

Molecular Biology Reports, 2011

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to investigate the genetic structure of four subpopulations of Mystus nemurus in Thailand. The 7 RAPD and 7 ISSR primers were selected. Of 83 total RAPD fragments, 80 (96.39%) were polymorphic loci, and of 81 total ISSR fragments, 75 (92.59%) were polymorphic loci. Genetic variation and genetic differentiation obtained from RAPD fragments or ISSR fragments showed similar results. Percentage of polymorphic loci (%P), observed number of alleles, effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity (H) and Shannon's information index revealed moderate to high level of genetic variations within each M. nemurus subpopulation and overall population. High levels of genetic differentiations were received from pairwise unbiased genetic distance (D) and coefficient of differentiation. Mantel test between D or gene flow and geographical distance showed a low to moderate correlation. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that variations among subpopulations were higher than those within subpopulations. The UPGMA dendrograms, based on RAPD and ISSR, showing the genetic relationship among subpopulations are grouped into three clusters; Songkhla (SK) subpopulation was separated from the other subpopulations. The candidate species-specific and subpopulation-specific RAPD fragments were sequenced and used to design sequencecharacterized amplified region primers which distinguished M. nemurus from other species and divided SK subpopulation from the other subpopulations. The markers used in this study should be useful for breeding programs and future aquacultural development of this species in Thailand.

Genetic Variation among Cat Fish (Mystus vittatus) Population Assessed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic (RAPD) Markers from Assam, India

Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 2015

Mystus vittatus is a small indigenous fish species having higher nutritional value in terms of protein, micronutrients, vitamins and minerals. But the catfish aquaculture including Mystus sp has not been developed extensively for its aquaculture potential even though the demand of catfishes in the Indian domestic markets are very high. Therefore for good aquacultural practices and to maintain a healthy gene pool, detailed knowledge on the population structure of Mystus sp. is needed. In the present study molecular and morphological analysis of a population of Mystus vittatus caught from four different freshwater bodies of Assam about 100-400 km away from each other was done using RAPD markers. Total 412 RAPD fragments were generated using nine decamer primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequences. In the experiment 322 polymorphic bands and 90 monomorphic bands were produced which shows 78.15% of polymorphism and 21.84% of monomorphism. UPGMA dendrogram constructed on the basis of genet...

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction analysis of two different populations of cultured Korean catfish Silurus asotus

Journal of Biosciences, 2001

Genetic similarity and diversity of cultured catfishSilurus asotus populations collected from two areas in western Korea were examined using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Out of 20 random primers tested, 5 produced 1344 RAPD bands ranging from 8.2 to 13.6 polymorphic bands per primer. The polymorphic bands in these populations ranged from 56.4% to 59.6%. Polymorphic bands per lane within populations ranged from 4.9% to 5.3%. The similarity within the Kunsan population varied from 0.39 to 0.82 with a mean (± SD) of 0.56 ± 0.08. The level of bandsharing values was 0.59 ± 007 within the catfish population from Yesan. The genetic similarity in cultured catfish populations may have been caused because individuals from two populations were reared in the same environmental conditions or by inbreeding during several generations. However, in view of bandsharing values, polymorphic bands and also the specific major bands that were inter-population-specific, significant genetic differentiation between these populations were present even if bandsharing (BS) values were somewhat numerically different. Therefore, the number of RAPD polymorphisms identified in this study may be sufficient to permit estimating genetic similarity and diversity. However, in future, additional populations, sampling sites and individuals will be necessary to make up for these weak points.

Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Mekong Giant Catfish, Striped Catfish, and Their Hybrids From Thailand

Tropical Conservation Science

Previous genetic investigations of the Mekong giant catfish ( Pangasianodon gigas Chevey, 1913) and striped catfish ( Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878) provided discordant results. Here, we sequenced mitochondrial (mt) DNA of the cytochrome B region, and a control region, to characterize the genetic variation of P. gigas, P. hypophthalmus, and hybrids of these two species. Among the three groups, P. hypophthalmus had the greatest diversity in both regions, yet all three studied groups showed lower genetic diversity compared to the results of previous studies. The Bayesian Skyline Plots showed a reduction in effective population sizes of the parental species. The hybrids were found to have a constant population size with a recent divergence time. As expected, the network and neighbor joining tree showed a close maternal genetic relationship between the hybrid and P. hypophthalmus, a reflection of the breeding between male P. gigas and female P. hypophthalmus. Our results pro...

Genetic characteristics of senggaringan fish (Mystus singaringan) from Klawing river, Brantas River and Thailand as the basis of conservation and domestication

2019

The aim of this study was to determine the genetic relationship and distance of Mystus singaringan from Klawing river in Central Java, from Brantas river in East Java and from Thailand. Five samples of M. singaringan were taken, and the CO1 gene was isolated and amplified by PCR. The sequencing results were analyzed for kinship using the Maximum Likelihood method based on TamuraNei model, and genetic distance assessed using Kimura two-parameter method. The results revealed that the COI genes of M. singaringan from Klawing river had 99% sequence identity with M. singaringan from Brantas river and from Thailand. The base identifier of the M. singaringan sequences in Indonesia from Klawing river was guanine, while the Brantas river was adenine. The genetic distance of M. singaringan from Klawing river and from Brantas river (the origin of Klawing river) was 0.07 and 0.09 respectively, while the genetic distance from M. singaringan of Thailand was 0.14. These genetic distances were very...

Genetic diversity of wild Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas collected from Thailand and Cambodia

Fisheries Science, 2007

The Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas is endemic to the Mekong River and is a critically endangered species. The genotypes of the microsatellite DNA (msDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers (right domain of the control region) were detected to evaluate the present status of genetic divergence of this species from the Mekong River in Thailand and Cambodia. The observed and expected heterozygosity values of Mekong giant catfish in Thailand and Cambodia were relatively low in comparison with those of other nonendangered freshwater fish species. These two populations from Thailand and Cambodia showed similar levels of genetic diversity, as evaluated by the 384 nucleotides of the mtDNA control region with 13 haplotypes. The pairwise FST value between the two populations based on the genotype frequencies of msDNA and mtDNA markers suggested a close genetic relationship between the populations in Thailand and Cambodia. The results of this study support the conclusion that the Mekong giant catfish is critically endangered. Care should be taken to sustain the genetic diversity of this species, as the level of genetic variability has already decreased in the wild population. This species is a target species for an ongoing stock enhancement program in the Mekong River in Thailand. It is proposed to apply these markers for proper broodstock management, such as for minimal kinship selective breeding in the hatchery.

Allozyme revealed substantial genetic diversity between hatchery stocks of Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, in the province of Nakornpathom, Thailand

Aquaculture, 2005

This study was conducted to quantify genetic variation within and between stocks of hatchery reared Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, which is an economically important ornamental fish in Thailand. Our preliminary study showed that a natural population of Siamese fighting fish had average number of alleles/locus of 1.5, 45.5% polymorphic loci and H o = 0.065. Fourteen stocks of Siamese fighting fish comprising seven populations each of hatcheries with closed and open broodstock management practices were collected from Nakornpathom Province, Thailand. Thirteen isozyme systems and one protein system were analyzed and resulted in 19 loci being resolved that included seven polymorphic loci. Most populations conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( P N 0.0002) after Bonferroni correction. Genetic variation within hatchery populations with closed and open systems was not different. All had relatively low average numbers of alleles per locus which were between 1.32-1.42 (averaged 1.38) whereas observed and expected heterozygosities were relatively high (H o = 0.081-0.125, averaged 0.099; H e = 0.091-0.142, averaged 0.113). A high value of F st ( F st = 0.0754; P b 0.0002) indicated strong population structuring. Average Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards genetic distance was 0.081. The populations were not strongly grouped according to the neighbor-joining tree. It is concluded that sufficient genetic diversity among populations existed although allele diversity and proportion of polymorphic loci were reduced relative to wild population. D