Human Environmental Relations: Pre and Post Flood Condions And Its Health Implications Agadama Community, Delta State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
Related papers
2021
The aim of this paper is to examine the impacts of flooding on Korentabo community of Kano State. Flood causes a lot of menace to the residents which threatens their livelihood and health status. The methodology used in the research was a qualitative approach where data collection was done. Data collection ranged from topographical mapping of the area, land use maps, income, age, gender, flood impacts such as loss of lives and property using in-depth interviews, focused group discussions and face to face interviews and personal observations. Snowballing sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the research participants. A sample size of 50 key informants was chosen from the five neighborhoods in the study area. Descriptive statistics was used in the analysis using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS V 23 for frequency tables, and the results of the study was presented in tables, charts and pictures. The results of findings revealed flood occurrence had increased in previous years which has led to residents losing hectares of lands, livestock, threaten food security, death and health of persons in the community. The study suggests that flood disaster preparedness should be enhanced in a way of educating and creating awareness to members of the community in the event of future flood occurrences.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2014
Flood has been the most devastating natural disaster in the world which has often impacted negatively on the socio-cultural organization of human societies. In Nigeria, flood has been reported to affect and displace more people than any other disaster. It also causes more damage to property. Flood disasters are been perilous to people, communities and institutions. Recently, Nigeria, especially the Niger Delta area was affected by flooding chasing most inhabitants away from their socio-cultural and economic heritage. While Bayelsa State was recorded as one of the worst affected, the case of Southern Ijaw LGA was most lamentable. The study examined the socio-cultural effects of flooding in Bayelsa State: A case study of Southern Ijaw LGA. In this study, a descriptive survey design was used. Systems theory was adopted as theoretical framework for the study. A combination of cluster and purposive sampling techniques were adopted while the instruments of questionnaire, interview schedules and focus group discussion were utilized. The sample population for the study was three hundred and eighty six (n = 386). The study revealed that the people of Southern Ijaw were devastated by 2012 flooding and their socio-cultural heritage was severely affected. Specific socio-cultural effects of flooding on the people of Southern Ijaw Local Government Area include amongst others; displacement of communities, rendering families homeless, disruption of business activities and vulnerability to various forms of crimes, etc.
Ethnography of Flooding in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria: Agencies of Flooding in Developing Countries
Ibadan Journal of Sociology , 2015
The recurrent phenomenon of flooding poses a big threat to the survival of Nigeria in many ways. The battle against flood heightens the already existing issues of abject poverty, scraggy economy, political instability and many of such maladies in which a third world country like Nigerian is enmeshed. Embedded in this carefully researched paper are the issues relating to ethnography of flooding in Nigeria, with focus on Ibadan as a case study. Ibadan occupies a unique place in the history of flooding in Nigeria. While flooding has attracted a lot of academic and non-academic works from various scholars, very little detailed ethnographic studies actually exist in the humanities and social sciences in the interface of flooding and the human-physic agencies. This article thus filled existing lacunae in knowledge about the socio-cultural and technical aspects of flooding in Ibadan. The article was anchored on ecological and social action theories. The methodology adopted was qualitative based on in-depth Interviews (IDIs), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), visual display and client-centred therapy. A total of 25 IDIs and 9 KIIs conducted in a varied manner to ensure reliability of findings. Finally, based on the outcome of the study, valid and reliable conclusions were reached and presented in a logical manner. Word Count: 204.
Human Adjustments to Flood Hazards in Ndokwa East Local Government Area of Delta State
This research gives an overview of the human adjustment strategies to flooding in Ndokwa East Local Government Area. This study examined the causes, effects and human adjustment techniques with a view to address effective floodplain management that can reduce vulnerability to damages and create a balance among natural and human uses of floodplains and their related watersheds to meet both social and environmental goals. Meteorological data (rainfall 1971-2012) collected from Nigeria Metrological Station (NIMET), Asaba, and complemented with participatory observation methods such as direct field observation and interview schedule through the use of questionnaire survey. The result of the findings shows that flooding was a serious seasonal environmental problem caused by abnormally high rainfall in 2012 which was 5%-60% higher than the previous year's monthly rainfalls. This led to overflow of the River Niger. Other anthropogenetic factors were also contributory to the extent of the flooding. The effects of the hazard range from loss of property, farmland pollution, health hazards, suspension of business activities, and displacement of the occupants. The study also revealed that the residents were ignorant of adjustments strategies resulting from overflow of a river. The result of the study implies that the problem is enormous and the occupants lack the technical capability to resolve it due to paucity of climatic data and the technical expertise.
The International Conference On Flood and Sustainable Development, 2023
This paper studies the post-flood morbidity pattern in a flood-prone settlement of Adankolo, Lokoja, in Kogi State of Nigeria, which was completely submerged between September and early October 2022. The study design was mixed; as both quantitative and qualitative data were utilized. The Primary Health Centre (PHC) and the Patent Medicine Stores (PMS) in the study area were the sources of data. The health records of the PHC concerning the morbidity pattern during a period of three months before and after the flood was used. A semi-structured one-onone interview was also carried out in the PMS concerning commonest post-flood health complaints. The results show poor patronage of the PHC for primary care and increased patronage during the post-flood period. Malaria (22%), Upper respiratory tract infection (16.9%), and Hypertension (15.3%) were the most reported diseases; followed by Gastrointestinal symptoms (13.5%), insomnia and Myalgia (11.9%), and Measles (10.2%). High incidence of skin diseases like scabies, and cutaneous larva migrans were observed in the course of this study. Resettlement of flood-prone settlements and flood mitigation measures should be prioritized. More commitment towards universal health coverage and increasing patronage of the PHCs should also be made. Emergency provision of medical care like immunizations and provision of medicines to settlements post-flood should be a priority.
Social and Health Impact of Flood in Ido Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria
Flooding is a social problem affecting the structure of development in many Nigerian cities. Studies have shown that during and after flood incidences in Nigeria, a greater proportion of people living in flood prone areas are economically and socially affected. In light of this, the study examined social and health impact of flood incidence in Ido Local Government Area of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The population of the study was 103,261 residents of Ido Local Government Area, who spread across four geopolitical wards (Ido North, Central, South and East respectively) from which, four communities namely; Akufo, Ido, Omi-Adio and Idi-Iya experiencing floods were purposively selected. Thereafter, two-hundred flood victims, who are 15 years and above were selected as sample, through quota sampling method. A structured self-developed questionnaire was used to elicit information from them, while the data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding shows that, flooding account for 19.8% of the total variance in spread of diseases and infections in Ido LGA. Also, environmental pollution account for 26.6% of the total variance in flood occurrence in Ido LGA. As well, flood contributes 10.9% to the total variation in displacement of people and businesses in Ido LGA. The result of ANOVA indicates that a significant relationship exists between flood, spread of disease, environmental pollution, poverty and displacement of people in Ido Local Government Area, Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that, effective flood prevention mechanisms are designed by stakeholders in order to attain desirable and sustainable development in Nigeria.
International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2020
Flood is one of the natural disasters that accounts for over 30% of total losses of lives and property. Flood losses reduce the assets of households, communities and societies through the destruction of crops, infrastructure, buildings and loss of life etc. This study examined the impact of flood crisis on the socioeconomic livelihood of people in Nigeria, with a specific focus on Ogbaru local government area of Anambra state. Stratified sampling technique was employed whereby each community in the study area constituted a stratum and 5 communities were randomly selected for data collection. It is a survey research in which questionnaire was used for the data collection. The questionnaire was divided into two sections; the first section inquired the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of respondent, while the second section featured a number of response items of four-Likert scale. Data collected was analyzed using the percentage tables and mean statistics. The study established that flood impacted on people's socioeconomic livelihoods and critical aspects such as agriculture, health, education, water, property and assets. It was recommended among other things that government and key stakeholders should assist vulnerable communities/households in order for them to move permanently to higher grounds.
WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, 2013
The study examined the effect of flood on the socioeconomic status of residents of Wadata and Gado-villa communities in the Makurdi metropolitan area of Benue State, Nigeria. A sample of five hundred and two (502) displaced residents consisting of males and females camped at St. Theresa Catholic and St. Catherine primary school, Makurdi participated in the study. A questionnaire consisting of six sections measuring demographic variables and impacts of flood on socioeconomic status such as agriculture, education, health, housing, water and sanitation was used to collect data. The study established that flood impacted negatively on the socioeconomic well-being of residents in the two communities. It is recommended that the government should provide a low-cost housing estate for the flood victims as they have expressed willingness to relocate from the flood prone area so that their children can go back to school as soon as possible. Further allocation of land for residential building in the flood prone areas should be stopped by the government and private land owners. The river banks should be converted to recreation centres and green areas.
Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013
Globally, riverine areas are naturally prone to flooding. In the year 2012, flooding for the first time became a national disaster in Nigeria and Anambra state was identified as one of the most affected states. 7 million people were affected; 2.3 million people were victims of internal displacement while 363 people were reportedly killed. Out of the 21 Local government areas in Anambra state, 8 were affected. 5 out of these 8 comprise the Omambala area and were the most adversely affected area. Records revealed that house and other public and private properties, infrastructure and facilities worth billions of naira were fully or partly submerged and destroyed. Government in her intervention effort in the state provided 24-Internally Displaced People's refugee camps and supplied relief materials. International donor agencies like UNICEF, UN and EU as well as non governmental organizations and philanthropists, also supported with relief materials worth billions of naira. Till date, the living conditions of the dwellers remain deplorable. This study sought to examine the impact of flooding on the Omambala and other riverine areas with a view to determining its nature so as to evolve measures that can enhance the living condition of the people. Primary data obtained with structured interview and secondary data from State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA) were used. Taro Yamane (1967) formula was used to derived a sample size of 400 household heads was selected using the systematic sampling technique. Data was analyzed and the result revealed that flooding greatly impacted the economic life of the people; their social, cultural and the religious aspects of their lives. There were issues of lose of human and animal lives; destruction of agricultural products; housing, educational, transportation commercial and other infrastructural facilities worth billions of naira. Family and social ties and activities were also hampered while daily livelihood activities were disrupted, good sources of water were polluted and the environment degraded. Hunger, high cost of living, infestation of snakes, flies and other disease vectors and general deplorable living conditions were identified as some of the negative impacts of flooding in the area. Economic empowerments of poor riverine dwellers through cooperative societies coupled with Public participation in flood control activities among other mitigation measures were recommended.
Some Aspects of a Historic Flooding in Nigeria and Its Effects on some Niger-Delta Communities
American Journal of Water Resources, 2015
In recent times, flooding has been a recurrent problem in most parts of the world. In Nigeria, there exist reports of flooding in some towns and cities during heavy downpours but none compares with the flood under review. Flood waters from Cameroun entered Nigeria through the Benue River, into the River Niger on its way to the sea. Lots of physical damages were recorded, including destruction of farmlands and houses. Economic life was halted, people displaced and some lost their lives. Although Cameroun released water from the Ladja dam between July 2nd and September 17th 2012, the waters remained in the Niger delta communities up till November 2012. In this study, towns were chosen from Bayelsa and Delta states for evaluation of the effects of the flood waters. Some physical and chemical parameters were determined, using standard methods. The results revealed that in all the communities, the flood waters were slightly acidic (5.4-6.9) and dissolved oxygen was high (3.9-6.9mg/l). The heavy metal Chromium was also high. Most of the physical and chemical parameters analyzed were higher in flood water than in Borehole and River Water but generally within allowable limits. Other challenges faced by the people included loss of houses, ponds, farmlands, traditional grounds and means of livelihood, destruction of herbs and vegetation, exposure to wild animals. Wild animals were not spared as their natural habitats were destroyed. Consequently some died, most migrated while some took shelter in abandoned houses. There was an imbalance in the ecosystem and general pollution of the affected communities. The inhabitants of the communities possibly benefitted from some positive aspects of the flood as skill acquisition centres, drugs and food were provided. There was evidence of cooperation and togetherness within the temporary camps erected for victims.