Everyday key indicators of peace synthesis report 2018 01 06 (1) (original) (raw)
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Violence as an obstacle to development
IDB Publications, 1999
This document is one of a series of technical notes that describe the nature and magnitude of violence in the region, its causes and effects, and how it can be prevented and controlled. The notes provide useful information on designing programs and policies to ...
2009
Violence exacts a high cost on world development. In about 60 countries, over the last ten years, violence has significantly and directly reduced economic growth. It has hampered poverty reduction efforts and limited progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. About half of these 60 countries currently experience violent conflict or are in post-conflict transition. The other half experience high levels of violent crime, street violence, domestic violence, and other kinds of common violence. 1 Common violence has often increased significantly in post-conflict countries after largescale political motivated violence ends. Such cases include Somalia, Liberia, Guatemala, and El Salvador. Conversely, countries with high levels of common violence have shown tendencies toward sporadic large-scale instability, for example Kenya (ethnic violence) and Brazil (urban riots). Throughout Latin America and the Caribbean, crime and violence detract an estimated 14.2 percent from the region's GDP. 2 2003 figures indicate that the economic cost of violence in El Salvador was approximately 11.5 percent of the country's GDP or US$ 1.7 billion. In Guatemala, 1 "Common violence" is defined in opposition to politically motivated violence. Therefore, common violence is considered violence occurring as a result of social conflict not related to political motives or events (such as war, genocide, and assassinations). It is often, though not always, related to personal and property crime.
The course aims at presenting various approaches to explain reasons for violent conflict. It focuses on social and political violence, and their short and long-term effects on social development. The topics covered address why and how people turn to violence. They provide a map to conflicts and wars nationally and internationally. The course examines diverse research traditions to comprehend violence in a critical way. It looks at ideologies, social groups and social organizations that nurture the participation of individuals in violent actions. There will be two primary traditions that will be focused on; the first focuses on the “conditions” under which conflicts are produced and the second emphasizes the “attitudes” motivating individuals to engage in conflict. As each tradition possesses its own vocabulary, theoretical distinctions will aim at providing students with a broad spectrum of tools to comprehend the complex, paradoxical relationship between humans and war and violence. For example, though most world nations have ratified the International Bill of Human Rights, intra-state conflicts are an enduring reality.
Grassroots efforts to prevent and resolve violence
2005
t o p re v e n t a n d r e s o l v e v i o l e n c e 5 t o p re v e n t a n d r e s o l v e v i o l e n c e Contents A word about the authors ________________________________________________________ Foreword Inspired by greatness: Why the grassroots matter __________________________________ Introduction ___________________________________________________________________ Peacebuilding in Kosovo _________________________________________________________ "Peacebuilding in Kosovo" is both a personal journey and an organisational effort in attempts to build peace in a land where ethnic strife predominates. The chapter describes how quickly reconciliation efforts may disappear in the wake of renewed hostilities that emerge from centuries-old hatred. Yet even in the wreckage created in the wake of the ethnic violence of March 2004, reasons to hope remain, although triumph for peace may seem ephemeral. Two achievements on the difficult road to peace in Kosovo are the Mitrovica Council for Peace and Tolerance and Kids for Peace Clubs. Going beyond the limits of dreams _______________________________________________ "Going beyond the limits of dreams" is a narrative of hope in the midst of Colombia's civil war. Featured are Nasly and Alexander, two youth leaders in the Child Peacebuilders' Movement. With over 12,000 members, the Child Peacebuilders' Movement encourages young people to take an active role in communities where they live, always working towards ways to advance reconciliation and peace. By assuming civic responsibilities, the Child Peacebuilders' Movement also furnishes youths with opportunities to take part in their own development. The chrysalis: World Vision Indonesia's transformation towards quality conflict-sensitive and advocacy-sensitive programming _____________ "The chrysalis" describes the significant change in the mission of World Vision Indonesia that followed the chaotic social, economic and political situation in the country between late 1997 and 2000. Among other changes, the organisation rapidly began to engage in peacebuilding and advocacy work. Detailed examples are drawn from peacebuilding efforts in North Maluku and Central Sulawesi, two regions besieged by religious conflict in recent years. Included in this chapter is an appendix that explains the advocacy strategy of World Vision Indonesia.
This Evidence Report details key insights from the Institute of Development Studies Addressing and Mitigating Violence programme, which involved detailed political analysis of dynamics of violence as well as efforts to reduce and prevent violent conflict across a number of countries and areas in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. In particular, the evidence highlighted here is from violent settings that do not neatly fit categories of ‘war’ or ‘peace’. The findings of these studies, published as a series of open-access reports, Policy Briefings and blogs, were discussed by conflict and security experts as well as thinkers from aid and advocacy organisations at a consultative session in London in November 2015. This report uses evidence from the programme to critically reflect on policy and programming policy approaches for reducing violence. Specifically, it provides a synthesis of findings around these themes: (1) the nature of violence and how it might be changing; (2) the connectivity of actors across levels and space; and (3) the significance of identities and vulnerabilities for understanding and responding to violence. The report concludes by examining the implications of the research for the violence reduction paradigm.