Embryonic and larval development of Jundiá (Rhamdia quelen, Quoy & Gaimard, 1824, Pisces, Teleostei), a South American Catfish (original) (raw)
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Embryonic and larval development of critically endangered riverine catfish Rita rita
The present study was carried out to investigate the embryonic and larval development of freshwater catfish Rita rita. The mature eggs and sperms were collected by using artificial insemination technique and fertilized eggs were incubated in mini circular hatchery with provision of continuous water supply. The fertilized eggs were transparent, demarsal, spherical, non-adhesive and brownish in colour with a diameter ranging between 1.3 to 1.6 mm. First cleavage occurred within 25-30 min post-fertilization at temperature of 28±1°C. Hatching started 22 h post-fertilization and completed within 24 h at the same temperature range. Newly hatched larvae were 2.0 mm in length devoid of mouth and pigmentation and started feeding within 48-60 h post-hatching. To date, this is the first time the early embryonic and larval development of freshwater catfish R. rita is described. Thus the findings of the present study provide valuable information that may help establishing the large scale seed production technique of Rita.
Time and temperature on the storage of oocytes from jundiá catfish, Rhamdia quelen
Aquaculture, 2011
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three water and storage temperatures on the oocytes of the jundiá catfish, Rhamdia quelen. A factorial experimental design over time, with treatments completed in triplicate every 48 h, was used (5 × 3 × 3 × 3) to study the exposure of the oocytes to temperatures of 15, 25 and 35°C and activated with water at 15, 25 and 35°C each at 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 minutes post-collection. Linear regression analysis for the response surface model indicated an interaction (p b 0.05) between time and temperature of exposure with greater values for fertilization, hatching and normal larvae rates at the time of oocyte collection (70.2 ± 8.4% fertilized oocytes, 66.7 ± 29.4% hatched eggs and 30.3 ± 25.0% normal larvae). According to the statistical model, the water temperature that resulted in the highest fertilization rate was 25.6°C (p b 0.05). The rates of fertilization, hatching and normal larvae correlated positively (p b 0.05) with one another, showing that these parameters can be used in the measurement of oocyte quality. Artificial fertilization of oocytes is recommended immediately after collection; if storage is necessary, it should be carried out at 15°C.
A reliable and improved methodology to expose fish in the early embryonic stage
Marine Environmental Research, 1995
A method has been developed to inject dtrerent substances into the yolk offish eggs before gastrulation. Newly fertilized eggs are placed in holes in the surface of an agarose gel and the injections are made with fine glass micropipettes. The injection volume is controlled by pressure technique. The embryos are kept in the gel until hatching, where they can easily be studied under a stereo-microscope during different developmental stages, with minimized handling and therefore without disturbances. Three different species have been tested with a wide range of egg diameters. Mortality due to injection has always been lower than 1%. Due to the low mortality, dtyerent biological eflects can be monitored with high accuracy and sensitivity. Therefore this methodology can be useful when investigating disturbances in reproduction as well as toxic eflects at young ltfe stages.
Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 2013
To study reproduction and embryogenesis, Pimelodus maculatus specimens were kept in captivity and captured bimonthly during 1 year. Gonads samples (211 specimens) were collected and submitted to routine histological techniques. Pimelodus maculatus prepared to reproduce when water temperature was high, and even reached advanced maturation but did not spawn in captivity. Spent fish gonads were not documented, and atretic follicles were frequent (60%) in late maturation females. When then submitted to hypophysation, 70% of the females responded positively to hormonal treatment. Oocyte extrusion occurred 8 h after a second hormonal injection at 26°C. The fertilisation rate was 65.1 ± 9.2% at 24°C. Recently spawned oocytes of P. maculatus were spherical, non-adhesive, yellow in colour, with an average diameter of 1113.92 ± 37.02 lm and covered by a thick gelatinous layer. Blastopore closure occurred 7 h and 30 min after fertilisation. Embryonic development was completed within 18 h after fertilisation. The results of this work provide important knowledge for the handling and cultivation of not only P. maculatus, but other species of potential value for fish culture.
Comparative Analysis of the Oocytes and Early Development of Two Species of Curimatidae Teleost Fish
Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 2013
Curimatella lepidura and Steindachnerina elegans are small forage fish, constituting an important link in the food chain, serving as food for larger commercial fish. In this study, characteristics of the eggs, of the oocyte's surface ultrastructure and of the embryogenesis are first described for these species. Absolute fecundity was 40864 ± 8769 oocytes for C. lepidura and 22089 ± 8710 oocytes for S. elegans. Oocytes of both species are yellowish, weakly adhesive and with a post-fertilization diameter of 1019.5 ± 20.6 lm and 978.75 ± 29.16 lm for C. lepidura and S. elegans, respectively. The ultrastructural analysis, using scanning electron microscopy, showed that the oocyte's surface of both species has pore canals over the entire surface and a funnelshaped micropyle. At 24°C, the embryonic development of C. lepidura was completed 25 h after fertilization, and blastopore closure occurred in 7 h 30 min. In S. elegans, larvae hatched 20 h after fertilization, and blastopore closure occurred in 7 h 15 min. The fertilization rate was 74.5 ± 7.96 and 71.2 ± 10.8% for C. lepidura and S. elegans, respectively. This study provides important support for clarifying phylogenetic relationships and in ecological and zoological understanding of Neotropical Curimatidae fish.
Embryonic and Larval Development of River Catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840)
Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2013
The aim of this study was to characterize embryonic and larval developmental stages of the river catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus. Fertilized eggs were spherical, adhesive and demersal with a mean egg diameter of 1.5±0.3 mm. Seven embryonic periods were characterized for timing and features: zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula and hatching. Mean hatch was 23±1 h post fertilization at 27°C. The newly hatched larvae measured 3.0±0.2 mm in total length. Morphogenesis was completed in a day. The yolk sac was completely absorbed in three days. H. nemurus has a short embryonic developmental period in comparison with other catfish species. The information obtained from this study will be useful for egg incubation and larval rearing during the culture of H. nemurus.
Neotropical Ichthyology, 2012
Hatchery-kept catfish jahus Zungaro jahu (Ihering, 1898) were induced to spawn with carp pituitary extract. The telolecithal eggs were round (1.6 ± 0.1 mm in diameter), demersal, free, and covered with a 0.4 mm-thick jelly coat. The gonadosomatic index of 2.8 was comparable to that of other Pimelodidae. The number of eggs x g of ova-1 was 804 ± 144. Hatching occurred 14.5 h after fertilization, at a temperature of 27.3 ± 0.4º C. The newly-hatched embryos measured 3.9-4.3 mm of total length (TL). At 18 h post-hatching (HPH; 5.3 ± 0.1 mm TL), the retina was pigmented, the mouth opened and dorsoflexion of the notochord had initiated. At 36 HPH (6.4 ± 0.2 mm TL), fusiform chromatophores were vertically arranged in the primordial fin fold and the notochord was dorsoflexed. The yolk sac was almost exhausted by 48 HPH (7.3 ± 0.2 mm TL). At 128 HPH (8.6 ± 0.6 mm TL) the pectoral, dorsal, adipose, caudal, anal, and pelvic fins were readily observable whereas the primordial fin fold was no lo...
Eggs Ultrastructure and Early Development of Franciscodoras marmoratus (Pisces: Doradidae)
Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 2012
This study presents, for the first time, information on the eggs and early development of Franciscodoras marmoratus, fish of São Francisco river, Brazil. To analyse the egg ultrastructure and morphological events of embryogenesis, a total of 36 F. marmoratus specimens (18 males and 18 females) were captured and subjected to spawning induction. Gametes were collected by manual extrusion, and fertilization was conducted using the dry method. After fertilization, eggs were kept in incubators with water temperature of 24°C. The embryonic development was monitored using a stereomicroscope until hatching. There was a 67% positive response to hypophysation by the females and the fertilization rate was 73.8 ± 6.2%. The oocytes are discoid, yellow, adhesive and covered by a thick jelly coat. Under the electron scanning microscope, the oocytes presented a surface with pore canals and funnel-shaped micropyle with a smooth vestibule. Recently extruded oocytes had a mean diameter of 1.27 ± 0.4 mm and after hydration was 1.91 ± 0.05 mm. The jelly coat was 0.34 ± 0.03 mm thickness, and the perivitelline space was 0.19 ± 0.04 mm. Eight phases of the embryonic development were identified, and embryogenesis was completed at 47 h after fertilization, at 24°C water temperature. The recently hatched larvae had 2.76 ± 0.57 mm of total length. These results provide useful information for the successful breeding and reproductive strategies of fishes.