Strategic guidance based on the concept of cleaner production to improve the ship recycling industry (original) (raw)
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Dismantling and recycling of end-of-life vessels in the so-called environmentally friendly manner has been a major challenge faced by ship owners, ship dismantling yard owners as well as government agencies worldwide today. On one-hand, this paper intends to provide the knowledge-base needed by individual yard owners for planning their short term and long term activities. On the other hand it is hoped that this paper will serve as an essential part of the management information system which will help in governance of cluster of ship dismantling yards. The emission factors estimated in this study using field sample survey of 241 ships dismantled during 2011e2013 in the cluster at Alang Port could be put to use while predicting the quantities of wastes generated from dismantling of six types of ships (bulk carrier, general cargo, container, refrigerator and passenger) which further can be used in preparing environmental management plan to handle the same. The % ships and % cumulative LDT of ships in a given category could also be predicted for the cluster using the validated results reported in this study. Finally, on the basis of primary data collected from over 100 yards in Alang Port and with the help of face-to-face interactions with several field personnel; a "typical ship dismantling and recycling procedure" was articulated.
Green Shipbuilding & Recycling Issues & Challenges-
Shipbuilding industry is one of the hardest metal industries with several chemical and hazardous material exposures. Most of the traditional production processes such as welding, painting, blasting and fiberglass production have direct impacts on workers' health and safety as well as adverse effects on environment. A huge volume of wastes and pollutants is being released during shipbuilding and repairing processes which poses major risk on human health and environmental quality. Thus, this article highlights the current issues and challenges of green shipbuilding and recycling and also encompasses some initiatives and measures. This article is based on a comprehensive literature review related to the issues of green shipbuilding and recycling. The review discussed various aspects of green shipbuilding technology in order to green the industry through ensuring environment protection by reducing environmental pollution in ship manufacturing, service and breaking up. It is found that green shipbuilding and ship recycling contribute to minimize threats on human health, environmental and resource risks by reducing the pollution to air, water and soil; save resources; and improve economic and social benefits. Hence, several initiatives of green shipbuilding and recycling by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and other shipping industry players have also been discussed.
RECENT PROGRESS ON: MECHANICAL, INFRASTRUCTURE AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING: Proceedings of International Symposium on Advances in Mechanical Engineering (ISAME): Quality in Research 2019, 2020
Since the implementation Cabotage Principle in 2005, the number of ships in Indonesia have increased. Most of them are dominated by old-imported or locally built general cargo and tug and barge set vessel. Based on Hong Kong Convention, ships life cycle is limited to 25 years old because they will be uneconomical to be operated and need to be recycled. Considering that ships has great amount of hazardous materials, therefore ship recycling need to be conducted in a safe and environmentally friendly way. This study aims to design the environmentally friendly or green ship recycling yard with capacity of maximum 30.000 DWT ship or 330 ft barge and tug-boat set. Literature study on rules and regulations, such as Hong Kong Convention, are used to determine the boundaries and recommendations for green recycling process. By knowing the ship's weight and recycling process, the recycling yard's facilities can be determined. This layout will use docking process and ensure no waste contaminates the sea from the recycling process because the cutting process will be done on land. There will be a hazardous waste management process following the existing regulation from the Indonesian Government.
An Insight into Ship Recycling: Facts and Figures
Spoudai Journal of Economics and Business, 2014
Ship recycling is an important sector which interests many engineering disciplines such as naval architecture, environmental, metallurgical etc. Ship recycling, on the other hand, raises a lot of concerns since it is directly related to human safety and health and environmental pollution. There have been strict rules and regulations issued by the international authorities such as IMO, ILO and the others. This paper deals with the current status of ship recycling in Turkey and all over the world in terms of statistics, rules and regulations, immediate and long term impact on the environment and shipbuilding industry. An elaborate statistical analysis has been carried out by considering various aspects. A comparative study which would offer valuable information to shipbuilders, environmental agencies, national and international authorities was also undertaken.
Green Shipbuilding and Recycling: Issues and Challenges
International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2015
Shipbuilding industry is one of the hardest metal industries with several chemical and hazardous material exposures. Most of the traditional production processes such as welding, painting, blasting and fiberglass production have direct impacts on workers' health and safety as well as adverse effects on environment. A huge volume of wastes and pollutants is being released during shipbuilding and repairing processes which poses major risk on human health and environmental quality. Thus, this article highlights the current issues and challenges of green shipbuilding and recycling and also encompasses some initiatives and measures. This article is based on a comprehensive literature review related to the issues of green shipbuilding and recycling. The review discussed various aspects of green shipbuilding technology in order to green the industry through ensuring environment protection by reducing environmental pollution in ship manufacturing, service and breaking up. It is found that green shipbuilding and ship recycling contribute to minimize threats on human health, environmental and resource risks by reducing the pollution to air, water and soil; save resources; and improve economic and social benefits. Hence, several initiatives of green shipbuilding and recycling by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and other shipping industry players have also been discussed.
Technological and economic study of ship recycling in Egypt
International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2012
The ship recycling industry is growing rapidly. It is estimated that the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) decision to phase-out single hull tankers by 2015 will result in hundreds of ships requiring disposal. At present, the ship recycling industry is predominantly based in South Asia. Due to the bad practice of current scrapping procedure, the paper will highlight the harm occurring to health, safety and environment. The efforts of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) which led to the signing of the Hong Kong International Convention are also reviewed. The criteria and standards required to reduce the risk and damage to the environment are discussed and a proposed plan for the safe scrapping of ships is then presented. A technological and economic study for the ship recycling in Egypt is carried out as a case study. This includes the ship recycling facility size and layout. The equipment and staff required to operate the facility are also evaluated. A cost analysis is then carried out. This includes site development, human resources, machineries and equipment. A fuzzy logic approach is used to assess the benefits of the ship breaking yard. The use of the fuzzy logic approach is found suitable to make decisions for the ship breaking industry. Based on given constraints, the proposed model has proved capable of assessing the profit and the internal rate of return.
Ships recycling, a booster to toddling economy
Ships recycling is a profitable but a hazardous business, requires a great degree of safety, environmental awareness, and a high managerial skills, topped up with a high marketing ability. The question is, can recycling be established in none shipping country and be as successful as being established in a shipping country? Taking Egypt as example, the eastern borders comprised a long shoreline , with almost no population except few stops counted in one hand, to build up a recycling yard, first this yard would need infra structure, power, water, facilities to accommodate workers, a new community will form. Thence why not, a repair yard can be established since infra structure is there already. Why not establishing a yard for new-buildings, finally the recycled items can be used in the new building, cutting the cost of building itself, and keeping more eyes in the development of the material used during new-building stage. The project from the authors' point of view will act as a magnet to investors, especially with the rise of a new era in Egypt The idea of ship recycle does not centralize in a mere yard to cut ships in an environmental friendly way, but it is a core for various industries, which can attract another industrial, and commercial communities, if well planned and managed can be a core for mega cities.
Case Studies on Transport Policy, 2017
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights Ship managers impact on when and how to recycle end-of-life vessels There are environmental and health risks associated with the dismantling and recycling of ships The literature dealing with these risks, so far, are from the ship recycling industry perspectives This paper explores ship managers impact on environmental and safety conditions in ship recycling Approaches by ship managers to contribute to a more sustainable ship recycling industry are considered
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024
Ship recycling has gained significant importance in recent years due to the growing awareness of environmental concerns and the need for sustainable practices within the maritime industry. As vessels reach the end of their operational life, proper recycling methods are crucial to mitigate environmental impacts and promote resource conservation. With an increasing number of ships being decommissioned annually, there has been a growing interest and emphasis on developing efficient and eco-friendly ship recycling practices worldwide. This article presents a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 228 studies on ship recycling indexed in Scopus. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology for its robustness in comprehensive literature analysis, this review uncovers key insights into prominent countries, authors, journals, collaborations, topics, and historical trends in ship recycling research, thereby extending the scope of previous reviews. Notably, major contributions from Turkey, India, Bangladesh, the USA, and China focus on environmental impact studies, reflecting urgent global sustainability concerns. The review discusses commonly adopted methodologies such as Life Cycle Assessment and Elemental Analysis, shedding light on their application in this field. Through thematic analysis across 8 categories, future research pathways are identified, highlighting crucial areas such as continuous environmental monitoring, innovative renewable energy extraction from end-of-life vessels, and the need for human factors in ship recycling. This comprehensive synthesis of existing knowledge and identification of emergent research needs and opportunities serve as a foundational resource for impactful future research and informed policymaking, particularly in aligning with global environmental and sustainability goals. Researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders in maritime safety and environmental sustainability may find the knowledge gained from this systematic literature review insightful.
The Environmental Trade-offs of Ship Recycling The Case of India: Ship Recycling & Steel Industry
2013
Ship recycling is an issue currently causing a lot of concern and debates in the globalized world. Around 70% of all end-of-life ships and more than 90% of the EU fleet, are recycled on the beaches of India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, causing serious environmental and health hazards. At the same time, ship recycling is a source of valuable recyclable materials, mainly steel scrap used for steel making. India is the 4th largest steel producing country in the world, having a high demand for steel scrap and at the same time accounts for the largest share of the ship recycling activity worldwide. The objective of the study is to provide insight to the relationship between ship recycling and the steel industry in India, with a focus on European ships. Although this relationship is very crucial for the ship recycling issue as a whole, it is one of the least researched angels. A hypothetical scenario is developed assuming that all EU ships recycled in India during 2012 were actually not recycled in India and consequently, the corresponding steel scrap was not available for steel production. The issues that are investigated include the alternative materials that could substitute ships’ scrap for steel making, as well as the related CO2 emissions and overall environmental impacts for the production of the substitute materials. The analysis reveals that in order to substitute steel scrap from ship recycling in India, production of direct reduced iron (DRI) as well as steel from induction furnaces (IFs) would have to increase. Furthermore, the production of these materials would result in additional CO2 emissions as well as extensive soil and air pollution, especially for the case of DRI, due to significant waste generation combined with improper handling and disposal. Therefore, the main conclusion is that ship recycling has a particular importance for the case of India because of the special nature of the Indian steel industry, relying mostly on energy intensive and polluting processes for iron and steel production. In that way, ship recycling can have positive environmental impacts by contributing to CO2 savings related to steel production. However, the results represent only one side of the issue and for that reason they are presented in the form of trade-offs. Ship recycling can contribute in a positive way to steel production in India, if at the same time the negative impacts of the ship recycling activity are dealt with in a proper way.