An Outbreak of Caseous Lymphadenitis of Goats on an Libc Farm, Dangora - Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Tropical animal health and production, 2012
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CL), a chronic debilitating disease of goats. In the present study, a total of 575 goats of Sirohi breed on an organized farm situated in the semi-arid tropical region of Rajasthan, India were clinically examined. Pus samples from superficial lymph nodes of 27 (4.7%) adult goats presenting clinical lesions suggestive of CL were collected for bacteriological and molecular analyses. Of these goats, 51.9% yielded C. pseudotuberculosis on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting proline iminopeptidase gene specific to C. pseudotuberculosis was developed that confirmed all 14 bacterial isolates. The specificity of the PCR product was confirmed by sequencing of the 551-bp amplicon in both senses, showing 98-100% homology with published sequences. Thus, overall prevalence rate based on clinical, bacterial culture and PCR assay we...
Outbreak of caseous lymphadenitis in an organized goat farm
The present investigation was carried out in an organized goat farm with more than 500 Tellicherry and 100 Osmanabadi breedable does at Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during 2013. Out of these 43 animals were found with swollen lymph nodes in the head (parotid and submandibular) and neck, shoulder (prescapular), flank (prefemoral) and udder (supramammary). Infected lymph nodes grow to become larger abscesses ranging in size from a grapefruit to an egg. The contents are thick green/yellow cheese-like pus; in short-haired goats these swollen glands are obvious and clearly visible. This infection was recorded widely in goats between the ages of one week kid to an adult stage goat. From the clinical sign and the contagious nature, it was tentatively diagnosed as Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA). The consistency of the swollen mass was hard, non movable in the beginning stage, when it got open white creamy purulent discharge was noticed. Samples were collected by collecting aseptically from the lesion and cultured in the culture medium. Laboratory culture results confirm the causative organism as Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.
Clinical-epidemiological study of caseous lymphadenitis in goats in the state of Pernambuco
Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias, 2020
Caseous lymphadenitis (CL), a contagious infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, stands out with great economic relevance for goat breeding in the country because it is one of the main causes of carcass condemnation and intense depreciation of the leather of small ruminants. The objective was to carry out a descriptive study of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of CL in goats in the state of Pernambuco and also to evaluate the detection of C. pseudotuberculosis in milk, blood, and stool samples by real-time PCR. Six hundred and forty-three goats were evaluated, of which 76 (11.8%) presented clinical signs suggestive of CL. And 88.9% (24/27) of the breeding was considered focus. Among symptomatic animals, 25 were selected and submitted to the collection of abscess content for bacteriological isolation. Milk, blood, and stool samples were analyzed for PLD gene detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of the 25 samples of abscess conte...
CLINICAL CASE OF CASEOUS LYMPHADENITIS IN A GOAT: CASE MANAGEMENT
Malaysian Journal of Veterinary Research, 2017
A B S T R AC T. C o r y n e b a c t e r i u m pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) a contagious and infectious disease in small ruminants. This report describes a case of CLA in a Boer cross goat infected with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The manifestation of abscess in the superficial lymph node presented as a mass of approximately 5 cm by 5 cm in diameter at the base of the ear. The mass was solid and non-movable upon palpation. The mass was incised and the caseous material was aspirated and sent to the bacteriology laboratory where Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated. The wound was cleaned and f lushed with diluted chlorhexidine and iodine solutions daily. This procedure aids in the complete healing of the wound after a few weeks. However, the agent of the disease persists in the animal in its entire life and culling is recommended to prevent the spread of the disease in the herd.
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2018
Goat breeding in the Northeast region of Brazil plays an important socioeconomic role. However, there are significant losses caused by sanitary deficits and infectious diseases, particularly caseous lymphadenitis (CL). Although CL is considered endemic in Northeastern Brazil, a comprehensive and up-to-date study of this disease in goat herds in this region is necessary. The objective of this study was to determine the farm-level and animal-level seroprevalences for the disease and to identify the possible risk factors that characterize CL in the caprine species of five Northeastern's states (Ceará, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, and Sergipe). A total of 2744 goat serum samples from 230 farms were collected between 2010 and 2012. The diagnosis of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection was performed using the indirect ELISA technique. Farm-level and animallevel seroprevalences were 87.8% and 30.3%, respectively, suggesting that C. pseudotuberculosis is widespread in goat herds of the Northeast region. The risk factors were as follows: absence of forage silage (odds ratio = 5.39), not separating animals by sex (odds ratio = 4.16) or by age (odds ratio = 6.30), not replacing old goat breeders (odds ratio = 7.80), and non-treatment of CL lumps prior to spontaneous rupture (odds ratio = 10.34). This study supports the idea that caseous lymphadenitis is widely disseminated in goats from Northeastern Brazil and based on the risk factor analysis attention should be given to the need to establish adequate control measures, such as incision and early drainage of superficial abscesses, quarantine and elimination of affected animals, periodic inspection of the herd, non-introduction of infected animals, and early disposal of animals with recurrent CL.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 2018
Goat farming in the northeastern regions of Brazil plays an important role in the socio-economic functions of the country. However, high rates of morbidity and mortality occur in the animals, caused primarily by infectious diseases like caseous lymphadenitis, which is widespread in goat herds; this causes serious economic losses to the farming business. Although events such as animal fairs are common in the region, wherein most of the goats and sheep are sold, the risk of disease transmission remains, since the health condition of the animal is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis antibodies present in the goats sold at the animal fair of Tabira - PE, Northeastern semi-arid. Serum samples from 233 goats were collected from the period of November 2014 to June 2015. The diagnosis of infection by C. pseudotuberculosis was made using the indirect ELISA technique. The number of goats seropositive for C. pseudotuberculosi...
Seroprevalence of caseous lymphadenitis in Kangal Akkaraman sheep
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2016
is a dual-purpose (bred for both meat and milk), stout, and heavy breed with a fat tail. It is usually bred to adapt to poor plant cover in areas with continental climate. The herdbook of the Kangal Akkaraman sheep breed was first established in 2012 (1), and there are currently no epidemiological studies that report the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in this breed. CLA is a bacterial and contagious infection caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and characterized by formation of abscesses in lymph nodes and internal organs in sheep and goats (2). It has been reported that C. pseudotuberculosis causes infections with different symptoms in other animal and human (3,4). The economic losses of CLA in the sheep industry are associated with early slaughter of agent-positive animals and downgrading of carcass, wool, and skin quality and yield (4,5). In addition, ewes with CLA may exhibit reproduction-related symptoms such as reduced fertility, abortions, stillbirths, and neonatal infections (6). In Australia, annual losses of $12-15 million were reported from CLA due to reduced yields of meat and wool (7). In spite of being the golden standard, isolation and identification of C. pseudotuberculosis is not always practical and advantageous in the diagnosis of CLA.
Strategic Management of a Clinical Case of Recurrent Caseaous Lymphadenitis in a Goat Farm
Research Journal for Veterinary Practitioners, 2016
G lobally, Caseaous lymphadenitis is considered as one of the most economically significant chronic zoonotic disease of small ruminants causing significant devastation especially in sheep and goat (Abdullah et al., 2013). The disease is characterized by abscess formation in the superficial and peripheral lymph nodes as well as in the internal organs (Cetinkaya et al., 2002). The disease is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis which even though was first isolated in 1978 from the sheep's lung, is now considered as a clinical entity in goats (Dercksen et al., 2000). The disease is distributed worldwide and has been reported in Africa, Middle East, Europe and Australia (Osman et al., 2012). The primary route of transmission is through the contamination of superficial wound following procedures such as docking, castration, ear tagging, shearing, and infighting between flocks (Williamson, 2001). Infection can also occur through ingestion of milk from CLA infected animals. Other means of infections includes environmental hazards such as barbed wire, jutting nails, splintered wood which increases the probability of the animals getting infected (Cetinkaya et al., 2002; Williamson, 2001). Significant economic losses attributed to CLA occur due to poor wool growth, wasting, reduction in the quantity and quality of milk, premature culling, carcass condemnation, reproductive disorders and in some cases death (Paton et al., 1994). The disease causes a significant economic loss to small ruminant farmers in Australia, United States and
Survival Analysis of Clinical Cases of Caseous Lymphadenitis of Goats in North Shoa, Ethiopia
Veterinary Medicine International
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a bacterial disease of small ruminants causing abscesses in lymph nodes of the body and internal organs. A longitudinal study from 2011 to 2019 was undertaken at Ataye site of Debre Birhan Research Center to estimate the prevalence and incidence, identify associated risk factors, and characterize the causative bacteria. 1025 goats were followed up for the CLA study. Survival analysis was done using SAS 9.4 software program. Biochemical tests and Biolog microbial identification system were used to characterize the bacteria. In the recurrent survival data analysis, there were 1,138 clinical observations and 214 CLA cases (18.8% prevalence) based on clinical diagnosis. The incidence rate was 0.14 cases per animal year. From a total of 214 cases, 130 have occurred once and 84 cases are recurrent cases following first cases. The cumulative failure rates were 68% for newborn and 64% for yearling age groups. The parotid lymph node was the most frequently affe...
2001
Twenty goats, in two groups of 10, were injected intradermally with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The doses of infection were 1610 5 and 5610 4 colony-forming units (cfu) for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Thereafter, a goat from each group was killed every 2^3 days and examined for gross and microscopic caseous lesions in the draining lymph nodes. Bands or zones of macrophages and polymorphonuclear granulocytes were observed microscopically on the second day of infection in both groups. Gross caseous lesions were observed from days 8 and 9 of infection, respectively. Positive bacterial agglutination test and haemolysis inhibition test titres were detected after 15^17 days and 202 5 days of infection, respectively. These results indicated that caseous lymphadenitis is a subacute disease with an incubation period of 8^9 days, but that it is not detectable serologically until after 15 days of infection.