Treatment outcomes of postoperative mediastinitis in cardiac surgery; negative pressure wound therapy versus conventional treatment (original) (raw)
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Texas Heart Institute journal / from the Texas Heart Institute of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital, 2011
In this study, we reviewed a 15-year experience with the treatment of a severe sequela of cardiac surgery: post-sternotomy mediastinitis. We compared the outcomes of conventional treatment with those of negative-pressure wound therapy, focusing on mortality rate, sternal reinfection, and length of hospital stay.We reviewed data on 157 consecutive patients who were treated at our institution from 1995 through 2010 for post-sternotomy mediastinitis after cardiac surgery. Of these patients, 74 had undergone extensive wound débridement followed by negative-pressure wound therapy, and 83 had undergone conventional treatment, including primary wound reopening, débridement, closed-chest irrigation without rewiring, topical application of granulated sugar for recurrent cases, and final plastic reconstruction with pectoral muscle flap in most cases.The 2 study groups were homogeneous in terms of preoperative data and operative variables (the primary cardiac surgery was predominantly coronary...
Mediastinitis after cardiac surgery in Madani Heart Center, Tabriz, Iran
Japanese journal of infectious diseases, 2008
Post-sternotomy infections are a kind of nosocomial infection involving the mediastinum space and the sternum, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. The present study was carried out to identify the incidence of mediastinitis following cardiac surgery and the most common risk factors. Cardic patients undergoing surgery were studied for suspicious mediastinitis infection at the Madani Heart Center, Tabriz, Iran from 2004 to 2006. The most common isolated agents included the coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. Incidence of postoperative mediastinitis after cardiac surgery was 1.2%. The mortality rate of postoperative mediastinitis was high (34.3%). Wound infection, especially mediastinitis following cardiac surgery, is rare but could be life-threatening. The most important step in the management of wound infections is prevention, and preventive measures could be strengthened by identifying the risk factors.
Negative pressure wound therapy in the treatment of surgical site infection in cardiac surgery
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
Objectives: to describe the relationship between epidemiological and clinical characteristics of postoperative cardiac surgery patients undergoing negative pressure wound therapy for the treatment of surgical site infection. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional analytical study including a convenience sample consisting of medical records of patients undergoing sternal cardiac surgery with surgical site infection diagnosed in medical records treated by negative pressure wound therapy. Results: medical records of 117 patients, mainly submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery and with deep incisional surgical site infection (88; 75.2%). Negative pressure wound therapy was used on mean for 16 (±9.5) days/patient; 1.7% had complications associated with therapy and 53.8% had discomfort, especially pain (93.6%). The duration of therapy was related to the severity of SSI (p=0.010) and the number of exchanges performed (p=0.045). Conclusions: negative pressure wound therapy has...
Preoperative risk factors for mediastinitis after cardiac surgery: analysis of 2768 patients
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIRURGIA CARDIOVASCULAR, 2012
Background: Longitudinal median sternotomy is the most common surgical approach for access to heart disease treatment. The deep wound infections in postoperative period of cardiovascular surgery are a serious complication requiring high costs during treatment. Different studies have indicated some risk factors for the development of mediastinitis and preoperative variables are currently under investigation. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the preoperative risk factors for postoperative development of mediastinitis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and valve replacement. Methods: This observational study represents a cohort of 2768 consecutive operated patients. The period considered for analysis was from May 2007 to May 2009 and there were no exclusion criteria. Analysis was performed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression model of 38 preoperative variables. Results: Thirty-five (1.3%) patients developed mediastinitis and 19 (0.7%) associated with osteomyelitis. The patient age average was 59.9 ± 13.5 years and the EuroSCORE of 4.5 ± 3.6. Hospital mortality was 42.8%. The multivariate analysis identified three variables as independent predictors of postoperative mediastinitis: intraaortic balloon pump (OR 5.41, 95% CI [1.83-16.01], P = 0.002), hemodialysis (OR 4.87, 95% CI [1.41 to 16.86], P = 0.012) and extracardiac vascular intervention (OR 4.39, 95% CI [1.64 to 11.76], P = 0.003). Conclusion: This study showed that necessity of preoperative hemodynamic support with intra-aortic balloon, hemodialysis, and extracardiac vascular intervention were risk factors for development of mediastinitis after cardiac surgery.
Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 2021
This study presents the method used for chest reconstruction and treatment of mediastinitis following cardiac surgery at the Heart Institute of the University of São Paulo Medical School. After infection control with antibiotic therapy associated with aggressive surgical debridement and negative pressure wound therapy, chest reconstruction is performed using flaps. The advantages and disadvantages of negative pressure wound therapy are discussed, as well as options for flap-based chest reconstruction according to the characteristics of the patient and sternum. Further studies are needed to provide evidence to support the decisions when facing this great challenge.
Biomedical Papers
Deep sternal wound infection is a challenging aspect of modern cardiac surgery. The considerable mortality rate, devastating morbidity and, negative impact on long-term survival has driven cardiac and plastic surgeons to seek a more advantageous treatment solution. This review summarizes progress in the field of deep sternal wound infection treatment after cardiac surgery. Emphasis is placed on outcomes analysis of contemporary treatment strategy based on negative pressure wound therapy followed by sternotomy wound reconstruction, and its comparison with conventional treatment modalities used afore. Furthermore, complications and drawbacks of treatment strategies are critically evaluated to outline current options for successfully managing this life-threatening complication following cardiac surgery
Journal of Clinical Medicine
This is a consensus document of the Spanish Society of Cardiovascular Infections (SEICAV), the Spanish Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (SECTCV) and the Biomedical Research Centre Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES). These three entities have brought together a multidisciplinary group of experts that includes anaesthesiologists, cardiac and cardiothoracic surgeons, clinical microbiologists, infectious diseases and intensive care specialists, internal medicine doctors and radiologists. Despite the clinical and economic consequences of sternal wound infections, to date, there are no specific guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and management of mediastinitis based on a multidisciplinary consensus. The purpose of the present document is to provide evidence-based guidance on the most effective diagnosis and management of patients who have experienced or are at risk of developing a post-surgical mediastinitis infection in order to optimise patient outcomes and t...