The role of autonomic control in cardiovascular system: Summary of basic principles (original) (raw)

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) significantly influences cardiovascular function through its two major branches: the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems. The parasympathetic system, primarily mediated by the vagus nerve, reduces heart rate and myocardial contractility, while the sympathetic system, characterized by norepinephrine release, enhances cardiac output and velocity. This paper summarizes mechanisms of autonomic control, including the effects of neurotransmitters on specific receptors and the implications of age and exercise on vagal tone.