Prevalence and associated factors for stunting among 6–12 years old school age children from rural community of Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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SAGE Open Medicin, 2022
Stunting continues to be a major public health challenge in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Studies revealed that the extent of stunting among under-5 children in Ethiopia is well studied, but there is a scarcity of data among school-age children. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of stunting and associated factors among school-age children in the Mulo district, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 school-age children (5-14 years) in Mulo district, Central Ethiopia, from 1 to 30 July 2019. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. The collected data were entered into Epi Info version 7.2.2.16 software and analyzed using SPSS version 21 and World Health Organization AnthroPlus software. Bivariate and backward stepwise multivariable statistical methods were employed to assess stunting and its associated factors. Statistical significant association was declared at a p value of <0.05. Result: In this study, prevalence of stunting among school-age children was 42.4%. Of which, 144 (23.76%) were males and 113 (18.65%) were females. Age group between 10 and 14 years old, (adjusted odds ratio = 1.896, 95% confidence interval: 1.328-2.708), male sex (adjusted odds ratio = 2.688, 95% confidence interval: 1.892-3.821), increased family size (adjusted odds ratio = 1.711, 95% confidence interval: 1.191-2.458), absence of latrine in the compound (adjusted odds ratio = 2.541, 95% confidence interval: 1.711-3.773), and consuming less than three times per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.375-5.223) were factors significantly associated with stunting. Conclusion: The study revealed that the prevalence of stunting among school-age children was high. Age, sex, family size, availability of latrine, and meal frequency were factors significantly associated with stunting. Therefore, interventional educations on the importance of timely feeding, a balanced diet, family planning, environmental sanitation, and personal hygiene should be given for the parents/caregivers. In addition, analytic studies are recommended to further assess the causes of stunting among the school-age children in the area.
Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 2011
Background: Stunting is a major public-health problem in low and middle-income countries, and it increases risk of morbidity and mortality during childhood. In Ethiopia, it is a major public health problem. Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors for stunting among school children at Debre Markos town and Gozamen woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Methods and materials: Cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. The study area and study sites were selected by random sampling method and the study subjects were taken by systematic random sampling technique. The study was conducted at eight selected schools. The study was carried out from March 2013 up to June 2013. Statically analysis: Data were entered into Epi-info (version 3.5.1) satirical software then exported in to SPSS version 16.0 statistical programs and anthroplus software was used to determine HAZ score of individual values. Result: The overall prevalence of stunting was 48.1%, out of which, 5% were severely stunted, 14.3% moderately stunted and 28.8% mildly stunted, and the mean was 1.72 with standard division of 0 .887. 3.1% boys and 1.9% girls were severely stunted. As the age increased stunting was significant. Rural school children were highly stunted as compared to urban children. Conclusion: This study showed that stunted rate was alarming magnitude. Total prevalence of stunting in this study was 48.1%; 5% were severely stunted (<-3SD), 14.3% moderately stunted (<-2SD) and 28.8% mildly stunted (<-1SD). As this study showed all age groups of schoolchildren were affected. However, age groups 13-15 years were significantly associated. Living in rural area was independently associated with increasing rate of stunting. Sex difference was no significant.
Annals of Global Health, 2021
Background: According to the Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health survey (EMDHS) of 2019, about 37% of children under five years of age are stunted. Data are scarce on stunting in the study area. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with stunting in among children under five years of age in southern Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 660 randomly selected under five child-mother pairs. The study was conducted from December 1 to 30, 2018 using a structured pretested questionnaire and anthropometric measurement tools. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and Emergency Nutrition Assessment (ENA) for Standardizing Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transition (SMART) 2011 software. Variables with P-value < 0.25 during the bivariate were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis and significant association with stunting was declared at P-value < 0.05 with 95% CI. Result: Prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age was 37.7%. Factors: family size less than five [AOR = 0.59; 95% CI (0.37, 0.97)], age less than 11 months [AOR = 0.17; 95% CI (0.08, 0.4)] and rich wealth status [AOR = 0.46; 95% CI (0.27, 0.79)] had a protective effect, while source of drinking water like river water [AOR = 5.11; 95% CI (1.6, 16.4)], presence of two or more under five children in the household [AOR = 1.72; 95% CI (1.07, 2.77)], undiversified diet [AOR = 1.82; (1.17, 2.83)] and household food insecurity [AOR = 1.83; 95% CI (1.13, 2.96)] increased the risk of stunting. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of stunting was high. Child age, family size, number of children under five years of age in the household, wealth status, source of drinking water, undiversified diet, and household food insecurity were associated with ASRES MENGESHA SAMRAWIT HAILU MAHLET BIRHANE MOGES MAREG BELAY
BMC Research Notes, 2019
Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and associated factors among underfive children of Wukro town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017-2018. Result: Totally 394 under-five children were participated in this study with a response rate of 98.5%. A total of 222 (56.3%) of respondents were females and 106 (26.95%) were in the age group of 12-23 month. One hundred ninetyeight (50.3%) of the participants were between 2 and 3 in birth order and 194 (49.2%) had 4 to 5 house hold size. The overall prevalence of stunting was 194 (49.2%). Being female and presence of washing facilities nearby latrine were significantly associated with stunting. Under-five female children were 35.4% lower odds of stunting compared to male children (p = .041, OR = .644, and 95% CI (.422, .983)).
Jurnal AcTion : Aceh Nutrition Journal, 2021
Stunting is one under-nutrition condition that might be caused by inadequate nutrition consumption or frequent infection. Stunting prevalence in primary school-age children (PSAC) is still high in the third worldandIndonesia. This present paper aimed to study the prevalence and the associated factors such as sex, school-area, and food intakes of stunting in PSAC in Sidoarjo, 2018. This study is cross-sectional research using secondary data from baseline data of emotional demonstration projectsinprimary school students. Two hundredstudents wererecruited from four schools representing urban and rural areas in Sidoarjo. Food intake was interviewed using SQ-FFQ. Children height was measured using microtoice. HAZ-score was calculated using WHO Anthro Plus software. Student t-test was done to test any differences instunting prevalence between sex and school areas. The Chi-square test was used to check the difference in proportion for categories. Our results suggested the stunting prevalence among PSAC in Sidoarjo was 18% and was significantly greater in the rural area (p=0,010). School location has association with stunting (OR=2,7; 95%CI 1,25-5,8). In conclusion, we did not find any significant difference in food intakes,although stunted children were more likely to consume energy and carbohydrate. This condition must be considered to prevent obesity in stunted children.
BMC Pediatrics
Background: Undernutrition among school age children has an impact on their health, cognition, and educational achievement. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting and wasting among school age children in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was done among school children aged 6-14 years. Data on socio-demographic, nutritional and dietary status of children were collected using structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the status of stunting and wasting. Data were entered into Epi-Info version 3.5.3 and transferred to SPSS version 20 for further analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of stunting and wasting. Both crude odds and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were used to measure the strength of associations. In the multivariable analysis, variables with < 0.05 p-values were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 523 school age children were with the median age of 12 (10-13 inter quartile range) years participated in the study. The overall prevalence of stunting and wasting among primary school children was 241(46.1%; 95% CI: 42.3, 50.3) and 47 (9%; 95% CI: 6.7, 11.7), respectively. Child age (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.80), public tab/yard water source (AOR = 2.22; 95%CI: 1.46, 3.39), DDS < 4 (AOR = 1.89 95%CI: 1.08, 3.30), tea drinking habit (AOR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.27, 0.80) and anemia (AOR = 1.72 95%CI: 1.05, 2.83) were significant predictors of stunting. Moreover, child age (AOR = 3.91; 95% CI: 1.62, 9.44), maternal/care-givers' age ≤ 34 (AOR = 0.34; 95%CI: 0.16, 0.71), maternal education (AOR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.15, 5.65), family poverty (AOR = 3.23; 95% CI: 1.30, 7.93) and alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.93; 95%CI: 1.16, 7.42) were found significantly associated with wasting. Conclusion: Stunting and wasting were then major problems among school age children. Child age, water source for dinking, DDS < 4 and anemia resulted in stunting. On the other hand, child age, maternal education and age, family poverty and alcohol drinking were risk factors for wasting. Therefore, launching community based nutritional education programs, implementing school feeding and strengthening economic level of the communities are essential to reduce the problems.
IJSR Volume 8 Issue 11, November 2019, 2019
This research aimed to investigate the distal and proximate risk factors of stunting and severe stunting children in rural areas in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study used pooled data Riskesdas 2007, 2010 and 2013. A total of 18.225 children aged 0-59 months were observed. The multivariate analysis used STATA-13. The proximate risk factors stunting linked to stunting and severe stunting were older age of children (OR: 1.75, CI95% 1.59-1.87 and 1.22 CI95% 1.13-1.32); Low Birth Weight (LBW) (OR1.46 CI95% 1.24-1.72 and 1.31 CI95% 1.11-1.55); short mother (OR 1.64 CI95% 1.51-1.77 and OR 1.44 CI95% 1.33-1.55), short father (OR 1.35 CI 95% 1.24-1.46 and OR 1.33, CI95% 1.23-1.44). The distal risk factors stunting linked to low and middle economic (OR 1.33 CI95% 1.21-1.46) and 1.25 CI95% 1.11-1.39), and bad WASH (OR 1.45 CI95% 1.12-1.87), while the severe stunting linked to number of household member >9 (OR 1.67 CI95% 1.07-2.56), low middle economic (OR 1.13 CI95% 1.01-1.22 and OR 1.35 CI95% 1.23-1.48), mother occupation (non formal OR: 1.26, CI95% 1.11-1.58). The proximate risk factors of stunting and severe stunting children in rural areas were older age children, LBW and short paternale. Whereas the distal risk factors of stunting children were low and middle economic incomes, water and sanitation hygiene (WASH).
BMC Research Notes
Objective: The objective of this study is assessing magnitude of stunting and its predictors among children aged 6-59 months in Damot Gale district, South Ethiopia. Community based cross sectional study was done at Damot Gale district. About 398 children aged 6-59 months were included in the study. Kebele (small administrative unit) and household were chosen by two-phase cluster sample design. Structured questionnaire was used to gather the data. Anthropometric measurement was also used to get the data. SPSS version 20 was used to analysis the data. Results: About 41.7% of children were stunted. Children aged 36-47 months [AOR 6.22; 95% CI (1.81-21.36)], and 48-59 months [AOR 7.27; 95% CI (1.22-43.19)], sex of the child [AOR 20.79; 95% CI (7.50-57.65)], birth order [AOR 6.42; 95% CI (1.68-24.48)], mother education [AOR 0.06; 95% CI (0.02-0.14)], having toilet facility [AOR 0.059; 95% CI (0.02-0.18)], washing hand by soap [AOR 16.21; 95% CI (5.11-51.4)] and ANC [AOR 0.045; 95% CI (0.01-0.13)] were associated with stunting.
Prevalence and Predictors of Stunting among Primary School Children in Northeast Ethiopia
Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2021
Background Stunting is a major public health problem affecting children in low- and middle-income countries and has become one of the underlying causes of early childhood mortality. However, there is a paucity of information on the prevalence of stunting and its predictors among school children in these settings including Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and its predictors among school children in Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study design was used among 341 primary school children in Northeast Ethiopia from October to December 2019. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit the study subjects. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and dietary data. Anthropometric data were generated using WHO AnthroPlus software version 1.0.4. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between independent variables and the outcome variable. Odds ra...
International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2015
Background: Stunting is a serious health problem and deep rooted in southern Ethiopia of poor diet, in adequate food intake, disease burden, population growth, poor health service delivery and repeated drought. Objective: to assess the prevalence of stunting and associated factors among under five year's old children in the study area. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Wondo Genet Woreda from February, 25 to March 15, 2011. The sample size was determined using formula for estimating single population proportion. The sample size was determined using formula for estimating single population proportion. Three Kebele's were selected by stratified two stage cluster sampling method and study households were identified by simple random sampling technique from each 'Kebele. The data was analyzed using SPSS v.16.0 statistical software version16.0. For all statistical significance tests, the cutoff value set will be p<0.05 with CI of 95%. Results: Out of 576 study participants 50.3% were stunted. Stunting was 3.1times more common in households where decision was made by husband only (P=0.001), paternal education level of 7-8 grade was 2.29 times the contributing factor of stunting [AOR= 2.29, 95% CI: 1.15-4.54]. Children who did not eat vegetable source foods were 2.54 times more likely to be stunted [AOR= 2.54, 95% CI: 1.20-5.37]. Conclusion and Recommendation: Prevalence of stunting in Wondo Genet Woreda is similar when compared to the national figure and among female and male participants. Home delivery was found to be the protective factors of stunting and similar impact was seen by displacement from usual residence. Thus the community based nutrition program for prevention and early detection of stunting should be strengthened.